11-1 城市和国家 :编写一个函数,它接受两个形参:一个城市名和一个国家名。这个函数返回一个格式为City, Country 的字符串,如Santiago, Chile 。将这个函数存储在一个名为city_functions.py的模块中。
创建一个名为test_cities.py的程序,对刚编写的函数进行测试(别忘了,你需要导入模块unittest 以及要测试的函数)。编写一个名为test_city_country() 的方法,核实使用类似于’santiago’ 和’chile’ 这样的值来调用前述函数时,得到的字符串是正确的。运行test_cities.py ,确认测试test_city_country() 通过了。
import unittest
def get_formatted_city(country, city):
full_name = country + ',' + city
return full_name
class NamesTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def test_city_country(self):
formatted_name = get_formatted_city('New York', 'U.S.')
self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'New York,U.S.')
unittest.main()
结果:
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.001s
OK
11-2 人口数量 :修改前面的函数,使其包含第三个必不可少的形参population ,并返回一个格式为City, Country - population xxx 的字符串,如Santiago, Chile - population 5000000 。运行test_cities.py,确认测试test_city_country() 未通过。 修改上述函数,将形参population 设置为可选的。再次运行test_cities.py,确认测试test_city_country() 又通过了。
再编写一个名为test_city_country_population() 的测试,核实可以使用类似于’santiago’ 、’chile’ 和’population=5000000’ 这样的值来调用这个函数。再次运行test_cities.py,确认测试test_city_country_population() 通过了。
import unittest
def get_formatted_city(country, city, population):
full_name = country + ',' + city + ' - population ' + population
return full_name
class NamesTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def test_city_country(self):
formatted_name = get_formatted_city('New York', 'U.S.')
self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'New York,U.S.')
unittest.main()
结果:
E
======================================================================
ERROR: test_city_country (__main__.NamesTestCase)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "a.py", line 9, in test_city_country
formatted_name = get_formatted_city('New York', 'U.S.')
TypeError: get_formatted_city() missing 1 required positional argument: 'population'
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.003s
FAILED (errors=1)
修改后代码:
import unittest
def get_formatted_city(country, city, population = ''):
if population:
full_name = country + ',' + city + ' - population ' + population
else:
full_name = country + ',' + city
return full_name
class NamesTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def test_city_country(self):
formatted_name = get_formatted_city('New York', 'U.S.')
self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'New York,U.S.')
unittest.main()
结果:
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.001s
OK
增加新测试:
import unittest
def get_formatted_city(country, city, population = ''):
if population:
full_name = country + ',' + city + ' - population ' + population
else:
full_name = country + ',' + city
return full_name
class NamesTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def test_city_country(self):
formatted_name = get_formatted_city('New York', 'U.S.')
self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'New York,U.S.')
def test_city_country_population(self):
formatted_name = get_formatted_city('New York', 'U.S.', '10000k')
self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'New York,U.S. - population 10000k')
unittest.main()
结果:
..
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.002s
OK
11-3 雇员 :编写一个名为Employee 的类,其方法init() 接受名、姓和年薪,并将它们都存储在属性中。编写一个名为give_raise() 的方法,它默认将年薪增加5000美元,但也能够接受其他的年薪增加量。为Employee 编写一个测试用例,其中包含两个测试方法:test_give_default_raise() 和test_give_custom_raise() 。使用方法setUp() ,以免在每个测试方法中都创建新的雇员实例。运行这个测试用例,确认两个测试都通过了。
import unittest
class Employee():
def __init__(self, first, last, salary):
self.firs = first
self.last = last
self.salary = salary
def give_raise(self, addition=5000):
self.salary = self.salary + addition
class TestEmployee(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.employee=Employee('Lau','Zayn',10000)
def test_give_default_raise(self):
self.employee.give_raise()
self.assertEqual(15000,self.employee.salary)
def test_give_custom_raise(self):
self.employee.give_raise(1000)
self.assertEqual(11000,self.employee.salary)
unittest.main()
结果:
..
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.001s
OK