python 字典获取value及遍历字典

一、字典获取value：

dic = {'key1':'value1','key2':'value2'}

1. dic[key1]

2.get()方法获取value：

get() 的第一个参数用于指定键，是必不可少的；第二个参数 为指定的键不存在时要返回的值，是可选的：

dic = {'key1':'value1','key2':'value2'}

value = dic.get('key1','No value assigned')
>>> print(value)
value1
>>> value = dic.get('key3','No value assigned')
>>> print(value)
No value assigned

如果没有指定第二个参数且指定的键不存在，将返回None,表示没有相应的值。

二、for循环遍历字典

1. 遍历键和值：

dic = {'key1':'value1','key2':'value2','key3':'value3','key4':'value4','key5':'value5','key6':'value6'}
>>> for key,value in dic.items():
        print(f"\nKey:{key}")
        print(f"Value:{value}")
>>> Key:key1
Value:value1

Key:key2
Value:value2

Key:key3
Value:value3

Key:key4
Value:value4

Key:key5
Value:value5

Key:key6
Value:value6

2. 只遍历键：

>>> for key in dic.keys():
...     print(key.title())
...
Key1
Key2
Key3
Key4
Key5
Key6

3. 只遍历值：

>>> for value in dic.values():
...     print(value)
...
value1
value2
value3
value4
value5
value6

遍历值时，去除重复项：

>>> dic = {'key1':'value6','key2':'value2','key3':'value3','key4':'value4','key5':'value5','key6':'value6'}
>>> for value in set(dic.values()):
...     print(value)
...
value4
value3
value5
value6
value2

遍历值时,对值进行排序：for value in sorted(dic.values())