Redhat7离线级到Redhat8

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已于 2023-11-30 11:21:05 修改

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分类专栏： linux 文章标签： linux 运维服务器

于 2023-11-29 17:41:15 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zh_132106/article/details/134695130

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环境准备

当前版本：redhat7.8
目标版本：redhat8.8

# 环境信息
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-1127.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Feb 18 16:39:12 EST 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost ~]# more /etc/redhat-release 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.8 (Maipo)
# 升级所需的iso文件和升级软件leapp
[root@localhost ~]# ls -lh /app/
total 16G
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6.8M Nov 25 20:03 packages.zip #升级需要的rpm软件包
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  11G Nov 25 20:09 rhel-8.8-x86_64-dvd.iso
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4.3G Nov 25 20:04 rhel-server-7.9-x86_64-dvd.iso

1、Redhat7.8升至7.9

使用7.9 iso文件做本地yum源升级

# 挂载镜像文件
[root@localhost ~]# mount /app/rhel-server-7.9-x86_64-dvd.iso /mnt/
mount: /dev/loop0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@localhost ~]# df -h /mnt/
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/loop0      4.3G  4.3G     0 100% /mnt
# 编辑repo文件
[root@localhost ~]# tee >>/etc/yum.repos.d/local-iso-centos-7.repo <<EOF
> [centos7-local]
> name=Centos7
> baseurl=file:///mnt/
> enabled=1
> gpgcheck=0
> EOF
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/local-iso-centos-7.repo 
[centos7-local]
name=Centos7
baseurl=file:///mnt/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
# 升级
[root@localhost ~]# yum upgrade -y
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.

centos7-local 
[......]
Complete!
# 重启
[root@localhost ~]# reboot
# 查看升级结果
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Aug 18 14:50:17 EDT 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost ~]# more /etc/redhat-release 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.9 (Maipo)

2、Redhat7.9升至8.8

安装升级所需软件

# 解压package
[root@localhost app]# unzip packages.zip
[root@localhost app]# ls
audit-2.8.5-4.el7.x86_64.rpm                      leapp-upgrade-el7toel8-deps-0.19.0-1.el7_9.noarch.rpm  libyaml-0.1.4-11.el7_0.x86_64.rpm             python-chardet-2.2.1-3.el7.noarch.rpm
audit-libs-2.8.5-4.el7.x86_64.rpm                 libcgroup-0.41-21.el7.x86_64.rpm                       packages.zip                                  python-enum34-1.0.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
audit-libs-python-2.8.5-4.el7.x86_64.rpm          libcomps-0.1.8-14.el7.x86_64.rpm                       pciutils-3.5.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm               python-IPy-0.75-6.el7.noarch.rpm
checkpolicy-2.5-8.el7.x86_64.rpm                  libdnf-0.22.5-2.el7_9.x86_64.rpm                       policycoreutils-2.5-34.el7.x86_64.rpm         python-requests-2.6.0-10.el7.noarch.rpm
dnf-4.0.9.2-2.el7_9.noarch.rpm                    libmodulemd-1.6.3-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                     policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64.rpm  python-urllib3-1.10.2-7.el7.noarch.rpm
dnf-data-4.0.9.2-2.el7_9.noarch.rpm               librepo-1.8.1-8.el7_9.x86_64.rpm                       python2-dnf-4.0.9.2-2.el7_9.noarch.rpm        rhel-8.8-x86_64-dvd.iso
json-glib-1.4.2-2.el7.x86_64.rpm                  libreport-filesystem-2.1.11-53.el7.x86_64.rpm          python2-hawkey-0.22.5-2.el7_9.x86_64.rpm      rhel-server-7.9-x86_64-dvd.iso
leapp-0.16.0-1.el7_9.noarch.rpm                   librhsm-0.0.3-3.el7_9.x86_64.rpm                       python2-leapp-0.16.0-1.el7_9.noarch.rpm       setools-libs-3.3.8-4.el7.x86_64.rpm
leapp-deps-0.16.0-1.el7_9.noarch.rpm              libsemanage-python-2.5-14.el7.x86_64.rpm               python2-libcomps-0.1.8-14.el7.x86_64.rpm
leapp-upgrade-el7toel8-0.19.0-1.el7_9.noarch.rpm  libsolv-0.6.34-4.el7.x86_64.rpm                        python2-libdnf-0.22.5-2.el7_9.x86_64.rpm
# 安装软件包
[root@localhost app]# yum localinstall *
[......]
Install  27 Packages

