bitmap的生成，以及引起的OOM问题总结

一.从文件或者资源中获取bitmap，为了尽可能的减少OOM的风险我们可以采取以下几个步骤

        1.1  不获取bitmap内容，只获取bitmap的相关信息，这需要 设置  inJustDecodeBounds=true;

    
    

     
     /**
    
    

    
    

     
      * 
     
     不获取
     
     bitmap
     
     本身，直接获取
     
     bitmap
     
     信息
    
    

    
    

     
      
     
     * 
     
     @param 
     
     res
    
    

    
    

     
      * @param rid
    
    

    
    

     
      * @return
    
    

    
    

     
      */
    
    

    
    

     
     public static BitmapFactory.Options getBitmapInfo(Resources res,int rid){
    
    

    
    

     
         BitmapFactory.Options  bop=new BitmapFactory.Options();
    
    

    
    

     
         bop.inJustDecodeBounds=true;
    
    

    
    

     
         BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res,rid,bop);
    
    

    
    

     
         int imageHeight=bop.outHeight;
    
    

    
    

     
         int imageWidth=bop.outWidth;
    
    

    
    

     
         return bop;
    
    

    
    

     
     }
    
    

    1.2 计算最优的  inSampleSize

   

    
    

     
     /**
    
    

    
    

     
      * 计算出最优的inSampleSize,用以对bitMap进行缩放
    
    

    
    

     
      * @param ops
    
    

    
    

     
      * @param reHeight
    
    

    
    

     
      * @param reWidth
    
    

    
    

     
      * @return
    
    

    
    

     
      */
    
    

    
    

     
     public static int calculateInSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options ops,int reWidth,int reHeight){
    
    

    
    

     
         int imageHeight=ops.outHeight;
    
    

    
    

     
         int imageWidth=ops.outWidth;
    
    

    
    

     
         int inSampleSize = 1;
    
    

    
    

     
         int heightRadio=imageHeight/2;
    
    

    
    

     
         int widthRadio=imageWidth/2;
    
    

    
    

     
         while(heightRadio/inSampleSize>reHeight&&widthRadio/inSampleSize>reWidth){
    
    

    
    

     
             inSampleSize*=2;
    
    

    
    

     
         }
    
    

    
    

     
         return inSampleSize;
    
    

    
    

     
     }
    
    
    
    

     
     

    
    

    1.3 获取所需的bitmap

   

  
  

   
   /**
  
  

  
  

   
    * 获取经过缩放的的bitmap
  
  
  
  

   
    * @param reHeight
  
  
  
  

   
    * @param reWidth
  
  
  
  

   
    * @return
  
  
  
  

   
    */
  
  
  
  

   
   public static Bitmap getBitMap(Context context,int id,int reWidth,int reHeight){
  
  
  
  

   
       BitmapFactory.Options bop=getBitmapInfo(context.getResources(),id);
  
  
  
  

   
       if(reHeight!=0) {
  
  
  
  

   
           bop.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(bop, reWidth, reHeight);
  
  
  
  

   
       }else{
  
  
  
  

   
           bop.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(bop, reWidth);
  
  
  
  

   
       }
  
  
  
  

   
       bop.inJustDecodeBounds=false;
  
  
  
  

   
       Bitmap  bitMap=BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(), id, bop);
  
  
  
  

   
       Log.v("getBitMap==imageWidth", bop.outWidth + "");
  
  
  
  

   
       return bitMap;
  
  
  
  

   
   }
  
  

二 . 从view中获取bitmap,一般有两种方式

1. 第一种方法，相对较好，同样的情况下，较少的遇到返回为null的情况

    
    

     
     /**
    
    

    
    

     
      * 
     
     从
     
     view
     
     中获取
     
     bitMap
    
    

    
    

     
      * @param view
    
    

    
    

     
      * @return
    
    

    
    

     
      */
    
    

    
    

     
     public static Bitmap loadBitmapFromView(View view,DisplayMetrics dm) {
    
    

