Spring Boot 学习系列一：Holle world

Spring Boot 学习系列一：Holle world

初识Spring Boot
1. 创建独立的Spring应用程序
2. 嵌入的Tomcat，无需部署WAR文件
3. 简化Maven配置
4. 尽可能的自动配置Spring
5. 提供生产就绪型功能，如指标，健康检查和外部配置
6. 没有冗余代码生成和对XML没有配置要求 （取自百度百科）1
因其特性，可作为微服务入门级微框架
为什么选择Spring Boot作为微服务的入门级微框架

创建Spring Boot第一个Maven项目：Hello world
传统spring项目需要配置application.properties；Spring Boot 提供 Spring 的默认设置，所以一开始并不需要对这个文件做任何修改，让框架内嵌的Web容器加载该文件即可。
- springbootFirst

• pom文件配置

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.winnie</groupId>
  <artifactId>springbootFirst</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <name>springbootFirst</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <parent>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
      <version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
  </parent>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- web模块 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 测试模块 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

• 主加载类
  启动框架的入口

package com.winnie.springbootFirst.app;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication 
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

}

• 业务实现
  Hello world API

package com.winnie.springbootFirst.app.controller;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class TestSpringBootController {
    @RequestMapping("/")
    @ResponseBody
    String home() {
        return "Hello World!!!!";
    }

}

注意：SpringBoot项目的Bean装配默认规则是根据Application类所在的包位置从上往下扫描！需合理放置Application类所在位置

• 项目结构
  

• 启动项目
  因为spring boot内置了tomcat，所以只需要启动入口实例即可。
  右键run as 启动入口
  
  如图所示；浏览器访问localhost:8080 即可

• 单元测试
  测试重要性不赘述

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.RequestBuilder;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import com.winnie.springbootFirst.controller.TestSpringBootController;

import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.junit.Assert;


@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes=TestSpringBootController.class)
public class ApplicationTest {
     private MockMvc mockMvc;

     @Autowired
     TestSpringBootController testSpringBootController;


    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception{
        //通过MockMvcBuilders.xxxSetup().build()创建一个MockMvc进行测试；
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(testSpringBootController).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void testInfo() throws Exception {
//      JSONObject param = new JSONObject() ;
//      String jsonstr = param.toString() ;
//        System.out.println("================================请求入参："+jsonstr);
//        RequestBuilder request = MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/")
//                              .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE)
//                              .header("SESSIONNO", "").content(jsonstr) ;
        //get
        MvcResult mvcResult = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).characterEncoding("UTF-8")).andReturn() ;
//post        
//        MvcResult mvcResult = mockMvc.perform(request).andReturn() ;

        int status = mvcResult.getResponse().getStatus();  
        String content = mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString();

        Assert.assertTrue("正确", status == 200);  
        Assert.assertFalse("错误", status != 200);  

        System.out.println("返回结果："+status);
        System.out.println(content);

    }
}

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