ABC线程如何保证顺序执行 关于多线程的一个小例子

（谨以此贴感谢boss直聘首席架构师李川的指导）

这个例子是某架构师让我回来一定要理解体会试着做的一个例子，主要是避免对线程的纸上谈兵：

先来段源码

 /**
     * Creates an Executor that uses a single worker thread operating
     * off an unbounded queue. (Note however that if this single
     * thread terminates due to a failure during execution prior to
     * shutdown, a new one will take its place if needed to execute
     * subsequent tasks.)  Tasks are guaranteed to execute
     * sequentially, and no more than one task will be active at any
     * given time. Unlike the otherwise equivalent
     * {@code newFixedThreadPool(1)} the returned executor is
     * guaranteed not to be reconfigurable to use additional threads.
     *
     * @return the newly created single-threaded Executor
     */
    public static ExecutorService newSingleThreadExecutor() {
        retur