Total size: 27 M
Installed size: 27 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
[......]
Installed:
  audit-libs-python.x86_64 0:2.8.5-4.el7              checkpolicy.x86_64 0:2.5-8.el7                           dnf.noarch 0:4.0.9.2-2.el7_9               
  dnf-data.noarch 0:4.0.9.2-2.el7_9                   leapp.noarch 0:0.16.0-1.el7_9                            leapp-deps.noarch 0:0.16.0-1.el7_9         
  leapp-upgrade-el7toel8.noarch 0:0.19.0-1.el7_9      leapp-upgrade-el7toel8-deps.noarch 0:0.19.0-1.el7_9      libcgroup.x86_64 0:0.41-21.el7             
  libcomps.x86_64 0:0.1.8-14.el7                      libdnf.x86_64 0:0.22.5-2.el7_9                           libmodulemd.x86_64 0:1.6.3-1.el7           
  librepo.x86_64 0:1.8.1-8.el7_9                      librhsm.x86_64 0:0.0.3-3.el7_9                           libsemanage-python.x86_64 0:2.5-14.el7     
  libsolv.x86_64 0:0.6.34-4.el7                       policycoreutils-python.x86_64 0:2.5-34.el7               python-IPy.noarch 0:0.75-6.el7             
  python-enum34.noarch 0:1.0.4-1.el7                  python-requests.noarch 0:2.6.0-10.el7                    python-urllib3.noarch 0:1.10.2-7.el7       
  python2-dnf.noarch 0:4.0.9.2-2.el7_9                python2-hawkey.x86_64 0:0.22.5-2.el7_9                   python2-leapp.noarch 0:0.16.0-1.el7_9      
  python2-libcomps.x86_64 0:0.1.8-14.el7              python2-libdnf.x86_64 0:0.22.5-2.el7_9                   setools-libs.x86_64 0:3.3.8-4.el7          

Complete!
# 查看leapp是否安装成功
[root@localhost app]# leapp --version
leapp version 0.16.0

使用镜像升级

[root@localhost ~]# leapp upgrade --iso /app/rhel-8.8-x86_64-dvd.iso --no-rhsm
[......]
Debug output written to /var/log/leapp/leapp-upgrade.log

============================================================
                      REPORT OVERVIEW                       
============================================================

Upgrade has been inhibited due to the following problems:
    1. Multiple devel kernels installed
    2. Leapp detected loaded kernel drivers which have been removed in RHEL 8. Upgrade cannot proceed.
    3. Failed to determine RHEL version provided by the supplied installation image.
    4. Missing required answers in the answer file

HIGH and MEDIUM severity reports:
    1. Packages available in excluded repositories will not be installed
    2. Difference in Python versions and support in RHEL 8
    3. Packages not signed by Red Hat found on the system
    4. GRUB2 core will be automatically updated during the upgrade
    5. chrony using default configuration

Reports summary:
    Errors:                      0
    Inhibitors:                  4
    HIGH severity reports:       4
    MEDIUM severity reports:     1
    LOW severity reports:        6
    INFO severity reports:       4

Before continuing consult the full report:
    A report has been generated at /var/log/leapp/leapp-report.json
    A report has been generated at /var/log/leapp/leapp-report.txt

============================================================
                   END OF REPORT OVERVIEW                   
============================================================

Answerfile has been generated at /var/log/leapp/answerfile
[root@localhost ~]#
# 检查有Errors和Inhibitors问题时会导致升级检查不通过，本例中有4项Inhibitors
# 查看报告解决问题

解决升级检查中的问题

查看检查报告/var/log/leapp/leapp-report.txt给出的解决建议修复问题

Multiple devel kernels installed

# 需要卸载旧内核
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove kernel-devel-3.10.0-1127.el7

Leapp detected loaded kernel drivers which have been removed in RHEL 8. Upgrade cannot proceed.

# 去掉依赖的moudule
[root@localhost ~]# modprobe -r pata_acpi 
[root@localhost ~]# modprobe -r floppy

Failed to determine RHEL version provided by the supplied installation image.

上传的iso文件可能受损，重新上传一个

[root@localhost ~]# ls -lh /app/rhel-8.8-x86_64-dvd.iso
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 12G Nov 29 16:33 /app/rhel-8.8-x86_64-dvd.iso

Missing required answers in the answer file

# 设置answer文件
[root@localhost ~]# leapp answer --section remove_pam_pkcs11_module_check.confirm=True

解决这些问题之后重新执行升级

[root@localhost ~]# leapp upgrade --iso /app/rhel-8.8-x86_64-dvd.iso --no-rhsm
[......]
Install    392 Packages
Upgrade    623 Packages
Remove     123 Packages
Downgrade    7 Packages

Total size: 1.0 G
DNF will only download packages, install gpg keys, and check the transaction.
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Complete!
====> * add_upgrade_boot_entry
        Add new boot entry for Leapp provided initramfs.
A reboot is required to continue. Please reboot your system.


Debug output written to /var/log/leapp/leapp-upgrade.log

============================================================
                      REPORT OVERVIEW                       
============================================================

HIGH and MEDIUM severity reports:
    1. Packages available in excluded repositories will not be installed
    2. Packages not signed by Red Hat found on the system
    3. Difference in Python versions and support in RHEL 8
    4. GRUB2 core will be automatically updated during the upgrade
    5. chrony using default configuration
    6. Module pam_pkcs11 will be removed from PAM configuration

Reports summary:
    Errors:                      0
    Inhibitors:                  0
    HIGH severity reports:       4
    MEDIUM severity reports:     2
    LOW severity reports:        7
    INFO severity reports:       4

Before continuing consult the full report:
    A report has been generated at /var/log/leapp/leapp-report.json
    A report has been generated at /var/log/leapp/leapp-report.txt

============================================================
                   END OF REPORT OVERVIEW                   
============================================================

Answerfile has been generated at /var/log/leapp/answerfile

# 重启
[root@localhost ~]# reboot

升级后第一次重启启动时间较长，因为后台在进行升级

在这里插入图片描述

升级后系统版本检查

[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 4.18.0-477.10.1.el8_8.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Apr 5 13:35:01 EDT 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost ~]# more /etc/redhat-release 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux release 8.8 (Ootpa)

升级完成。