Java 网络IO

本次分享主要包括阻塞IO、非阻塞IO、异步IO的代码实现。

阻塞IO

首先我们来看下阻塞IO代码实现

阻塞IO服务类：

public class BioServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9000);
        while (true) {
            Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
            new Thread(() -> {
                try {
                    while (true) {
                        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
                        int read = socket.getInputStream().read(bytes);
                        System.out.println("从客户端" + socket.getPort() + "读到的内容：" + new String(bytes, 0, read));
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }).start();
        }
    }
}

客户端类：

public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 9000);

        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String line = null;
        while ((line = scanner.next()) != null) {
            socket.getOutputStream().write(line.getBytes());
        }
    }
}

流程图：

非阻塞IO

先来看下不使用selector的实现

public class NioServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        serverSocketChannel.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(9000));
        serverSocketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
        while(true) {
            SocketChannel socketChannel = serverSocketChannel.accept();
            if (socketChannel != null) {
                new Thread(() -> {
                    try {
                        socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
                        while (true) {
                            ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(126);
                            int read = socketChannel.read(byteBuffer);
                            if (read > 0) {
                                byteBuffer.flip();
                                byte[] bytes = new byte[read];
                                byteBuffer.get(bytes, 0, read);
                                String content = new String(bytes);
                                System.out.println("从客户端读到内容：" + content);
                            }
                            Thread.sleep(1);
                        }
                    } catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }).start();

            }
        }
    }
}

下面是带selector的实现

public class NioSelectorServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        serverSocketChannel.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(9000));
        serverSocketChannel.configureBlocking(false);

        Selector selector = Selector.open();
        serverSocketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);

        while (true) {
            int select = selector.select();
            System.out.println("select : " + select);
            Set<SelectionKey> selectionKeys = selector.selectedKeys();
            Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = selectionKeys.iterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                SelectionKey selectionKey = iterator.next();
                iterator.remove();
                if (selectionKey.isAcceptable()) {
                    ServerSocketChannel serverSocket = (ServerSocketChannel)selectionKey.channel();
                    SocketChannel socketChannel = serverSocket.accept();
                    socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
                    socketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
                } else if (selectionKey.isReadable()) {
                    SocketChannel socket = (SocketChannel)selectionKey.channel();
                    ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(126);
                    int read = socket.read(byteBuffer);
                    if (read > 0) {
                        byte[] bytes = new byte[read];
                        byteBuffer.flip();
                        byteBuffer.get(bytes, 0, read);
                        String content = new String(bytes);
                        System.out.println("读到客户端" + socket.socket().getPort() + "传输的数据：" + content);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

流程图：

异步IO

最后再来看看异步IO的实现

public class AioServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        AsynchronousServerSocketChannel aioServerSocketChannel = AsynchronousServerSocketChannel.open();
        aioServerSocketChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(9000));
        aioServerSocketChannel.accept(null, new CompletionHandler<AsynchronousSocketChannel, Object>() {
            @Override
            public void completed(AsynchronousSocketChannel socketChannel, Object attachment) {
                aioServerSocketChannel.accept(attachment, this);
                ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
                socketChannel.read(byteBuffer, byteBuffer, new CompletionHandler<Integer, ByteBuffer>() {
                    @Override
                    public void completed(Integer result, ByteBuffer attachment) {
                        byteBuffer.flip();
                        System.out.println("从客户端读到内容：" + new String(byteBuffer.array(), 0 ,result));
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void failed(Throwable exc, ByteBuffer attachment) {

                    }
                });
            }

            @Override
            public void failed(Throwable exc, Object attachment) {

            }
        });

        Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
    }
}

 

BIO、NIO、AIO对比

	BIO	NIO	AIO
IO模型	同步阻塞	同步非阻塞（多路复用）	异步非阻塞
编程难度	简单	复杂	复杂
可靠性	差	好	好
吞吐量	低	高	高