先看我们ping sina.com的结果
Pinging sina.com [12.130.132.30] with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 12.130.132.30: bytes=32 time=247ms TTL=241
Reply from 12.130.132.30: bytes=32 time=241ms TTL=241
Reply from 12.130.132.30: bytes=32 time=248ms TTL=241
Reply from 12.130.132.30: bytes=32 time=238ms TTL=241
Ping statistics for 12.130.132.30:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 238ms, Maximum = 248ms, Average = 243ms
TTL为241,再看一下ping 百度是什么结果
Pinging baidu.com [220.181.111.86] with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 220.181.111.86: bytes=32 time=43ms TTL=52
Reply from 220.181.111.86: bytes=32 time=49ms TTL=52
Reply from 220.181.111.86: bytes=32 time=37ms TTL=52
Reply from 220.181.111.86: bytes=32 time=41ms TTL=52
Ping statistics for 220.181.111.86:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 37ms, Maximum = 49ms, Average = 42ms
TTL为52
那么TTL到底表示什么意思呢?
先来看一下一本网络书上关于TTL的描述。
看了这个描述,无论如何也和上面的ping的结果对应上,因为上面一个是241,一个是52,不可能是经过了241个路由器。
其实,TTL表示ping的过程中一共经过了多少个路由器,但它的数据并不是直接给出的,而是用与它最近的一个2的N次数(大于它的)减去该值后得到的。比如上面的241表示经过的路由器数目是256-241=15,我们用tracert命令来验证一下,是不是经过了15个路由器。
Tracing route to sina.com [12.130.132.30]
over a maximum of 30 hops:
1 3 ms 3 ms 1 ms zhy-PC [192.168.1.1]
2 * * * Request timed out.
3 10 ms 7 ms 8 ms 123.126.26.133
4 8 ms 9 ms 6 ms 61.51.113.45
5 10 ms 10 ms 10 ms 123.126.0.57
6 12 ms 9 ms 10 ms 219.158.101.46
7 10 ms 10 ms 10 ms 219.158.101.66
8 256 ms 256 ms 259 ms 219.158.102.146
9 * * * Request timed out.
10 354 ms 368 ms * cr1.sffca.ip.att.net [12.122.137.218]
11 177 ms 177 ms 175 ms cr81.sj2ca.ip.att.net [12.122.1.118]
12 172 ms 171 ms 173 ms gar23.sffca.ip.att.net [12.122.110.121]
13 174 ms 173 ms 172 ms 12.122.251.146
14 291 ms * * mdf001c7613r0003-tge-12-1.sjc1.attens.net [12.13
0.128.182]
15 * 365 ms * 12.130.132.30
Trace complete.