HiberNate学习-3 映射关系

1 Hibernate的一对多关联映射

核心代码：

Xml代码

1. <setname="students">
2. <keycolumn="classesId"/>
3. <one-to-manyclass="Students"/>
4. </set>

<set name="students">
	<key column="classesId"/>
	<one-to-many class="Students"/>
</set>

 

hihernate一对多关联映射（单向Classes----->Student）

一对多关联映射利用了多对一关联映射原理

多对一关联映射：在多的一端加入一个外键指向一的一端，它维护的关系是多指向一
一对多关联映射：在多的一端加入一个外键指向一的一端，它维护的关系是一指向多

也就是说一对多和多对一的映射策略是一样的，只是站的角度不同

在一端维护关系的缺点：
* 如果将t_student表里的classesid字段设置为非空，则无法保存
* 因为不是在student这一端维护关系，所以student不知道是哪个班的，
所以需要发出多余的update语句来更新关系

 

一：实体类：

Classes.java代码

1. package com.tao.hibernate.one2many;
3. import java.util.Set;
5. public class Classes {
6. private Integer id;
7. private String name;
8. private Set<Students> students;
10. public Classes() {
11. super();
12. }
14. public Integer getId() {
15. return id;
16. }
18. public void setId(Integer id) {
19. this.id = id;
20. }
22. public String getName() {
23. return name;
24. }
26. public void setName(String name) {
27. this.name = name;
28. }
30. public Set<Students> getStudents() {
31. return students;
32. }
34. public void setStudents(Set<Students> students) {
35. this.students = students;
36. }
38. }

package com.tao.hibernate.one2many;

import java.util.Set;

public class Classes {
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private Set<Students> students;

	public Classes() {
		super();
	}

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Set<Students> getStudents() {
		return students;
	}

	public void setStudents(Set<Students> students) {
		this.students = students;
	}

}

Students.java代码

1. package com.tao.hibernate.one2many;
3. public class Students {
4. private Integer id;
5. private String name;
6. private Classes classes;
8. public Students() {
9. super();
10. }
12. public Integer getId() {
13. return id;
14. }
16. public void setId(Integer id) {
17. this.id = id;
18. }
20. public String getName() {
21. return name;
22. }
24. public void setName(String name) {
25. this.name = name;
26. }
28. public Classes getClasses() {
29. return classes;
30. }
32. public void setClasses(Classes classes) {
33. this.classes = classes;
34. }
36. }

package com.tao.hibernate.one2many;

public class Students {
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private Classes classes;

	public Students() {
		super();
	}

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Classes getClasses() {
		return classes;
	}

	public void setClasses(Classes classes) {
		this.classes = classes;
	}

}

二：映射文件：

Classes.hbm.xml代码

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
3. "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
5. <hibernate-mapping package="com.tao.hibernate.one2many">
6. <class name="Classes" table="t_classes">
7. <id name="id" column="id" type="integer">
8. <generator class="native" />
9. </id>
10. <property name="name" column="name" />
11. <set name="students">
12. <key column="classId"/>
13. <one-to-many class="Students"/>
14. </set>
15. </class>
16. </hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.tao.hibernate.one2many">
	<class name="Classes" table="t_classes">
		<id name="id" column="id" type="integer">
			<generator class="native" />
		</id>
		<property name="name" column="name" />
		<set name="students">
			<key column="classId"/>
			<one-to-many class="Students"/>
		</set>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

 

Students.hbm.xml代码

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
3. "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
5. <hibernate-mapping package="com.tao.hibernate.one2many">
6. <class name="Students" table="t_students">
7. <id name="id" column="id" type="integer">
8. <generator class="native" />
9. </id>
10. <property name="name" column="name" />
11. </class>
12. </hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.tao.hibernate.one2many">
	<class name="Students" table="t_students">
		<id name="id" column="id" type="integer">
			<generator class="native" />
		</id>
		<property name="name" column="name" />
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

