驱动的分隔,就是将主机驱动和设备驱动分隔开来,可参考如下图
如下以led为例子讲解。
1、led_bus_dev.c
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/version.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
#include <linux/ioport.h>
#include <linux/of.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
/* 分配/设置/注册一个 platform_device */
// 操作管脚为gpio3_2
// 管脚复用寄存器默认为gpio,这里就不去操作了
static struct resource led_resource[] = {
[0] = {
.start = 0x12143000,
.end = 0x12143000 + 8 - 1,
.flags = IORESOURCE_MEM,
},
[1] = {
.start = 0x010,
.end = 0x400,
.flags = IORESOURCE_IRQ,
}
};
static void led_release(struct device *dev)
{
}
static struct platform_device led_dev = {
.name = "myled",
.id = -1,
.num_resources = ARRAY_SIZE(led_resource),
.resource = led_resource,
.dev = {
.release = led_release,
},
};
static int led_dev_init(void)
{
platform_device_register(&led_dev);
return 0;
}
static void led_dev_exit(void)
{
platform_device_unregister(&led_dev);
}
module_init(led_dev_init);
module_exit(led_dev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
2、led_bus_drv.c
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/version.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/pm.h>
#include <linux/sysctl.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/input.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
int major;
static void __iomem *led_base; //寄存器基地址
static void __iomem *led_dir; //方向
static struct class *leddrv_class;
static struct device *leddrv_class_dev;
#define gpio_out 0x4 //gpio3_2 配置为输出,1输出 0输入def
#define gpio_out_h 0xFF
#define gpio_out_l 0x00
static int led_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
iowrite8(gpio_out, led_dir);
printk("set gpio out mode\n");
return 0;
}
static int led_drv_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
int val;
__copy_from_user(&val, buf, count); //用户到内核,__copy_to_user();//内核到用户
if (val == 1)
{
iowrite8(gpio_out_h, led_base);
printk("set gpio out h\n");
}
else
{
iowrite8(gpio_out_l, led_base);
printk("set gpio out l\n");
}
return 0;
}
static struct file_operations led_drv_fops =
{
.owner = THIS_MODULE, //这是一个宏,推向编译模块时自动创建的__this_module变量
.open = led_drv_open,
.write = led_drv_write,
};
static int led_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
struct resource *res;
printk("led driver and device has matched!\r\n");
/* 根据platform_device的资源进行ioremap */
res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 0);
led_base = ioremap(res->start, res->end - res->start + 1);
res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ, 0);
led_dir = led_base + res->end;
led_base = led_base + res->start;
printk("led_base = 0x%x, led_dir = 0x%x\n", (unsigned int)led_base, (unsigned int)led_dir);
/* 注册字符设备驱动程序 */
major = register_chrdev(0, "myled", &led_drv_fops); // 注册, 告诉内核
leddrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "myled");
leddrv_class_dev = device_create(leddrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "led"); //dev/led
return 0;
}
static int led_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
printk("led_remove, remove led\n");
unregister_chrdev(major, "myled");
device_unregister(leddrv_class_dev);
class_destroy(leddrv_class);
iounmap(led_base); //取消物理地址的映射
return 0;
}
struct platform_driver led_drv = {
.probe = led_probe,
.remove = led_remove,
.driver = {
.name = "myled",
}};
static int led_drv_init(void)
{
platform_driver_register(&led_drv);
return 0;
}
static void led_drv_exit(void)
{
platform_driver_unregister(&led_drv);
}
module_init(led_drv_init);
module_exit(led_drv_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
3、test_led_bus_drv.c
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int fd;
int val=1;
fd = open("/dev/led", O_RDWR); //打开设备
if(fd < 0)
printf("can`t open!\n");
if(argc != 2)
{
printf("Usage :\n");
printf("%s <on|off>\n", argv[0]);
return 0;
}
if (strcmp(argv[1], "on") == 0)
{
val = 1;
}
else
{
val = 0;
}
write(fd, &val, 4);
return 0;
}
4、测试
/ # ls dev/led
dev/led
/ # ls sys/bus/platform/devices/myled/
driver modalias subsystem
driver_override power uevent
/ # ls sys/bus/platform/drivers/myled/
bind module myled uevent unbind
/ # ./test_led_bus_drv on
set gpio out mode
set gpio out h
/ # ./test_led_bus_drv off
set gpio out mode
set gpio out l