PAT甲级真题 1090 Highest Price in Supply Chain (25分) C++实现（dfs）

题目

A supply chain is a network of retailers（零售商）, distributors（经销商）, and suppliers（供应商）-- everyone involved in moving a product from supplier to customer.
Starting from one root supplier, everyone on the chain buys products from one’s supplier in a price P and sell or distribute them in a price that is r% higher than P. It is assumed that each member in the supply chain has exactly one supplier except the root supplier, and there is no supply cycle.
Now given a supply chain, you are supposed to tell the highest price we can expect from some retailers.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, The first line contains three positive numbers: N (≤10⁵), the total number of the members in the supply chain (and hence they are numbered from 0 to N−1); P, the price given by the root supplier; and r, the percentage rate of price increment for each distributor or retailer. Then the next line contains N numbers, each number S_​i is the index of the supplier for the i-th member. S_​root for the root supplier is defined to be −1. All the numbers in a line are separated by a space.
Output Specification:
For each test case, print in one line the highest price we can expect from some retailers, accurate up to 2 decimal places, and the number of retailers that sell at the highest price. There must be one space between the two numbers. It is guaranteed that the price will not exceed 10^​10.

Sample Input:

9 1.80 1.00
1 5 4 4 -1 4 5 3 6

Sample Output:

1.85 2

思路

用邻接表建图，将标记为-1的根节点记录到第n个位置。

从根节点DFS遍历，用局部变量depth记录深度；达到叶子时比较深度是否最大，找到最大深度和最大深度叶子的个数，记录到maxDepth、num中。

需要注意的是：

1. p和r需要用double存放，用float测试点1、2、6都会报错；
2. 从根节点拿到的商品价格为p，无需涨价（这点纠结了好久…）

代码

#include <iostream> 
#include <vector> 
#include <cmath> 
using namespace std; 

int maxDepth = 0;
int num = 0;

void dfs(vector<vector<int> > &e, int cur, int depth){
    if (e[cur].size()==0){
        if (depth > maxDepth){
            maxDepth = depth;
            num = 1;
        }
        else if (depth == maxDepth){
            num++;
        }
        return;
    }
    depth++;    
    for (int i=0; i<e[cur].size(); i++){
        dfs(e, e[cur][i], depth);
    }
}

int main() { 
    int n;
    double p, r;
    scanf("%d%lf%lf", &n, &p, &r);
    vector<vector<int> > e(n+1);  //邻接表,最后一个存储root
    for (int i=0; i<n; i++){
        int src;
        scanf("%d", &src);
        if (src==-1){
            e[n].push_back(i);
        }
        else{
            e[src].push_back(i);
        }
    }
    dfs(e, n, 0);
    printf("%.2f %d\n", pow((1+r/100.0), maxDepth-1) * p, num);
    return 0;
}