三：测试类：

Testmain.java代码

1. package com.tao.hibernate.one2many;
3. import java.util.HashSet;
4. import java.util.Iterator;
5. import java.util.Set;
7. import org.hibernate.Session;
8. import org.hibernate.Transaction;
9. import org.junit.Test;
11. import com.tao.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
13. public class TestMain {
14. Session session = HibernateUtils.getFactory().openSession();
16. @Test
17. public void testSave() {
18. Students s1 = new Students();
19. s1.setName("tao");
21. Students s2 = new Students();
22. s2.setName("war");
24. Classes c = new Classes();
25. c.setName("148班");
26. Set<Students> students = new HashSet<Students>();
27. students.add(s1);
28. students.add(s2);
29. c.setStudents(students);
31. Transaction ts = session.beginTransaction();
32. ts.begin();
33. session.save(s1);
34. session.save(s2);
35. session.save(c);
36. ts.commit();
37. }
39. @Test
40. public void testLoad() {
41. Session session = HibernateUtils.getFactory().openSession();
42. Classes c = (Classes) session.load(Classes.class, 1);
43. for (Iterator<Students> iter = c.getStudents().iterator(); iter
44. .hasNext();) {
45. System.out.println(iter.next().getName());
46. }
47. }
49. }

2 Hibernate的一对多和多对一双向关联映射

核心代码：

<many-to-one name="classes" column="classesId"/>

<set name="students" inverse="true" cascade="all">
<key column="classesId" />
<one-to-many class="Students" />
</set>

 

hihernate一对多关联映射（双向Classes<----->Student）

一对多双向关联映射：
* 在一一端的集合上使用<key>，在对方表中加入一个外键指向一一端
* 在多一端采用<many-to-one>

注意：<key>标签指定的外键字段必须和<many-to-one>指定的外键字段一致，否则引用字段的错误

如果在”一“一端维护一对多关联关系，hibernate会发出多余的udpate语句，所以我们一般在多
的一端来维护关联关系

关于inverse属性：
inverse主要用在一对多和多对多双向关联上，inverse可以被设置到集合标签<set>上，
默认inverse为false，所以我们可以从”一“一端和”多“一端维护关联关系，
如果设置成inverse为true，则我们只能从多一端来维护关联关系

注意：inverse属性，只影响数据的存储，也就是持久化

inverse和cascade
* inverse是关联关系的控制方向
* cascade操作上的连锁反应

 

一：实体类：

Classes.java代码

1. package com.tao.hibernate.one2many2;
3. import java.util.Set;
5. public class Classes {
6. private Integer id;
7. private String name;
8. private Set<Students> students;
10. public Classes() {
11. super();
12. }
14. public Integer getId() {
15. return id;
16. }
18. public void setId(Integer id) {
19. this.id = id;
20. }
22. public String getName() {
23. return name;
24. }
26. public void setName(String name) {
27. this.name = name;
28. }
30. public Set<Students> getStudents() {
31. return students;
32. }
34. public void setStudents(Set<Students> students) {
35. this.students = students;
36. }
38. }

package com.tao.hibernate.one2many2;

import java.util.Set;

public class Classes {
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private Set<Students> students;

	public Classes() {
		super();
	}

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Set<Students> getStudents() {
		return students;
	}

	public void setStudents(Set<Students> students) {
		this.students = students;
	}

}

 

Students.java代码

1. package com.tao.hibernate.one2many2;
3. public class Students {
4. private Integer id;
5. private String name;
6. private Classes classes;
8. public Students() {
9. super();
10. }
12. public Integer getId() {
13. return id;
14. }
16. public void setId(Integer id) {
17. this.id = id;
18. }
20. public String getName() {
21. return name;
22. }
24. public void setName(String name) {
25. this.name = name;
26. }
28. public Classes getClasses() {
29. return classes;
30. }
32. public void setClasses(Classes classes) {
33. this.classes = classes;
34. }
36. }

package com.tao.hibernate.one2many2;

public class Students {
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private Classes classes;

	public Students() {
		super();
	}

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Classes getClasses() {
		return classes;
	}

	public void setClasses(Classes classes) {
		this.classes = classes;
	}

}

 

