HW_Anscombe's quartet

QUESTION

%matplotlib inline

import random

import numpy as np
import scipy as sp
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns

import statsmodels.api as sm
import statsmodels.formula.api as smf

sns.set_context("talk")

Anscombe’s quartet

Anscombe’s quartet comprises of four datasets, and is rather famous. Why? You’ll find out in this exercise.

anascombe = pd.read_csv('data/anscombe.csv')
anascombe.head()

• 1
• 2
• 3

dataset	x	y
0	10	8.04
1	8	6.95
2	13	7.58
3	9	8.81
4	11	8.33

Part 1

For each of the four datasets…

• Compute the mean and variance of both x and y
• Compute the correlation coefficient between x and y
• Compute the linear regression line: y=β0+β1x+ϵ (hint: use statsmodels and look at the Statsmodels notebook)

Part 2

Using Seaborn, visualize all four datasets.

hint: use sns.FacetGrid combined with plt.scatter

ANSWER

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
import statsmodels.api as sm
import statistics as sta
import scipy.stats.stats as stats



def getValues():
    anscombe = sns.load_dataset("anscombe")
    dataset = ['I', 'II', 'III', 'IV']
    X = {}
    Y = {}
    for i in range(0, 4):
        xarray = anscombe.x[i * 11:i * 11 + 10].values
        X[dataset[i]] = xarray
        yarray = anscombe.y[i * 11:i * 11 + 10].values
        Y[dataset[i]] = yarray
    return X, Y

def getMandV(array):
    mean = np.mean(array)
    variance = sta.variance(array)
    return mean, variance

def getC(X, Y):
    Cof = stats.pearsonr(X, Y)[0]
    return Cof

anscombe = sns.load_dataset("anscombe")
keys = ['I', 'II', 'III', 'IV']
X, Y = getValues()

#Part 1: Compute the mean and variance of both x and y
for set, array in X.items():
    mean, variance = getMandV(array)
    print(set + ': mean of x is ' + str(mean))
    print(set + ': variance of x is ' + str(variance))

for set, array in Y.items():
    mean, variance = getMandV(array)
    print(set + ': mean of y is ' + str(mean))
    print(set + ': variance of y is ' + str(variance))

#Part 1: Compute the correlation coefficient between x and y
for key in keys:
    Cof = getC(X[key], Y[key])
    print(key + ': correlation coefficient between x and y is ' + str(Cof))

#Part 1: Compute the linear regression line: y=β0+β1x+ϵ (hint: use statsmodels and look at the Statsmodels notebook)
for key in keys:
    x = sm.add_constant(X[key])
    model = sm.OLS(Y[key], x)
    result = model.fit()
    params = result.params
    print(key + ": y =", params[0], "+", params[1], "* x")

#Part 2: Using Seaborn, visualize all four datasets
sns.set(style = 'whitegrid') 
g = sns.FacetGrid(anscombe, col = "dataset", hue = "dataset", size = 3)
g.map(plt.scatter, 'x', 'y')
plt.show()

Result：

Part 1:
1.

2.

3.

Part 2: