Linux下更换为阿里yum源

1、yum源的工作原理

yum是为了解决安装包的依赖关系而生的，如果要源码安装一个软件，需要频繁下载各个包，并解决包的依赖关系。这就好比学门课程，要学会这门课程，就要读课程相关的书，初级——中级——高级，一层一层学上去。现在，如果要学习高级的课本，首先要找到并学习初级的课本，如果初级的课本还要有基础知识，还要一层一层的找下去。那现在有两个图书馆，你所要学习的书都在其中，一个图书馆中的书是一本本放置的，相互之间没有关系，你要什么书取什么书；一个图书馆，书与书之间是有索引连接的，当你要学习一门课程时，它会自动把相关书籍全部提供给你，前者好比官网，后者就是yum源；

2、yum的工作机制

服务器端：在服务器上面存放了所有的RPM软件包，包与包之间有索引链接
客户端：如果需要安装某个软件时，先下载服务器上面记录的依赖性关系文件(可通过WWW或FTP方式)，通过对服务器端下载的纪录数据进行分析，然后取得所有相关的软件，一次全部下载下来进行安装。

3、配置阿里yum源

> [root@zabbix /]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

> [root@zabbix yum.repos.d]# vim CentOS-Base.repo

> 复制粘贴下面内容:

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
  
[base]
name=CentOS-6.9 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6.9/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/6.9/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.9&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
  
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-6.9 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6.9/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/6.9/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.9&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
  
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-6.9 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6.9/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/6.9/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.9&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
  
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-6.9 - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6.9/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/6.9/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.9&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
  
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-6.9 - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6.9/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/6.9/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.9&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6</span>

>[root@zabbix yum.repos.d]# yum clean all  --清空yum缓存的软件包和header
>[root@zabbix yum.repos.d]## yum makecache  --把yum源中的包信息进行缓存