MyBatis中一对多关联查询

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-18 14:27:30 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-18 14:27:30 发布

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分类专栏： MyBatis 文章标签： MyBatis

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zbw18297786698/article/details/53740013

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1、一对一关联查询的案例

1.1 需求

根据classId查询对应的班级信息,包括学生,老师

1.2 创建表和数据

在上面的一对一关联查询演示中，我们已经创建了班级表和教师表，因此这里再创建一张学生表

CREATE TABLE student(
    s_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, 
    s_name VARCHAR(20), 
    class_id INT
);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_A', 1);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_B', 1);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_C', 1);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_D', 2);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_E', 2);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_F', 2);

2、定义实体类

2.1 Student实体类

public class Student {

	// 定义属性，和student表中的字段对应
	private int id; // id===>s_id
	private String name; // name===>s_name

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
	}
}

2.2 修改Classes类，添加一个List<Student> students属性，使用一个List<Student>集合属性表示班级拥有的学生，如下：

public class Classes {

	// 定义实体类的属性，与class表中的字段对应
	private int id; // id===>c_id
	private String name; // name===>c_name

	/**
	 * class表中有一个teacher_id字段，所以在Classes类中定义一个teacher属性，
	 * 用于维护teacher和class之间的一对一关系，通过这个teacher属性就可以知道这个班级是由哪个老师负责的
	 */
	private Teacher teacher;

	// 使用一个List<Student>集合属性表示班级拥有的学生
	private List<Student> students = new ArrayList<Student>();

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public List<Student> getStudents() {
		return students;
	}

	public void setStudents(List<Student> students) {
		this.students = students;
	}

	public Teacher getTeacher() {
		return teacher;
	}

	public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
		this.teacher = teacher;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Classes [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", teacher=" + teacher
				+ ", students=" + students + "]";
	}

}

3、定义Mapper对象ClassMapper

import com.baowei.entity.Classes;

public interface ClassMapper {
	/**
	 * 测试一对多的非懒加载方式
	 * 
	 * @param id
	 * @return
	 */
	public Classes getClass3(int id);

	/**
	 * 测试一对多的懒加载方式
	 * 
	 * @param id
	 * @return
	 */
	public Classes getClass4(int id);
}

4、定义sql映射文件classMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.baowei.mapper.ClassMapper">
<!-- 
        根据classId查询对应的班级信息,包括学生,老师
     -->
    <!-- 
                         方式一: (非懒加载方式)
                          嵌套结果: 使用嵌套结果映射来处理重复的联合结果的子集
         SELECT * FROM class c, teacher t,student s WHERE c.teacher_id=t.t_id AND c.C_id=s.class_id AND  c.c_id=1
     -->
    <select id="getClass3" parameterType="int" resultMap="ClassResultMap3">
        select * from class c, teacher t,student s where c.teacher_id=t.t_id and c.C_id=s.class_id and  c.c_id=#{id}
    </select>
    <resultMap type="com.baowei.entity.Classes" id="ClassResultMap3">
        <id property="id" column="c_id"/>
        <result property="name" column="c_name"/>
        <association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="com.baowei.entity.Teacher">
            <id property="id" column="t_id"/>
            <result property="name" column="t_name"/>
        </association>
        <!-- ofType指定students集合中的对象类型 -->
        <collection property="students" ofType="com.baowei.entity.Student">
            <id property="id" column="s_id"/>
            <result property="name" column="s_name"/>
        </collection>
    </resultMap>
    
    <!-- 
                      方式二：(懒加载的实现)
                                  嵌套查询：通过执行另外一个SQL映射语句来返回预期的复杂类型
            SELECT * FROM class WHERE c_id=1;
            SELECT * FROM teacher WHERE t_id=1   //1 是上一个查询得到的teacher_id的值
            SELECT * FROM student WHERE class_id=1  //1是第一个查询得到的c_id字段的值
     -->
     <select id="getClass4" parameterType="int" resultMap="ClassResultMap4">
        select * from class where c_id=#{id}
     </select>
     <resultMap type="com.baowei.entity.Classes" id="ClassResultMap4">
        <id property="id" column="c_id"/>
        <result property="name" column="c_name"/>
        <association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="com.baowei.entity.Teacher" select="getTeacher2"></association>
        <collection property="students" ofType="com.baowei.entity.Student" column="c_id" select="getStudent"></collection>
     </resultMap>
     
