题目描述
请实现一个函数,将一个字符串中的空格替换成“%20”。例如,当字符串为We Are Happy.则经过替换之后的字符串为We%20Are%20Happy。
思路1:申请辅助空间
思路2:在原数组上修改===》1.从前向后,每次遇到空格,后面的字符都要向后移动,复杂度很高O(n^2),不建议。2.从后向前,字符只需移动一次就能实现,复杂度O(n).
思路1:
class Solution {
public:
void replaceSpace(char *str,int length) {
if(str==NULL)
return ;
int old_length = 0;
int space = 0;
for (int i = 0; str[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
if (str[i] == ' ')
space++;
old_length++;
}
int new_length = old_length + 2 * space;
char *str2= new char[new_length+1];
int j = 0;
for (int i = 0; i<=old_length; ++i)
{
if (str[i] == ' ') {
*(str2 + j++) = '%';
*(str2 + j++) = '2';
*(str2 + j++) = '0';
}
else
*(str2 + j++) = str[i];
}
strcpy(str,str2);
}
};
思路2:
class Solution {
public:
void replaceSpace(char *str,int length) {
if(str == NULL)
return;
int str_length=0;
int space_length=0;
for(int i=0;str[i]!='\0';++i)
{
if(str[i]==' ')
++space_length;
++str_length;
}
if(length<=str_length+2*space_length)
return;
int new_length=str_length+2*space_length;
for(int i=str_length;i>=0;--i)
{
if(str[i]==' ')
{
str[new_length--]='0';
str[new_length--]='2';
str[new_length--]='%';
}
else
str[new_length--]=str[i];
}
}
};
python版
思路1:
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
class Solution:
# s 源字符串
def replaceSpace(self, s):
ss=''
for i in s:
if i==' ':
ss=ss+'%20'
else:
ss+=i
return ss
# write code here
思路2:
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
class Solution:
# s 源字符串
def replaceSpace(self, s):
s=list(s)
for i in range(len(s)):
if s[i]==' ':
s[i]='%20'
return ''.join(s)
# write code here
python 中join用法:
python中有join()和os.path.join()两个函数,具体作用如下:
join():连接字符串数组。将字符串、元组、列表中的元素以指定的字符(分隔符)连接生成一个新的字符串
os.path.join(): 根据系统将多个路径组合后返回
#对数组进行操作
>>> seq1 = ['hello','good','boy','doiido']
>>> print ' '.join(seq1)
hello good boy doiido
>>> print ':'.join(seq1)
hello:good:boy:doiido
#对字符串进行操作
>>> seq2 = "hello good boy doiido"
>>> print ':'.join(seq2)
h:e:l:l:o: :g:o:o:d: :b:o:y: :d:o:i:i:d:o
#对元组进行操作
>>> seq3 = ('hello','good','boy','doiido')
>>> print ':'.join(seq3)
hello:good:boy:doiido
#对字典进行操作
>>> seq4 = {'hello':1,'good':2,'boy':3,'doiido':4}
>>> print ':'.join(seq4)
boy:good:doiido:hello
#合并目录
>>> import os
>>> os.path.join('/hello/','good/boy','doiido')
linux:
'/hello/good/boy/doiido'
windows
'/hello/good/boy\doiido'
如果指定了,则不自动添加
os.path.join('/hello/','good/boy/','doiido')
'/hello/good/boy/doiido'