二：映射文件：

Classes.hbm.xml代码

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
3. "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
5. <hibernate-mapping package="com.tao.hibernate.one2many2" auto-import="false">
6. <class name="Classes" table="t_classes">
7. <id name="id" column="id" type="integer">
8. <generator class="native" />
9. </id>
10. <property name="name" column="name" />
11. <set name="students" inverse="true" cascade="all">
12. <key column="classesId" />
13. <one-to-many class="Students" />
14. </set>
15. </class>
16. </hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.tao.hibernate.one2many2" auto-import="false">
	<class name="Classes" table="t_classes">
		<id name="id" column="id" type="integer">
			<generator class="native" />
		</id>
		<property name="name" column="name" />
		<set name="students" inverse="true" cascade="all">
			<key column="classesId" />
			<one-to-many class="Students" />
		</set>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

 

Students.hbm.xml代码

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
3. "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
5. <hibernate-mapping package="com.tao.hibernate.one2many2" auto-import="false">
6. <class name="Students" table="t_students">
7. <id name="id" column="id" type="integer">
8. <generator class="native" />
9. </id>
10. <property name="name" column="name" />
11. <many-to-one name="classes" column="classesId"/>
12. </class>
13. </hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.tao.hibernate.one2many2" auto-import="false">
	<class name="Students" table="t_students">
		<id name="id" column="id" type="integer">
			<generator class="native" />
		</id>
		<property name="name" column="name" />
		<many-to-one name="classes" column="classesId"/>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

 

三：测试类：

Testmain.java代码

1. package com.tao.hibernate.one2many2;
3. import java.util.HashSet;
4. import java.util.Iterator;
5. import java.util.Set;
7. import org.hibernate.Session;
8. import org.hibernate.Transaction;
9. import org.junit.Test;
11. import com.tao.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
13. public class TestMain {
14. Session session = HibernateUtils.getFactory().openSession();
16. @Test
17. public void testSave() {
18. Students s1 = new Students();
19. s1.setName("tao");
21. Students s2 = new Students();
22. s2.setName("war");
24. Classes c = new Classes();
25. c.setName("148班");
26. Set<Students> students = new HashSet<Students>();
27. students.add(s1);
28. students.add(s2);
29. c.setStudents(students);
31. s1.setClasses(c);
32. s2.setClasses(c);
34. Transaction ts = session.beginTransaction();
35. ts.begin();
36. session.save(c);
37. ts.commit();
38. }
40. @Test
41. public void testLoad() {
42. Session session = HibernateUtils.getFactory().openSession();
43. Classes c = (Classes) session.load(Classes.class, 1);
44. for (Iterator<Students> iter = c.getStudents().iterator(); iter
45. .hasNext();) {
46. System.out.println(iter.next().getName());
47. }
48. }
50. @Test
51. public void testLoad2() {
52. Session session = HibernateUtils.getFactory().openSession();
53. Students s = (Students) session.load(Students.class, 1);
54. System.out.println(s.getName());
55. System.out.println(s.getClasses().getName());
56. }
58. }

3.Hibernate的多对多单向关联映射  

 

 

hibernate多对多关联映射(单向User---->Role)

具体映射方式：
<set name="roles" table="t_user_role">
<key column="userid"/>
<many-to-many class="Role" column="roleid"/>
</set>

 

一：实体类：

Role.java代码

1. package com.tao.hibernate.many2many;
3. public class Role {
4. private Integer id;
5. private String name;
7. public Role() {
8. super();
9. }
11. public Integer getId() {
12. return id;
13. }
15. public void setId(Integer id) {
16. this.id = id;
17. }
19. public String getName() {
20. return name;
21. }
23. public void setName(String name) {
24. this.name = name;
25. }
27. }

package com.tao.hibernate.many2many;

public class Role {
	private Integer id;
	private String name;

	public Role() {
		super();
	}

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

}

 