     <select id="getTeacher2" parameterType="int" resultType="com.baowei.entity.Teacher">
        SELECT t_id id, t_name name FROM teacher WHERE t_id=#{id}
     </select>
     
     <select id="getStudent" parameterType="int" resultType="com.baowei.entity.Student">
        SELECT s_id id, s_name name FROM student WHERE class_id=#{id}
     </select>
</mapper

5、Mybatis核心配置文件SqlMapConfig.xml的配置

5.1 打开Mybatis的懒加载功能

<settings>
		<!-- 打开延迟加载的开关 -->
		<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true" />
		<!-- 将积极加载改为消息加载即按需加载 -->
		<setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false" />
	</settings>

5.2 完整的SqlMapConfig.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

	<properties resource="db.properties">
	</properties>
	<settings>
		<!-- 打开延迟加载的开关 -->
		<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true" />
		<!-- 将积极加载改为消息加载即按需加载 -->
		<setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false" />
	</settings>
	<environments default="development">
		<environment id="development">
			<!-- 使用jdbc事务管理，事务控制由mybatis -->
			<transactionManager type="JDBC" />
			<!-- 数据库连接池，由mybatis管理 -->
			<dataSource type="POOLED">
				<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
				<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
				<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
				<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
			</dataSource>
		</environment>
	</environments>
	<!-- 加载 映射文件 -->
	<mappers>
		<package name="com.baowei.mapper" />
	</mappers>

</configuration>

6、MyBatisUtil.Java工具的使用

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

public class MyBatisUtil {

	/**
	 * 获取SqlSessionFactory
	 * 
	 * @return SqlSessionFactory
	 */
	public static SqlSessionFactory getSqlSessionFactory() {
		String resource = "SqlMapConfig.xml";
		InputStream inputStream = null;
		SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = null;
		try {
			inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
			sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder()
					.build(inputStream);

		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return sqlSessionFactory;
	}

	/**
	 * 获取SqlSession
	 * 
	 * @return SqlSession
	 */
	public static SqlSession getSqlSession() {
		return getSqlSessionFactory().openSession();
	}

	/**
	 * 获取SqlSession
	 * 
	 * @param isAutoCommit
	 *            true 表示创建的SqlSession对象在执行完SQL之后会自动提交事务 false
	 *            表示创建的SqlSession对象在执行完SQL之后不会自动提交事务
	 *            ，这时就需要我们手动调用sqlSession.commit()提交事务
	 * @return SqlSession
	 */
	public static SqlSession getSqlSession(boolean isAutoCommit) {
		return getSqlSessionFactory().openSession(isAutoCommit);
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println(getSqlSessionFactory());
	}
}

7、one2many关联查询的测试代码

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.baowei.entity.Classes;
import com.baowei.mapper.ClassMapper;
import com.baowei.utils.MyBatisUtil;

public class TestOne2Many {

	/**
	 * 非懒加载的one2many的测试
	 */
	@Test
	public void testGetClass() {
		SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();

		ClassMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ClassMapper.class);
		Classes clazz = mapper.getClass3(1);

		// 使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
		sqlSession.close();
		System.out.println(clazz);
	}

	/**
	 * 懒加载的one2many的测试
	 */
	@Test
	public void testGetClass2() {
		SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();

		ClassMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ClassMapper.class);
		Classes clazz = mapper.getClass4(1);

		// 使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
		sqlSession.close();
		System.out.println(clazz.getId());
		// 可用于测试懒加载(查看日志的sql输出结果，就可以发现使用了懒加载)
		System.out.println(clazz.getTeacher());
		System.out.println(clazz.getStudents());

	}
}

8、Mybatis一对多关联查询的总结

MyBatis中使用collection标签来解决一对多的关联查询，ofType属性指定集合中元素的对象类型。

9、参考的博客地址

http://www.cnblogs.com/xdp-gacl/p/4264440.html

10、源码下载

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MyBatis中一对多关联查询

1、一对一关联查询的案例 1.1 需求根据classId查询对应的班级信息,包括学生,老师 1.2 创建表和数据在上面的一对一关联查询演示中，我们已经创建了班级表和教师表，因此这里再创建一张学生表 CREATE TABLE student( s_id INT PRIMARY KEY
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