Nginx中的双向链表(ngx_queue_t)可以高效的执行插入、删除、合并等操作,在移动链表中的元素时只需要修改指针的指向,适合频繁修改容器的场合。并且它还支持排序和链表间的合并功能。
源代码
ngx_queue.h文件
#include <ngx_config.h>
#include <ngx_core.h>
#ifndef _NGX_QUEUE_H_INCLUDED_
#define _NGX_QUEUE_H_INCLUDED_
typedef struct ngx_queue_s ngx_queue_t;
/// nginx中的双向链表
struct ngx_queue_s {
ngx_queue_t *prev;
ngx_queue_t *next;
};
/// q的prev和next都指向自己,是一个空链表
#define ngx_queue_init(q) \
(q)->prev = q; \
(q)->next = q
#define ngx_queue_empty(h) \
(h == (h)->prev)
// 在头部插入一个节点x
#define ngx_queue_insert_head(h, x) \
(x)->next = (h)->next; \
(x)->next->prev = x; \
(x)->prev = h; \
(h)->next = x
#define ngx_queue_insert_after ngx_queue_insert_head
// 在尾部插入一个节点x
#define ngx_queue_insert_tail(h, x) \
(x)->prev = (h)->prev; \
(x)->prev->next = x; \
(x)->next = h; \
(h)->prev = x
#define ngx_queue_head(h) \
(h)->next
#define ngx_queue_last(h) \
(h)->prev
#define ngx_queue_sentinel(h) \
(h)
#define ngx_queue_next(q) \
(q)->next
#define ngx_queue_prev(q) \
(q)->prev
#if (NGX_DEBUG)
// 删除一个节点,不会释放该节点内存
#define ngx_queue_remove(x) \
(x)->next->prev = (x)->prev; \
(x)->prev->next = (x)->next; \
(x)->prev = NULL; \
(x)->next = NULL
#else
#define ngx_queue_remove(x) \
(x)->next->prev = (x)->prev; \
(x)->prev->next = (x)->next
#endif
#define ngx_queue_split(h, q, n) \
(n)->prev = (h)->prev; \
(n)->prev->next = n; \
(n)->next = q; \
(h)->prev = (q)->prev; \
(h)->prev->next = h; \
(q)->prev = n;
// 合并链表,将n链表添加到h链表的末尾
#define ngx_queue_add(h, n) \
(h)->prev->next = (n)->next; \
(n)->next->prev = (h)->prev; \
(h)->prev = (n)->prev; \
(h)->prev->next = h;
// 返回q元素所属类型结构体的地址
#define ngx_queue_data(q, type, link) \
(type *) ((u_char *) q - offsetof(type, link))
ngx_queue_t *ngx_queue_middle(ngx_queue_t *queue);
void ngx_queue_sort(ngx_queue_t *queue,
ngx_int_t (*cmp)(const ngx_queue_t *, const ngx_queue_t *));
#endif /* _NGX_QUEUE_H_INCLUDED_ */
ngx_queue.c文件
#include <ngx_config.h>
#include <ngx_core.h>
/*
* find the middle queue element if the queue has odd number of elements
* or the first element of the queue's second part otherwise
* 返回链表的中心节点,思想为两个节点,一个节点一次移动一步,另一个节点一次移动2次,
* 当一次移动2次的节点到达链表尾部时,一次移动一步的节点正好是中间结点
*/
ngx_queue_t *
ngx_queue_middle(ngx_queue_t *queue)
{
ngx_queue_t *middle, *next;
middle = ngx_queue_head(queue);
if (middle == ngx_queue_last(queue)) {
return middle;
}
next = ngx_queue_head(queue);
for ( ;; ) {
middle = ngx_queue_next(middle);
next = ngx_queue_next(next);
if (next == ngx_queue_last(queue)) {
return middle;
}
next = ngx_queue_next(next);
if (next == ngx_queue_last(queue)) {
return middle;
}
}
}
/* the stable insertion sort */
void
ngx_queue_sort(ngx_queue_t *queue,
ngx_int_t (*cmp)(const ngx_queue_t *, const ngx_queue_t *))
{
ngx_queue_t *q, *prev, *next;
// queue为循环队列
q = ngx_queue_head(queue);
if (q == ngx_queue_last(queue)) {
return;
}
// 该队列排序的思想 类似于插入排序
for (q = ngx_queue_next(q); q != ngx_queue_sentinel(queue); q = next) {
prev = ngx_queue_prev(q);
next = ngx_queue_next(q);
ngx_queue_remove(q);
do {
if (cmp(prev, q) <= 0) {
break;
}
prev = ngx_queue_prev(prev);
} while (prev != ngx_queue_sentinel(queue));
ngx_queue_insert_after(prev, q);
}
}