【pandas基础①】

什么是pandas
pandas is an open source, BSD-licensed library providing high-performance, easy-to-use data structures and data analysis tools for the Python programming language.

常用数据类型
Series 一维，带有标签的数组
DataFrame 二维 ，Series容器
In [3]:

import pandas as pd
In [4]:

from pandas import Series,DataFrame
In [5]:

import numpy as np
import string
In [10]:

t = pd.Series(data=np.arange(10),index=list(string.ascii_uppercase[:10]))
t
Out[10]:

A    0
B    1
C    2
D    3
E    4
F    5
G    6
H    7
I    8
J    9
dtype: int32
In [11]:

type(t)
Out[11]:

pandas.core.series.Series
In [12]:

Series(data=np.arange(10),index=list(string.ascii_uppercase[:10]))
Out[12]:

A    0
B    1
C    2
D    3
E    4
F    5
G    6
H    7
I    8
J    9
dtype: int32
In [13]:

a ={string.ascii_uppercase[i]:i for i in range(10)}
a
Out[13]:

{'A': 0,
 'B': 1,
 'C': 2,
 'D': 3,
 'E': 4,
 'F': 5,
 'G': 6,
 'H': 7,
 'I': 8,
 'J': 9}
In [14]:

pd.Series(a)
Out[14]:

A    0
B    1
C    2
D    3
E    4
F    5
G    6
H    7
I    8
J    9
dtype: int64
In [31]:

pd.Series(a, index=list(string.ascii_uppercase[5:15]))
# nan 为 float  not a number
Out[31]:

F    5.0
G    6.0
H    7.0
I    8.0
J    9.0
K    NaN
L    NaN
M    NaN
N    NaN
O    NaN
dtype: float64
In [32]:

t
Out[32]:

A    0
B    1
C    2
D    3
E    4
F    5
G    6
H    7
I    8
J    9
dtype: int32
In [33]:

t[2:10:2]
Out[33]:

C    2
E    4
G    6
I    8
dtype: int32
In [34]:

t[1]
Out[34]:

1
In [35]:

t[[2,3,6]]
Out[35]:

C    2
D    3
G    6
dtype: int32
In [36]:

t>4
Out[36]:

A    False
B    False
C    False
D    False
E    False
F     True
G     True
H     True
I     True
J     True
dtype: bool
In [37]:

t[t>4]
Out[37]:

F    5
G    6
H    7
I    8
J    9
dtype: int32
In [38]:

t["F"]
Out[38]:

5
In [39]:

t[["A","F","G"]]
Out[39]:

A    0
F    5
G    6
dtype: int32
In [40]:

t[["A","F","g"]] 
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\series.py:851: FutureWarning: 
Passing list-likes to .loc or [] with any missing label will raise
KeyError in the future, you can use .reindex() as an alternative.

See the documentation here:
https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/indexing.html#deprecate-loc-reindex-listlike
  return self.loc[key]
Out[40]:

A    0.0
F    5.0
g    NaN
dtype: float64
In [42]:

b =t.index
b
Out[42]:

Index(['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J'], dtype='object')
In [43]:

type(b)
Out[43]:

pandas.core.indexes.base.Index
In [46]:

c = t.values
c
Out[46]:

array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])
In [47]:

type(c)
Out[47]:

numpy.ndarray
DataFrame
通过粘贴板去创建dataframe
In [48]:

import webbrowser
In [50]:

link= "https://www.baidu.com/"
webbrowser.open(link)
Out[50]:

True
In [51]:

df = pd.read_clipboard()
df
Out[51]:


Jan 2019	Jan 2018	Change	Programming Language	Ratings	Change
0	1	1	NaN	Java	16.904%	+2.69%
1	2	2	NaN	C	13.337%	+2.30%
2	3	4	change	Python	8.294%	+3.62%
3	4	3	change	C++	8.158%	+2.55%
4	5	7	change	Visual Basic .NET	6.459%	+3.20%
5	6	6	NaN	JavaScript	3.302%	-0.16%
6	7	5	change	C#	3.284%	-0.47%
7	8	9	change	PHP	2.680%	+0.15%
8	9	-	change	SQL	2.277%	+2.28%
9	10	16	change	Objective-C	1.781%	-0.08%
In [52]:

t = pd.DataFrame(data=np.arange(12).reshape(3, 4))
t
Out[52]:


0	1	2	3
0	0	1	2	3
1	4	5	6	7
2	8	9	10	11
In [53]:

# dataframe 对象既有行索引，也有列索引
# 行索引   横向索引  index 0  轴    axis = 0
#列索引    纵向索引  columns 1轴  axis = 1
In [54]:

pd.DataFrame(data=np.arange(12).reshape(3, 4),index=list(string.ascii_lowercase[:3]),columns=list(string.ascii_uppercase[-4:]))
Out[54]:


W	X	Y	Z
a	0	1	2	3
b	4	5	6	7
c	8	9	10	11
In [56]:

d1 = {"name":["xiaoming","xiaohong"],"age":[18,20],"tel":[10086,10010]}
d1
Out[56]:

{'name': ['xiaoming', 'xiaohong'], 'age': [18, 20], 'tel': [10086, 10010]}
In [62]:

t2 = DataFrame(d1)
t2
Out[62]:


name	age	tel
0	xiaoming	18	10086
1	xiaohong	20	10010
In [60]:

type(t2)
Out[60]:

pandas.core.frame.DataFrame
In [61]:

t2.index
Out[61]:

RangeIndex(start=0, stop=2, step=1)
In [63]:

t2.columns
Out[63]:

Index(['name', 'age', 'tel'], dtype='object')
In [64]:

t2.values
Out[64]:

array([['xiaoming', 18, 10086],
       ['xiaohong', 20, 10010]], dtype=object)
In [65]:

type(t2.values)
Out[65]:

numpy.ndarray
In [66]:

t2.shape
Out[66]:

(2, 3)
In [67]:

t2.dtypes
Out[67]:

name    object
age      int64
tel      int64
dtype: object
In [68]:

t2.ndim
Out[68]:

2
In [ ]: