IT职业英语各章重点内容梳理

第一章

1.部分缩写以及重点职位
CEO-首席执行官
CTO-首席技术官
CFO-首席财务官）
COO-首席运营官
R&D Project Leads研发项目经理
Director Of Marketing 市场总监
Customer Service Manager 客户服务经理
2.What is the meaning of Organizational Chart?组织结构图的含义是什么?
An Organizational Chart is a chart which represents the structure of an organization in terms of rank. The chart shows the managers and subordinates that make up an organization, and it also shows relationships between them.
组织结构图是一种按等级表示组织结构的图表。该图表显示了组成组织的经理和下属，还显示了他们之间的关系。
关于组织结构图的举例如下：

3.什么是程序员？
Computer programmers write, test, and maintain __the detailed instructions, called programs , which computers must follow to perform their functions. They also conceive, design, and test logical structures for solving problems by computer . In general, a computer programmer refers to individuals whose main job function is programming; this group has a wide range of responsibilities and educational background. Somebody who practices(or professes) a formal approach to programming may also be known as a software engineer
计算机程序员编写、测试和维护__详细说明，称为项目，计算机必须遵循这些程序来执行它们的功能。他们还设想、设计和测试逻辑结构，用计算机解决问题。一般来说，电脑程序员指的是那些主要工作功能_是编程;这个群体有着广泛的责任和教育背景。实践(或公开)正式编程方法的人也可以称为软件工程师。
4.What is the meaning of feasibility study?可行性研究的意义是什么?
Feasibility study is a preliminary study before the main work of a project starts, which finds out the probability of the project’s success. It is an analysis of all possible solutions to a problem and recommendation on the best solution to use.
可行性研究是在一个项目的主要工作开始之前进行的初步分析，以找出该项目成功的几率。它分析所有可能的解决方案，并推荐最佳方案以备使用。
5.There are five types of feasibility study. They are:可行性研究有五种类型。它们是:
(1)Operational feasibility study:操作可行性研究:
examines how the software interacts with users. 检查软件如何与用户交互。
(2)Technical feasibility study:技术可行性研究:
checks the skills of the group检查小组成员的技能
(3)Schedule feasibility study:计划可行性研究
ensures that all deadlines can be met.确保所有的最后期限都能完成。
(4)Financial feasibility study:财务可行性研究:
examines the costs and benefits.检查成本和收益。
(5)Legal feasibility study:法律可行性研究
examines if the proposed solution have legal issues.检查提议的解决方案是否有法律问题。
6.What is the meaning of feasibility report?可行性报告的含义是什么?
This type of writing studies a project or a plan and then determines whether that project or plan is “feasible”. Not only does it give advice, it also provides the data and the reasoning behind that advice.
这类文章分析一个项目或一个计划，然后得出该项目或计划是否可行。它不仅给出建议，还提供支撑该建议的数据和推理。
7.How many types does feasibility report have?可行性报告有多少种?
(1)The first type studies a situation and a plan for doing something & then determines whether it is feasible, with data and reasoning.
(2)The second type starts with a stated(明确的) need, a selection of choices, or both and then recommend one, some or none.
(3)The third type provides a studied opinion on the value or worth of something.
第一种是研究一种情况和一个做某事的计划，然后用数据和推理来确定它是否可行。
第二种开始陈述(明确的)需求,选择,或两者兼而有之,然后推荐一个,部分或没有。
第三类是对某物的价值或价值的研究意见。
8.What is the requirements analysis?什么是需求分析?
In software engineering, requirements analysis, also known as requirements engineering, is a term used to describe all the tasks that scope and define a new or altered computer system. Requirements analysis is an important part of the software engineering process.
在软件工程中，需求分析，也叫作需求工程，描述一切研究和定义一个新的或更改过的计算机系统的任务。需求分析是软件工程过程中重要的一部分。
9.Who may conduct the feasibility study?
System Analyst 系统分析师
CTO
Project manager 项目经理
10.一些缩写及具体含义
GUI： Graphical User Interface
图形化界面：是指采用图形方式显示的计算机操作环境用户接口。
JVM：Java Virtual Machine（Java虚拟机）
Serial port串行端口：要用于串行式逐位数据传输
SDK软件开发工具包： 一系列程序接口，文档，开发工具的集合
Gantt Chart 甘特图
通过条状图来显示项目、进度和其他时间相关的系统进展的内在关系，随着时间进展的情况

第二章

1.What is the meaning of iteration?迭代的意义是什么?
In the framework of Agile Software Development , iteration is a short time frame which typically lasts one to four weeks. Each iteration includes all the tasks necessary to release the mini-increment of new functionality : planning, requirements analysis, design, coding, testing, and documentation.
在 敏捷软件开发 的框架下，迭代周期是一个通常为时一到四周的 短期时间段。 每个迭代周期包括发布一个新功能的增量所需的 一切任务 。这些任务包括：计划、需求分析、设计、编码、测试和文档编制。
2.What is the meaning of project development plan?项目开发计划的意义是什么?
The purpose of the Project Development Plan is to define and establish the management strategy for achieving the goals of the project. The project development plan is used to: guide project execution, document project planning assumptions and decisions , facilitate communication among stake-holders, define key management reviews as to content, extent, and timing, and provide a baseline for progress measurement and project.
项目开发计划的目的是定义和建立管理策略，以实现项目的目标。项目开发计划用于:指导项目执行，记录项目计划假设和决策，促进利益相关者之间的沟通，定义关键管理评审内容、范围、和时间，为进度度量和项目提供基线。
项目开发计划的目的是定义和建立达成项目目标的管理策略。
3.SDK和API的差别
SDK相当于开发集成工具环境，API就是数据接口。在SDK环境下调用API数据
SDK对指定功能的实现是完全隐藏的