Nginx的双向链表
一、双向链表的主要作用
链表是一种顺序容器,其主要优势在于可以高效的插入、删除、分割、合并。
在对链表进行移动时,不需要过多的操作,只需要修改指针域的指向。
双向链表是链表的加强版本,优势在于优化了单项链表向前操作时的问题。
二、适用范围
适用于频繁的对容器元素数量进行增删的场合
三、源码位置
src/core/ngx_queue.c
src/core/ngx_queue.h
四、Nginx中的数据结构
Nginx双向链表的实现类似Linux内核,只实现了指针域,没有实现data域,具体定义及实现如下:
/*
* Copyright (C) Igor Sysoev
* Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
*/
#include <ngx_config.h>
#include <ngx_core.h>
#ifndef _NGX_QUEUE_H_INCLUDED_
#define _NGX_QUEUE_H_INCLUDED_
typedef struct ngx_queue_s ngx_queue_t;
struct ngx_queue_s {
ngx_queue_t *prev; // 前置指针域
ngx_queue_t *next; // 后置指针域
};
// 初始化双向链表
#define ngx_queue_init(q) \
(q)->prev = q; \
(q)->next = q
// 检测链表h是否为空,是空返回0,不是返回1
#define ngx_queue_empty(h) \
(h == (h)->prev)
// 将元素x插入链表h的头部
#define ngx_queue_insert_head(h, x) \
(x)->next = (h)->next; \
(x)->next->prev = x; \
(x)->prev = h; \
(h)->next = x
#define ngx_queue_insert_after ngx_queue_insert_head
#define ngx_queue_insert_tail(h, x) \
(x)->prev = (h)->prev; \
(x)->prev->next = x; \
(x)->next = h; \
(h)->prev = x
#define ngx_queue_head(h) \
(h)->next
#define ngx_queue_last(h) \
(h)->prev
#define ngx_queue_sentinel(h) \
(h)
#define ngx_queue_next(q) \
(q)->next
#define ngx_queue_prev(q) \
(q)->prev
#if (NGX_DEBUG)
#define ngx_queue_remove(x) \
(x)->next->prev = (x)->prev; \
(x)->prev->next = (x)->next; \
(x)->prev = NULL; \
(x)->next = NULL
#else
#define ngx_queue_remove(x) \
(x)->next->prev = (x)->prev; \
(x)->prev->next = (x)->next
#endif
#define ngx_queue_split(h, q, n) \
(n)->prev = (h)->prev; \
(n)->prev->next = n; \
(n)->next = q; \
(h)->prev = (q)->prev; \
(h)->prev->next = h; \
(q)->prev = n;
#define ngx_queue_add(h, n) \
(h)->prev->next = (n)->next; \
(n)->next->prev = (h)->prev; \
(h)->prev = (n)->prev; \
(h)->prev->next = h;
#define ngx_queue_data(q, type, link) \
(type *) ((u_char *) q - offsetof(type, link))
ngx_queue_t *ngx_queue_middle(ngx_queue_t *queue);
void ngx_queue_sort(ngx_queue_t *queue,
ngx_int_t (*cmp)(const ngx_queue_t *, const ngx_queue_t *));
#endif /* _NGX_QUEUE_H_INCLUDED_ */