python–opencv的基本使用
安装
pip install opencv-python
引用
import cv2
常用函数
读图片:
原型
Python:retval=cv.imread(filename[, flags])
image = cv2.imread(full_path_i)
imread flag参数 | |
---|---|
IMREAD_UNCHANGED Python: cv.IMREAD_UNCHANGED | If set, return the loaded image as is (with alpha channel, otherwise it gets cropped). |
IMREAD_GRAYSCALE Python: cv.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE | If set, always convert image to the single channel grayscale image (codec internal conversion). |
IMREAD_COLOR Python: cv.IMREAD_COLOR | If set, always convert image to the 3 channel BGR color image. |
IMREAD_ANYDEPTH Python: cv.IMREAD_ANYDEPTH | If set, return 16-bit/32-bit image when the input has the corresponding depth, otherwise convert it to 8-bit. |
IMREAD_ANYCOLOR Python: cv.IMREAD_ANYCOLOR | If set, the image is read in any possible color format. |
IMREAD_LOAD_GDAL Python: cv.IMREAD_LOAD_GDAL | If set, use the gdal driver for loading the image. |
IMREAD_REDUCED_GRAYSCALE_2 Python: cv.IMREAD_REDUCED_GRAYSCALE_2 | If set, always convert image to the single channel grayscale image and the image size reduced 1/2. |
IMREAD_REDUCED_COLOR_2 Python: cv.IMREAD_REDUCED_COLOR_2 | If set, always convert image to the 3 channel BGR color image and the image size reduced 1/2. |
IMREAD_REDUCED_GRAYSCALE_4 Python: cv.IMREAD_REDUCED_GRAYSCALE_4 | If set, always convert image to the single channel grayscale image and the image size reduced 1/4. |
IMREAD_REDUCED_COLOR_4 Python: cv.IMREAD_REDUCED_COLOR_4 | If set, always convert image to the 3 channel BGR color image and the image size reduced 1/4. |
IMREAD_REDUCED_GRAYSCALE_8 Python: cv.IMREAD_REDUCED_GRAYSCALE_8 | If set, always convert image to the single channel grayscale image and the image size reduced 1/8. |
IMREAD_REDUCED_COLOR_8 Python: cv.IMREAD_REDUCED_COLOR_8 | If set, always convert image to the 3 channel BGR color image and the image size reduced 1/8. |
IMREAD_IGNORE_ORIENTATION Python: cv.IMREAD_IGNORE_ORIENTATION | If set, do not rotate the image according to EXIF’s orientation flag. |
存照片:
Pyhton:retval=cv.imwrite(filename, img[, params])
cv2.imwrite(img_path+'/out/'+file_name+'line_'+str(line_c)+'.png', image)
图片宽高:
h w:image.shape[0],image.shape[1]
图片的crop
示例代码:
x1 = int(image.shape[1]/5)
x2 = int(image.shape[1]*4/5)
y1 = int(image.shape[0]*3/4)
y2 = int(image.shape[0])
hight = int((y2 - y1)/2)
width = x2 - x1
crop_img= image[y1:y1+hight, x1:x1+width]
颜色转换cvtColor
python: dst=cv.cvtColor(src, code[, dst[, dstCn]])
参数:
ColorConversionCodes
示例代码:
gray = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
raw域颜色转换
cv::COLOR_BayerBG2RGB = COLOR_BayerRG2BGR, //RGGB
cv::COLOR_BayerGB2RGB = COLOR_BayerGR2BGR, //GRGB
cv::COLOR_BayerRG2RGB = COLOR_BayerBG2BGR, //BGGR
cv::COLOR_BayerGR2RGB = COLOR_BayerGB2BGR, //GBGR
画线
cv2.line(image, (x1, y1), (x2, y2), (255, 0, 0), 1)
canny边缘线
edges = cv2.Canny(gray, 5, 15, apertureSize=3) # apertureSize参数默认其实就是3
HoughLinesP直线检测
lines = cv2.HoughLinesP(edges, 3, np.pi / 180, 60, minLineLength=200, maxLineGap=10)
if lines is not None:
for line in lines:
x1, y1, x2, y2 = line[0]
Proj
png 贴图
org_img = cv2.imread('org.png') #背景
img_apple = cv2.imread('apple.png') #前景小图
rows, cols = img_apple.shape[:2]
h, w = org_img.shape[:2]
roi_org = org_img[:h, :w]
roi_targ = org_img[500:500+rows, 500:500+cols] #指定区域做融合
# 创建掩膜
img2gray = cv2.imread('apple.png',0)
ret, mask = cv2.threshold(img2gray, 10, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
mask_inv = cv2.bitwise_not(mask)
# 保留除logo外的背景
img1_bg = cv2.bitwise_and(roi_targ, roi_targ, mask=mask_inv) #腐蚀处理
img_out = cv2.add(img1_bg, img_apple) # 进行融合
#img_out = cv2.add(img,0, img_apple,1, 1)
org_img[500:500+rows, 500:500+cols] = img_out
cv2.imwrite('out.png',org_img)