spring boot异常处理方法，类

1.基于@ControllerAdvice注解的Controller层的全局异常统一处理
可以在异常类上使用@ControllerAdvice。

一般使用异常类都是进行容错降级，但是有可能导致忽视某个重要的异常而导致程序问题。这个还得看你公司的技术leader怎么要求。

import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
 
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
 
/**
 * controller 增强器
 *
 * @author sam
 * @since 2017/7/17
 */
@ControllerAdvice
public class MyControllerAdvice {
 
    /**
     * 全局异常捕捉处理
     * @param ex
     * @return
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)
    public Map errorHandler(Exception ex) {
        Map map = new HashMap();
        map.put("code", 100);
        map.put("msg", ex.getMessage());
        return map;
    }
    
    /**
     * 拦截捕捉自定义异常 MyException.class
     * @param ex
     * @return
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @ExceptionHandler(value = MyException.class)
    public Map myErrorHandler(MyException ex) {
        Map map = new HashMap();
        map.put("code", ex.getCode());
        map.put("msg", ex.getMsg());
        return map;
    }
 
}

2、基于Springboot自身的全局异常统一处理，主要是实现ErrorController接口或者继承AbstractErrorController抽象类或者继承BasicErrorController类

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "error")
@EnableConfigurationProperties({ServerProperties.class})
public class ExceptionController implements ErrorController {
 
    private ErrorAttributes errorAttributes;
 
    @Autowired
    private ServerProperties serverProperties;
 
 
    /**
     * 初始化ExceptionController
     * @param errorAttributes
     */
    @Autowired
    public ExceptionController(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) {
        Assert.notNull(errorAttributes, "ErrorAttributes must not be null");
        this.errorAttributes = errorAttributes;
    }
 
 
    /**
     * 定义404的ModelAndView
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(produces = "text/html",value = "404")
    public ModelAndView errorHtml404(HttpServletRequest request,
                                  HttpServletResponse response) {
        response.setStatus(getStatus(request).value());
        Map<String, Object> model = getErrorAttributes(request,
                isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML));
        return new ModelAndView("error/404", model);
    }
 
    /**
     * 定义404的JSON数据
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "404")
    @ResponseBody
    public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error404(HttpServletRequest request) {
        Map<String, Object> body = getErrorAttributes(request,
                isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML));
        HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
        return new ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>>(body, status);
    }
 
    /**
     * 定义500的ModelAndView
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(produces = "text/html",value = "500")
    public ModelAndView errorHtml500(HttpServletRequest request,
                                  HttpServletResponse response) {
        response.setStatus(getStatus(request).value());
        Map<String, Object> model = getErrorAttributes(request,
                isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML));
        return new ModelAndView("error/500", model);
    }
 
 
    /**
     * 定义500的错误JSON信息
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "500")
    @ResponseBody
    public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error500(HttpServletRequest request) {
        Map<String, Object> body = getErrorAttributes(request,
                isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML));
        HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
        return new ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>>(body, status);
    }
 
 
    /**
     * Determine if the stacktrace attribute should be included.
     * @param request the source request
     * @param produces the media type produced (or {@code MediaType.ALL})
     * @return if the stacktrace attribute should be included
     */
    protected boolean isIncludeStackTrace(HttpServletRequest request,
                                          MediaType produces) {
        ErrorProperties.IncludeStacktrace include = this.serverProperties.getError().getIncludeStacktrace();
        if (include == ErrorProperties.IncludeStacktrace.ALWAYS) {
            return true;
        }
        if (include == ErrorProperties.IncludeStacktrace.ON_TRACE_PARAM) {
            return getTraceParameter(request);
        }
        return false;
    }
 
 
    /**
     * 获取错误的信息
     * @param request
     * @param includeStackTrace
     * @return
     */
    private Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(HttpServletRequest request,
                                                   boolean includeStackTrace) {
        RequestAttributes requestAttributes = new ServletRequestAttributes(request);
        return this.errorAttributes.getErrorAttributes(requestAttributes,
                includeStackTrace);
    }
 