User.java代码

1. package com.tao.hibernate.many2many;
3. import java.util.Set;
5. public class User {
6. private Integer id;
7. private String name;
8. private Set<Role> roles;
10. public User() {
11. super();
12. }
14. public Integer getId() {
15. return id;
16. }
18. public void setId(Integer id) {
19. this.id = id;
20. }
22. public String getName() {
23. return name;
24. }
26. public void setName(String name) {
27. this.name = name;
28. }
30. public Set<Role> getRoles() {
31. return roles;
32. }
34. public void setRoles(Set<Role> roles) {
35. this.roles = roles;
36. }
37. }

package com.tao.hibernate.many2many;

import java.util.Set;

public class User {
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private Set<Role> roles;

	public User() {
		super();
	}

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Set<Role> getRoles() {
		return roles;
	}

	public void setRoles(Set<Role> roles) {
		this.roles = roles;
	}
}

 

二：映射文件：

Role.hbm.xml代码

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
3. "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
5. <hibernate-mapping package="com.tao.hibernate.many2many">
6. <class name="Role" table="t_role">
7. <id name="id" column="id" type="integer">
8. <generator class="native">
9. </generator>
10. </id>
11. <property name="name" column="name" />
13. </class>
14. </hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.tao.hibernate.many2many">
	<class name="Role" table="t_role">
		<id name="id" column="id" type="integer">
			<generator class="native">
			</generator>
		</id>
		<property name="name" column="name" />
		
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

 

User.hbm.xml代码

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
3. "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
5. <hibernate-mapping package="com.tao.hibernate.many2many"
6. auto-import="false">
7. <class name="User" table="t_user">
8. <id name="id" column="id" type="integer">
9. <generator class="native">
10. </generator>
11. </id>
12. <property name="name" column="name" />
13. <set name="roles" table="t_user_role" cascade="all">
14. <key column="userId" />
15. <many-to-many class="Role" column="roleId" />
16. </set>
17. </class>
18. </hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.tao.hibernate.many2many"
	auto-import="false">
	<class name="User" table="t_user">
		<id name="id" column="id" type="integer">
			<generator class="native">
			</generator>
		</id>
		<property name="name" column="name" />
		<set name="roles" table="t_user_role" cascade="all">
			<key column="userId" />
			<many-to-many class="Role" column="roleId" />
		</set>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

 

三：测试类：

Testmain.java代码

1. package com.tao.hibernate.many2many;
3. import java.util.HashSet;
4. import java.util.Iterator;
5. import java.util.Set;
7. import org.hibernate.Session;
8. import org.hibernate.Transaction;
9. import org.junit.Test;
11. import com.tao.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
13. public class TestMain {
14. Session session = HibernateUtils.getFactory().openSession();
16. @Test
17. public void testSave() {
18. User u1 = new User();
19. u1.setName("u1");
20. User u2 = new User();
21. u2.setName("u2");
22. User u3 = new User();
23. u3.setName("u3");
25. Role r1 = new Role();
26. r1.setName("admin");
27. Role r2 = new Role();
28. r2.setName("guest");
30. Set<Role> roles1 = new HashSet<Role>();
31. roles1.add(r1);
32. Set<Role> roles2 = new HashSet<Role>();
33. roles2.add(r2);
34. Set<Role> roles3 = new HashSet<Role>();
35. roles3.add(r1);
36. roles3.add(r2);
38. u1.setRoles(roles1);
39. u2.setRoles(roles2);
40. u3.setRoles(roles3);
42. Transaction ts = session.beginTransaction();
43. ts.begin();
44. session.save(u1);
45. session.save(u2);
46. session.save(u3);
47. ts.commit();
48. }
50. @Test
51. public void testLoad() {
52. Session session = HibernateUtils.getFactory().openSession();
53. User u1 = (User) session.load(User.class, 1);
54. System.out.println(u1.getName());
55. for (Iterator<Role> iter = u1.getRoles().iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {
56. System.out.println(iter.next().getName());
57. }
58. }
60. }