转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/sunrack/articles/1081714.html
LINQ to XML 可以看作是一个 “better DOM” 编程模型,可以和 System.Xml.dll 程序集中的很多成员交互。
一、命名空间
System.Xml.Linq.dll 程序集定义了三个命名空间:System.Xml.Linq, System.Xml.Schema 和 System.Xml.XPath
最核心的是 System.Xml.Linq, 定义了对应 XML 文档个方面的很多类型
Member of System.Xml.Linq | Meaning in Life |
XAttribute | Represents an XML attribute on a given XML element |
XComment | Represents an XML comment |
XDeclaration | Represents the opening declaration of an XML document |
XDocument | Represents the entirety of an XML document |
XElement | Represents a given element within an XML document |
XName/XNamespace | Provide a very simple manner to define and reference XML namespaces |
二、编程方式创建XML文档
以前的 .NET XML编程模型需要使用很多冗长的 DOM API,而 LINQ to XML 则完全可以用与 DOM 无关的方式与 XML 文档交互。这样不但大大减少了代码行,而且这种编程模型可以直接映射到格式良好的XML文档结构。
{
// A "functional" approach to build an
// XML element in memory.
XElement inventory =
new XElement( " Inventory " ,
new XElement( " Car " , new XAttribute( " ID " , " 1 " ),
new XElement( " Color " , " Green " ),
new XElement( " Make " , " BMW " ),
new XElement( " PetName " , " Stan " )
)
);
// Call ToString() on our XElement.
Console.WriteLine(inventory);
}
在内存中创建XML文档
{
XDocument inventoryDoc =
new XDocument(
new XDeclaration( " 1.0 " , " utf-8 " , " yes " ),
new XComment( " Current Inventory of AutoLot " ),
new XElement( " Inventory " ,
new XElement( " Car " , new XAttribute( " ID " , " 1 " ),
new XElement( " Color " , " Green " ),
new XElement( " Make " , " BMW " ),
new XElement( " PetName " , " Stan " )
),
new XElement( " Car " , new XAttribute( " ID " , " 2 " ),
new XElement( " Color " , " Pink " ),
new XElement( " Make " , " Yugo " ),
new XElement( " PetName " , " Melvin " )
)
)
);
// Display the document and save to disk.
Console.WriteLine(inventoryDoc);
inventoryDoc.Save( " SimpleInventory.xml " );
}
三、使用 LINQ 查询创建XML文档
{
// Create an anonymous array of anonymous types.
var data = new [] {
new { PetName = " Melvin " , ID = 10 },
new { PetName = " Pat " , ID = 11 },
new { PetName = " Danny " , ID = 12 },
new { PetName = " Clunker " , ID = 13 }
};
// Now enumerate over the array to build
// an XElement.
XElement vehicles =
new XElement( " Inventory " ,
from c in data
select new XElement( " Car " ,
new XAttribute( " ID " , c.ID),
new XElement( " PetName " , c.PetName)
)
);
Console.WriteLine(vehicles);
}
四、加载和解析XML内容
{
// Build an XElement from string.
string myElement =
@" <Car ID ='3'>
<Color>Yellow</Color>
<Make>Yugo</Make>
</Car> " ;
XElement newElement = XElement.Parse(myElement);
Console.WriteLine(newElement);
Console.WriteLine();
// Load the SimpleInventory.xml file.
XDocument myDoc = XDocument.Load( " SimpleInventory.xml " );
Console.WriteLine(myDoc);
}
六、遍历内存中的XML文档
XML示例:
< Inventory >
< Car carID = " 0 " >
< Make > Ford </ Make >
< Color > Blue </ Color >
< PetName > Chuck </ PetName >
</ Car >
< Car carID = " 1 " >
< Make > VW </ Make >
< Color > Silver </ Color >
< PetName > Mary </ PetName >
</ Car >
< Car carID = " 2 " >
< Make > Yugo </ Make >
< Color > Pink </ Color >
< PetName > Gipper </ PetName >
</ Car >
< Car carID = " 55 " >
< Make > Ford </ Make >
< Color > Yellow </ Color >
862 CHAPTER 24 n PROGRAMMING WITH THE LINQ APIS
< PetName > Max </ PetName >
</ Car >
< Car carID = " 98 " >
< Make > BMW </ Make >
< Color > Black </ Color >
< PetName > Zippy </ PetName >
</ Car >
</ Inventory >
加载
{
Console.WriteLine( " ***** Fun with LINQ to XML *****/n " );
// Load the Inventory.xml document into memory.
XElement doc = XElement.Load( " Inventory.xml " );
// We will author each of these next
PrintAllPetNames(doc);
Console.WriteLine();
GetAllFords(doc);
Console.ReadLine();
}
遍历
{
var petNames = from pn in doc.Descendants( " PetName " )
select pn.Value;
foreach (var name in petNames)
Console.WriteLine( " Name: {0} " , name);
}
查询
{
var fords = from c in doc.Descendants( " Make " )
where c.Value == " Ford "
select c;
foreach (var f in fords)
Console.WriteLine( " Name: {0} " , f);
}
七、修改 XML文档
{
// Add 5 new purple Fords to the incoming document.
for ( int i = 0 ; i < 5 ; i ++ )
{
// Create a new XElement
XElement newCar =
new XElement( " Car " , new XAttribute( " ID " , i + 1000 ),
new XElement( " Color " , " Green " ),
new XElement( " Make " , " Ford " ),
new XElement( " PetName " , "" )
);
// Add to doc.
doc.Add(newCar);
}
// Show the updates.
Console.WriteLine(doc);
}