    /**
     * 是否包含trace
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    private boolean getTraceParameter(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String parameter = request.getParameter("trace");
        if (parameter == null) {
            return false;
        }
        return !"false".equals(parameter.toLowerCase());
    }
 
    /**
     * 获取错误编码
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    private HttpStatus getStatus(HttpServletRequest request) {
        Integer statusCode = (Integer) request
                .getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code");
        if (statusCode == null) {
            return HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
        }
        try {
            return HttpStatus.valueOf(statusCode);
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            return HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 实现错误路径,暂时无用
     * @see ExceptionMvcAutoConfiguration#containerCustomizer()
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public String getErrorPath() {
        return "";
    }
 
}

该示例写的也是非常简单明了的，但是结合本身项目的实际需求，也是不能直接拿来用的，需要做相应的改造，改造主要有以下方面：

1、因为项目是前后端分离的，所以Controller层不会有ModelAndView返回类型，需要返回自身的APIResponse返回类型

2、项目需要统计全部的异常，而不只是404或者500的异常

3、捕获到异常之后需要做特殊化的业务处理

所以基于以上几方面对示例代码做了改造，具体改造代码如下：

/**
 * @Author: gmy
 * @Description: Springboot全局异常统一处理
 * @Date: 2018/5/30
 * @Time: 16:41
 */
@RestController
@EnableConfigurationProperties({ServerProperties.class})
public class ExceptionController implements ErrorController {
 
    private ErrorAttributes errorAttributes;
 
    @Autowired
    private ServerProperties serverProperties;
 
 
    /**
     * 初始化ExceptionController
     * @param errorAttributes
     */
    @Autowired
    public ExceptionController(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) {
        Assert.notNull(errorAttributes, "ErrorAttributes must not be null");
        this.errorAttributes = errorAttributes;
    }
 
 
    @RequestMapping(value = "/error") 
    @ResponseBody
    public APIResponse error(HttpServletRequest request) {
        Map<String, Object> body = getErrorAttributes(request,
                isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.ALL));
        HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
        return new APIResponse(APIResponse.FAIL,null,body.get("message").toString());
    }
 
 
 
 
    /**
     * Determine if the stacktrace attribute should be included.
     * @param request the source request
     * @param produces the media type produced (or {@code MediaType.ALL})
     * @return if the stacktrace attribute should be included
     */
    protected boolean isIncludeStackTrace(HttpServletRequest request,
                                          MediaType produces) {
        ErrorProperties.IncludeStacktrace include = this.serverProperties.getError().getIncludeStacktrace();
        if (include == ErrorProperties.IncludeStacktrace.ALWAYS) {
            return true;
        }
        if (include == ErrorProperties.IncludeStacktrace.ON_TRACE_PARAM) {
            return getTraceParameter(request);
        }
        return false;
    }
 
 
    /**
     * 获取错误的信息
     * @param request
     * @param includeStackTrace
     * @return
     */
    private Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(HttpServletRequest request,
                                                   boolean includeStackTrace) {
        RequestAttributes requestAttributes = new ServletRequestAttributes(request);
        return this.errorAttributes.getErrorAttributes(requestAttributes,
                includeStackTrace);
    }
 
    /**
     * 是否包含trace
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    private boolean getTraceParameter(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String parameter = request.getParameter("trace");
        if (parameter == null) {
            return false;
        }
        return !"false".equals(parameter.toLowerCase());
    }
 
    /**
     * 获取错误编码
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    private HttpStatus getStatus(HttpServletRequest request) {
        Integer statusCode = (Integer) request
                .getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code");
        if (statusCode == null) {
            return HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
        }
        try {
            return HttpStatus.valueOf(statusCode);
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            return HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 实现错误路径,暂时无用
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public String getErrorPath() {
        return "";
    }
 
}