globals()和locals() global和nonlocal

目录

globals()和locals()

易混淆：global和nonlocal

---

globals()和locals()

globals():以字典类型返回当前位置的全部全局变量

locals():以字典类型返回当前位置的全部局部变量

a = 1
print(globals())

def f():
    a = 2
    print(locals()) 
f()
'''
{'__name__': '__main__', '__doc__': None, '__package__': None, '__loader__': <_frozen_importlib_external.SourceFileLoader object at 0x00000000020E1CF8>, '__spec__': None, '__annotations__': {}, '__builtins__': <module 'builtins' (built-in)>, '__file__': '文件的位置', '__cached__': None, 'a': 1}
{'a': 2}
'''

易混淆：global和nonlocal

global：声明全局变量

a = 1
def f():
    a = 2
    print(a)
f()
print(a)

a = 1
def f():
    global a
    a = 2
    print(a)
f()
print(a)
'''
2
1
2
2
'''

nonlocal 只能用于局部变量 影响的是离当前声明nonlocal最近的变量

a = 1
def f():
    a = 2
    def f1():
        a = 3
        def f2():
            nonlocal a
            a += 1
        f2()
        print('##a##',a)
    f1()
    print('**a**', a)
f()
print('全局：',a)
'''
##a## 4
**a** 2
全局： 1
'''