HttpClient的简单使用

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-27 11:12:15 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-27 11:12:15 发布

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分类专栏： Java Web 文章标签： httpclient

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zbw18297786698/article/details/53913088

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1、HttpClient的简介

HttpClient 是 Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目，可以用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包，并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。

2、HttpClient普通的Get请求

import java.io.File;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class DoGET {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

		// 创建Httpclient对象
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();

		// 创建http GET请求
		HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=java");
		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		try {
			// 执行请求
			response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
			// 判断返回状态是否为200
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
				// 获取服务端返回的数据
				String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),
						"UTF-8");
				FileUtils.writeStringToFile(new File("E:\\baidu.html"),
						content, "UTF-8");
				// 服务端返回数据的长度
				System.out.println("内容长度：" + content.length());
			}
		} finally {
			if (response != null) {
				response.close();
			}
			// 相当于关闭浏览器
			httpclient.close();
		}

	}

}

3、HttpClient带有参数的Get请求

import java.net.URI;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class DoGETParam {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

		// 创建Httpclient对象
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();

		// 定义请求的参数
		URI uri = new URIBuilder("http://www.baidu.com/s").setParameter("wd",
				"java").build();

		System.out.println(uri);

		// 创建http GET请求
		HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);

		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		try {
			// 执行请求
			response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
			// 判断返回状态是否为200
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
				// 获取服务端，响应的数据
				String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),
						"UTF-8");
				System.out.println(content);
			}
		} finally {
			if (response != null) {
				response.close();
			}
			httpclient.close();
		}

	}

}

4、HttpClient普通的Post请求

import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class DoPOST {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

		// 创建Httpclient对象
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();

		// 创建http POST请求
		HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.oschina.net/");
		// 伪装浏览器请求
		httpPost.setHeader(
				"User-Agent",
				"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2272.118 Safari/537.36");

		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		try {
			// 执行请求
			response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
			// 判断返回状态是否为200
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
				// 获取服务端，响应的数据
				String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),
						"UTF-8");
				System.out.println(content);
			}
		} finally {
			if (response != null) {
				response.close();
			}
			httpclient.close();
		}

	}

}

5、HttpClient带有参数的Post请求

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class DoPOSTParam {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

		// 创建Httpclient对象
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();

		// 创建http POST请求
		HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.oschina.net/search");

		// 设置2个post参数，一个是scope、一个是q
		List<NameValuePair> parameters = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
		parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("scope", "project"));
		parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("q", "java"));
		// 构造一个form表单式的实体
		UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters);
		// 将请求实体设置到httpPost对象中
		httpPost.setEntity(formEntity);
		// 伪装浏览器请求
		httpPost.setHeader(
				"User-Agent",
				"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2272.118 Safari/537.36");

		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		try {
			// 执行请求
			response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
			// 判断返回状态是否为200
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
				// 获取服务端响应的数据
				String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),
						"UTF-8");
				System.out.println(content);
			}
		} finally {
			if (response != null) {
				response.close();
			}
			httpclient.close();
		}

	}

}

6、HttpClient对于请求的配置管理

import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

//设置请求参数
public class RequestConfigDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

		// 创建Httpclient对象
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();

		// 创建http GET请求
		HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/");

		// 构建请求配置信息
		RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(1000) // 创建连接的最长时间
				.setConnectionRequestTimeout(500) // 从连接池中获取到连接的最长时间
				.setSocketTimeout(10 * 1000) // 数据传输的最长时间
				.setStaleConnectionCheckEnabled(true) // 提交请求前测试连接是否可用
				.build();
		// 设置请求配置信息
		httpGet.setConfig(config);

		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		try {
			// 执行请求
			response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
			// 判断返回状态是否为200
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
				String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),
						"UTF-8");
				System.out.println(content);
			}
		} finally {
			if (response != null) {
				response.close();
			}
			httpclient.close();
		}

	}

}

7、HttpClient对于请求连接池的管理

import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.conn.HttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

//使用连接池管理http连接
public class HttpConnectManager {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
		// 设置最大连接数
		cm.setMaxTotal(200);
		// 设置每个主机地址的并发数
		cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(20);

		doGet(cm);
		doGet(cm);
	}

	public static void doGet(HttpClientConnectionManager cm) throws Exception {
		// 通过PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager，来获取CloseableHttpClient
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
				.setConnectionManager(cm).build();

		// 创建http GET请求
		HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/");

		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		try {
			// 执行请求
			response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
			// 判断返回状态是否为200
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
				String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),
						"UTF-8");
				System.out.println("内容长度：" + content.length());
			}
		} finally {
			if (response != null) {
				response.close();
			}
			// 此处不能关闭httpClient，如果关闭httpClient，连接池也会销毁
			// 因为此处的httpClient是通过PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager获取的
			// 所以这里的httpClient也由PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager的管理
			// httpClient.close();
		}
	}

}

8、HttpClient关闭连接池里面失效的连接

import org.apache.http.conn.HttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;

//关闭连接池的无效链接
public class ClientEvictExpiredConnections {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
		// 设置最大连接数
		cm.setMaxTotal(200);
		// 设置每个主机地址的并发数
		cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(20);

		new IdleConnectionEvictor(cm).start();
	}

	public static class IdleConnectionEvictor extends Thread {

		private final HttpClientConnectionManager connMgr;

		private volatile boolean shutdown;

		public IdleConnectionEvictor(HttpClientConnectionManager connMgr) {
			this.connMgr = connMgr;
		}

		@Override
		public void run() {
			try {
				while (!shutdown) {
					synchronized (this) {
						// 每隔5秒执行一个，关闭失效的http连接
						wait(5000);
						// 关闭失效的连接
						connMgr.closeExpiredConnections();
					}
				}
			} catch (InterruptedException ex) {
				// 结束
			}
		}

		public void shutdown() {
			shutdown = true;
			synchronized (this) {
				notifyAll();
			}
		}
	}

}

9、源码下载

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HttpClient的简单使用

1、HttpClient的简介 HttpClient 是 Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目，可以用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包，并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。2、HttpClient普通的Get请求import java.io.File;import org.apache.commons.io.
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