    
    

     
         if (view == null) {
    
    

    
    

     
             return null;
    
    

    
    

     
         }
    
    

    
    

     
         Bitmap screenshot=null;
    
    

    
    

     
         view.measure(View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED), View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED));
    
    

    
    

     
         view.layout(0, 0, view.getMeasuredWidth(), view.getMeasuredHeight());
    
    

    
    

     
         screenshot = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getWidth(), view.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_4444);
    
    

    
    

     
         Canvas c = new Canvas(screenshot);
    
    

    
    

     
         view.draw(c);
    
    

    
    

     
         return screenshot;
    
    

    
    

     
     }
    
    

2. 第二种方法 ，很容易遇到返回为null的情况，主要原因是drawingCache的值很容易就大于系统给定的值。

    
    

     
     /**
    
    

    
    

     
      * 从view中获取bitMap
    
    

    
    

     
      * @param view
    
    

    
    

     
      * @return
    
    

    
    

     
      */
    
    

    
    

     
     public static Bitmap getBitmapFromView(View view){
    
    

    
    

     
         view.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);
    
    

    
    

     
         view.measure(View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED), View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED));
    
    

    
    

     
         view.layout(0, 0, view.getMeasuredWidth(), view.getMeasuredHeight());
    
    

    
    

     
         view.buildDrawingCache();
    
    

    
    

     
         Bitmap bitmap = view.getDrawingCache();
    
    

    
    

     
         return  bitmap;
    
    

    
    

     
     }
    
    

三.从网络中获取图片生成bitmap的方法。需要注意的是下载操作，无法在主线程中执行，需要另起一个新的线程。如果主线程需要等待该结果，可以用 子线程.join（）来实现。

    
    

     
     public static byte[] getImage(String path) throws Exception {
    
    

    
    

     
         URL url = new URL(path);
    
    

    
    

     
         HttpURLConnection httpURLconnection =  (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
    
    

    
    

     
         httpURLconnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
    
    

    
    

     
         httpURLconnection.setReadTimeout(6*1000);
    
    

    
    

     
         httpURLconnection.setDoInput(true);
    
    

    
    

     
         InputStream in = null;
    
    

    
    

     
         byte[] b = new byte[1024];
    
    

    
    

     
         int len = -1;
    
    

    
    

     
         int resultcode=httpURLconnection.getResponseCode();
    
    

    
    

     
         if (resultcode == 200) {
    
    

    
    

     
             in = httpURLconnection.getInputStream();
    
    

    
    

     
             byte[] result = readStream(in);
    
    

    
    

     
             in.close();
    
    

    
    

     
             return result;
    
    

    
    

     
         }
    
    

    
    

     
         return null;
    
    

    
    

     
     }
    
    

    
    

     
     /**
    
    

    
    

     
      * 从网络获取bitmap
    
    

    
    

     
      * @param path
    
    

    
    

     
      * @param bop
    
    

    
    

     
      * @return
    
    

    
    

     
      */
    
    

    
    

     
     public static Bitmap getBitmapByUrl(String path,BitmapFactory.Options bop){
    
    

    
    

     
         Bitmap bitMap=null;
    
    

    
    

     
         if(!path.startsWith("http")){
    
    

    
    

     
             bitMap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(path,bop);
    
    

    
    

     
             return bitMap;
    
    

    
    

     
         }
    
    

    
    

     
         byte[] data = new byte[10];
    
    

    
    

     
         try {
    
    

    
    

     
             data = getImage(path);
    
    

    
    

     
             String d = new String(data);
    
    

    
    

     
             int length = data.length;
    
    

    
    

     
             bitMap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, length,bop);
    
    

    
    

     
         } catch (Exception e) {
    
    

    
    

     
             e.printStackTrace();
    
    

    
    

     
         }
    
    

    
    

     
         return bitMap;
    
    

    
    

     
     }

本文仅作为个人总结，参考（抄袭）了许许多多相关的博文，对作者们表示感谢。