python基础--8.字典

'''
字典的键和值可以比较任意的选取，不限制数据类型
'''
#定义字典
d = {'apple':3,'pen':7,'applepen':10}
d2 = {1:'a',2:'d',5:'b'}
d3 = {1.2:3'a':3.5,1:'aaa'}
print(d)
print(d2)
print(d3)
out:
{'apple':3,'pen':7,'applepen':10}
{1:'a',2:'d',5:'b'}
{1.2:3'a':3.5,1:'aaa'}
#字典是没有顺序的容器,是混乱的，不像列表和元组
print(d2[2])
out:d
#定义字典
d4 = {'a':[1,2,3,4],'b':[1,2,3,4],'c':{'aa':1,2:'bb'}}
print(d4['c']['aa'])
out:1
#修改key对应的值
d['pen'] = 10
print(d)
out:{'apple':3,'pen':10,'applepen':10}
#新增一个键值对，字典是没有顺序的容器
d['aaaa'] = 100
print(d)
out:{'apple':3,'aaaa':100,'pen':10,'applepen':10}
#删除一个键值对
del d['aaaa']
print(d)
out:{'apple':3,'pen':10,'applepen':10}
# for 循环遍历整个字典的键值对
for key,value in d.items():
	print('key:',key,'\t','value:',value)
out:
key:apple	value:3
key:pen		value:10
key:applepen	value:10
#遍历整个字典的键
for key in d.keys():
	print('key:',key)
out:
key:apple
key:pen
key:applepen
#遍历整个字典的值
for value in d.values():
	print('value:',value)
out:
value:3
value:10
value:10
#将字典中的键排序
for key in sorted(d2.keys()):
	print('key:',key)
out:
key:1
key:2
key:5