成功要素：富兰克林的13条必要美德！与狗熊掰棒子

最新推荐文章于 2021-05-19 04:18:49 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-05-19 04:18:49 发布

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分类专栏：生活黑客文章标签：富兰克林13 富兰克林13条美德狗熊掰棒子

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富兰克林的“十三条修身计划”(Benjamin Franklin 13-point plan for honest living)

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These names of virtues, with their precepts, were:

TEMPERANCE. Eat not to dullness; drink not to elevation.
一、节制，食不过饱，饮酒不醉。
SILENCE. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation.
二、少言，言必于人于已有益，避免无益的闲聊。
ORDER. Let all your things have their places; let each part of your business have its time.
三、秩序，每样东西应放在一定的地方，每件事物应有一定的时限。
RESOLUTION. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without fail what you resolve.
四、决心，当做必做，决定之事，持之不懈。
FRUGALITY. Make no expense but to do good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing.
五、节俭，于人于已有利之事方可花费，勿浪费一切东西。
INDUSTRY. Lose no time; be always employed in something useful; cut off all unnecessary actions.
六、勤勉，勿浪费时间，时刻做些有用的事，杜绝一切不必要的行动。
SINCERITY. Use no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if you speak, speak accordingly.
七、诚实，不虚伪骗人，思想要公正纯洁，讲话亦如此。
JUSTICE. Wrong none by doing injuries, or omitting the benefits that are your duty.
八、公正，不做有损他人的事，不要忘记你应尽的义务，做对人有益之事。
MODERATION. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so much as you think they deserve.
九、中庸，不走极端，容忍别人给予的伤害，将此视作应该承受之事。
CLEANLINESS. Tolerate no uncleanness in body, cloths, or habitation.
十、清洁，力求身体、衣服和住所整洁。
TRANQUILLITY. Be not disturbed at trifles, or at accidents common or unavoidable.
十一、镇静，勿因小事、平常的或不可避免的事故而惊慌失措。
CHASTITY. Rarely use venery but for health or offspring, never to dullness, weakness, or the injury of your own or another’s peace or reputation.
十二、节欲，为了健康或生育后代起见，不常行房事。切忌过度伤体，以免损害自己或他人的安宁与名誉。
HUMILITY. Imitate Jesus and Socrates.
十三、谦虚，效法耶稣和苏格拉底。

狗熊掰棒子

狗熊掰棒子的故事大意是：
狗熊走进玉米地里，掰了个棒子夹到腋下，走了几步又掰了个棒子夹到腋下，但原先的棒子却掉了。狗熊在玉米地里忙活了半天，最终手上就只有一两个棒子。

总结

要做有积累的事情，就算袋鼠🦘蹦的很高，每次都会到原地，没有积累，也上不了天。鸟儿飞的时候，择木而息，最终可以飞上天。

对于如何获得这些美德，富兰克林的建议是：

My intention being to acquire the habitude of all these virtues, I judg’d it would be well not to distract my attention by attempting the whole at once, but to fix it on one of them at a time; and, when I should be master of that, then to proceed to another, and so on, till I should have gone thro’ the thirteen; and, as the previous acquisition of some might facilitate the acquisition of certain others, I arrang’d them with that view, as they stand above. Temperance first, as it tends to procure that coolness and clearness of head, which is so necessary where constant vigilance was to be kept up, and guard maintained against the unremitting attraction of ancient habits, and the force of perpetual temptations. This being acquir’d and establish’d, Silence would be more easy; and my desire being to gain knowledge at the same time that I improv’d in virtue, and considering that in conversation it was obtain’d rather by the use of the ears than of the tongue, and therefore wishing to break a habit I was getting into of prattling, punning, and joking, which only made me acceptable to trifling company, I gave Silence the second place.
我的目的是想养成这一切美德的习惯，所以我认为，为了不至于分散注意力，最好还是不要立刻全面去尝试，而是在一段时期内集中精力于其中某一个。当我掌握了那项美德之后，接着再开始注意另外一项，如此这样，直到我做到了13条为止。因为先获得的一些美德可以方便其他美德的培养，所以我就按照这个主张把它们排列起来，就像上面的次序那样。“节制”被我放在第一位，因为它可以使我保持头脑冷静和思想清楚。为了保持经常性的警惕，抵抗旧习惯不断的吸引力和无穷无尽的诱惑力，这种冷静的头脑和清晰的思想是大有必要的。在获得和养成了这项美德之后，养成“沉默”的美德就容易得多了。在改进品德的同时，我还想增进知识；而且我认为，在谈话时与其用嘴，还不如用耳朵更能增进知识，因此我想打破我当时正在形成的喜欢喋喋不休、爱说俏皮话、喜欢开玩笑的习惯，这种习惯只能使我和轻浮的人为伍，因此我将“沉默”放在第二位。