使用FileUpload组件上传文件

文件上传在web应用中非常普遍，要在jsp环境中实现文件上传功能是非常容易的，因为网上有许多用java开发的文件上传组件，本文以commons-fileupload组件为例，为jsp应用添加文件上传功能。
common-fileupload组件是apache的一个开源项目之一，可以从http://jakarta.apache.org/commons/fileupload/下载。用该组件可实现一次上传一个或多个文件，并可限制文件大小。
下载后解压zip包，将commons-fileupload-1.0.jar复制到tomcat的webapps/你的webapp/WEB-INF/lib/下，目录不存在请自建目录。
新建一个servlet: Upload.java用于文件上传：
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.*;

public class Upload extends HttpServlet {

    private String uploadPath = "C://upload//"; // 上传文件的目录
    private String tempPath = "C://upload//tmp//"; // 临时文件目录

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
    HttpServletResponse response)
    throws IOException, ServletException
    {
    }
}
在doPost()方法中，当servlet收到浏览器发出的Post请求后，实现文件上传。以下是示例代码：
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws IOException, ServletException
{
    try {
        DiskFileUpload fu = new DiskFileUpload();
        // 设置最大文件尺寸，这里是4MB
        fu.setSizeMax(4194304);
        // 设置缓冲区大小，这里是4kb
        fu.setSizeThreshold(4096);
        // 设置临时目录：
        fu.setRepositoryPath(tempPath);

        // 得到所有的文件：
        List fileItems = fu.parseRequest(request);
        Iterator i = fileItems.iterator();
        // 依次处理每一个文件：
        while(i.hasNext()) {
            FileItem fi = (FileItem)i.next();
            // 获得文件名，这个文件名包括路径：
            String fileName = fi.getName();
            // 在这里可以记录用户和文件信息
            // ...
            // 写入文件，暂定文件名为a.txt，可以从fileName中提取文件名：
            fi.write(new File(uploadPath + "a.txt"));
        }
    }
    catch(Exception e) {
        // 可以跳转出错页面
    }
}
如果要在配置文件中读取指定的上传文件夹，可以在init()方法中执行：
public void init() throws ServletException {
    uploadPath = ....
    tempPath = ....
    // 文件夹不存在就自动创建：
    if(!new File(uploadPath).isDirectory())
        new File(uploadPath).mkdirs();
    if(!new File(tempPath).isDirectory())
        new File(tempPath).mkdirs();
}
编译该servlet，注意要指定classpath，确保包含commons-upload-1.0.jar和tomcat/common/lib/servlet-api.jar。
配置servlet，用记事本打开tomcat/webapps/你的webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml，没有的话新建一个。
典型配置如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE web-app
    PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
    "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">

<web-app>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>Upload</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>Upload</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>Upload</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/fileupload</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
配置好servlet后，启动tomcat，写一个简单的html测试：
<form action="fileupload" method="post"
enctype="multipart/form-data" name="form1">
  <input type="file" name="file">
  <input type="submit" name="Submit" value="upload">
</form>
注意action="fileupload"其中fileupload是配置servlet时指定的url-pattern。 

 

struts中上传文件-FormFile应用

今天花了点时间学习了一下struts的commons-fileupload.jar,在网上找了个例子,用MyEclipse重新开发了一个,大约用时两个小时,算是ok了!下面是系统应用的部分代码:
UploadsActionAction.java

  //Created by MyEclipse Struts
// XSL source (default): platform:/plugin/com.genuitec.eclipse.cross.easystruts.eclipse_4.1.1/xslt/JavaClass.xsl

package struts.action;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

import struts.form.UploadsActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.upload.FormFile;
import java.io.*;
/** 
 * MyEclipse Struts
 * Creation date: 06-11-2006
 * 
 * XDoclet definition:
 * @struts.action path="/uploadsAction" name="uploadsActionForm" input="/form/uploadsAction.jsp" scope="request" validate="true"
 */
public class UploadsActionAction extends Action {

	// --------------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables

	// --------------------------------------------------------- Methods

 /** 
 * Method execute
 * @param mapping
 * @param form
 * @param request
 * @param response
 * @return ActionForward
 */
 //UploadsActionForm uploadsActionForm = (UploadsActionForm) form;
 public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping,
            ActionForm form,
            HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {

String encoding = request.getCharacterEncoding();
if ((encoding != null) && (encoding.equalsIgnoreCase("utf-8")))
{
response.setContentType("text/html; charset=gb2312");//如果没有指定编码，编码格式为gb2312
}
UploadsActionForm theForm = (UploadsActionForm ) form;
FormFile file = theForm.getFiles();//取得上传的文件
try {
InputStream stream = file.getInputStream();//把文件读入
String filePath = request.getRealPath("/upload");//上传到指定的upload包中
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
OutputStream bos = new FileOutputStream(filePath + "/" +
                               file.getFileName());//建立一个上传文件的输出流
//System.out.println(filePath+"/"+file.getFileName());
int bytesRead = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[8192];
while ( (bytesRead = stream.read(buffer, 0, 8192)) != -1) {
bos.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);//将文件写入服务器
}
bos.close();
stream.close();
}catch(Exception e){
System.err.print(e);
}
//request.setAttribute("dat",file.getFileName());
return mapping.findForward("display");

}

}

UploadsActionForm.java

//Created by MyEclipse Struts
// XSL source (default): platform:/plugin/com.genuitec.eclipse.cross.easystruts.eclipse_4.1.1/xslt/JavaClass.xsl

package struts.form;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.upload.FormFile;

/** 
 * MyEclipse Struts
 * Creation date: 06-11-2006
 * 
 * XDoclet definition:
 * @struts.form name="uploadsActionForm"
 */
public class UploadsActionForm extends ActionForm {
   //public static final String ERROR_PROPERTY_MAX_LENGTH_EXCEEDED = "org.apache.struts.webapp.upload.MaxLengthExceeded";

 // --------------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables

 /** theFile property */
 protected FormFile files;

 // --------------------------------------------------------- 

 /** 
 * Returns files.
 * @return FormFile
 */
 public FormFile getFiles() {
 return files;
 }

 /** 
 * Set the files.
 * @param files The files to set
 */
 public void setFiles(FormFile file) {
 this.files = file;
 }

}

上传用的页面:uploadFile.jsp
 
<%@ page language="java"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld" prefix="html"%>
 
<html> 
 <head>
 <title>JSP for uploadsActionForm form</title>
 </head>
 <body>
 <html:form action="/uploadsAction" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <1>
 theFile : <html:file property="files"/><br/>
 <html:submit/><html:cancel/>
 </html:form>
 </body>
</html>
刚开始<1>处落下了"enctype="multipart/form-data" 费了我不少时间才搞定.