关于qt.qpa.plugin: Could not load the Qt platform plugin “xcb“ in ““ even though it was found.解决思路

关于qt.qpa.plugin: Could not load the Qt platform plugin “xcb” in “” even though it was found.解决思路

在uos家庭版基于qt开发，debug程序时，遇到上述错误，详细错误如下：

qt.qpa.plugin: Could not load the Qt platform plugin "xcb" in "" even though it was found.
This application failed to start because no Qt platform plugin could be initialized. Reinstalling the application may fix this problem.

Available platform plugins are: eglfs, linuxfb, minimal, minimalegl, offscreen, vnc, wayland-egl, wayland, wayland-xcomposite-egl, wayland-xcomposite-glx, webgl, xcb.

已放弃

xcb的问题遇到的最多了，尤其是脱离开发环境，在生产机器上运行的时候，应该是很常见的错误。

这里我没有怀疑qt库的问题，虽然报错乍一看qt库缺失文件的意思，经过一番搜索，网友确实有遇到过的，比如Ubuntu 运行qt creator提示qt.qpa.plugin: Could not load the Qt platform plugin “xcb“
但经过验证我这里的产生的问题貌似不同，因为尝试安装libxcb-xinerama0后提示如下

libxcb-xinerama0 已经是最新版 (1.13.1-2)。

但我看到另一个文章，打开了思路，Ubuntu18.04下解决Qt出现qt.qpa.plugin:Could not load the Qt platform plugin “xcb“问题，既然xcb出错，那么查看下xcb的依赖是不是有缺失的

ldd /opt/Qt/5.15.2/gcc_64/plugins/platforms/libqxcb.so
结果如下：
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffc64edc000)
        libQt5XcbQpa.so.5 => /opt/Qt/5.15.2/gcc_64/plugins/platforms/../../lib/libQt5XcbQpa.so.5 (0x00007fa5bb3e9000)
        libfontconfig.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfontconfig.so.1 (0x00007fa5bb386000)
        libfreetype.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfreetype.so.6 (0x00007fa5bb2ca000)
        libz.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 (0x00007fa5bb2ac000)
        libQt5Gui.so.5 => /opt/Qt/5.15.2/gcc_64/plugins/platforms/../../lib/libQt5Gui.so.5 (0x00007fa5ba97b000)
        libQt5DBus.so.5 => /opt/Qt/5.15.2/gcc_64/plugins/platforms/../../lib/libQt5DBus.so.5 (0x00007fa5ba6ef000)
        libQt5Core.so.5 => /opt/Qt/5.15.2/gcc_64/plugins/platforms/../../lib/libQt5Core.so.5 (0x00007fa5b9ef7000)
        libGL.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 (0x00007fa5b9e70000)
        libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007fa5b9e4f000)
        libX11-xcb.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libX11-xcb.so.1 (0x00007fa5b9e4a000)
        libxcb-icccm.so.4 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb-icccm.so.4 (0x00007fa5b9e43000)
        libxcb-image.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb-image.so.0 (0x00007fa5b9e3d000)
        libxcb-shm.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb-shm.so.0 (0x00007fa5b9e36000)
----> libxcb-util.so.1 => not found
        libxcb-keysyms.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb-keysyms.so.1 (0x00007fa5b9e31000)
        libxcb-randr.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb-randr.so.0 (0x00007fa5b9e1f000)
        libxcb-render-util.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb-render-util.so.0 (0x00007fa5b9e18000)
        libxcb-render.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb-render.so.0 (0x00007fa5b9e09000)
        libxcb-shape.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb-shape.so.0 (0x00007fa5b9e02000)
        libxcb-sync.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb-sync.so.1 (0x00007fa5b9df8000)
        libxcb-xfixes.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb-xfixes.so.0 (0x00007fa5b9dee000)
        libxcb-xinerama.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb-xinerama.so.0 (0x00007fa5b9de9000)
        libxcb-xkb.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb-xkb.so.1 (0x00007fa5b9dcb000)
        libxcb.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb.so.1 (0x00007fa5b9da1000)
        libXext.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXext.so.6 (0x00007fa5b9d8a000)
        libX11.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libX11.so.6 (0x00007fa5b9c48000)
        libxkbcommon-x11.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxkbcommon-x11.so.0 (0x00007fa5b9c3d000)
        libxkbcommon.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxkbcommon.so.0 (0x00007fa5b9bfb000)
        libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007fa5b9bf6000)
        libstdc++.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007fa5b9a72000)
        libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007fa5b98ed000)
        libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007fa5b98d3000)
        libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007fa5b9712000)
----> libxcb-util.so.1 => not found    
        libgthread-2.0.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgthread-2.0.so.0 (0x00007fa5b970d000)
        libglib-2.0.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglib-2.0.so.0 (0x00007fa5b95ee000)
        libexpat.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libexpat.so.1 (0x00007fa5b95af000)
        libuuid.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libuuid.so.1 (0x00007fa5b95a6000)
        libpng16.so.16 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng16.so.16 (0x00007fa5b956d000)
        libdbus-1.so.3 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdbus-1.so.3 (0x00007fa5b951a000)
        libicui18n.so.56 => /opt/Qt/5.15.2/gcc_64/plugins/platforms/../../lib/libicui18n.so.56 (0x00007fa5b9081000)
        libicuuc.so.56 => /opt/Qt/5.15.2/gcc_64/plugins/platforms/../../lib/libicuuc.so.56 (0x00007fa5b8cc7000)
        libicudata.so.56 => /opt/Qt/5.15.2/gcc_64/plugins/platforms/../../lib/libicudata.so.56 (0x00007fa5b72e4000)
        /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fa5bb948000)
        libGLdispatch.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLdispatch.so.0 (0x00007fa5b722c000)
        libGLX.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLX.so.0 (0x00007fa5b71f9000)
        libxcb-util.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb-util.so.0 (0x00007fa5b71ef000)
        libXau.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXau.so.6 (0x00007fa5b71e8000)
        libXdmcp.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXdmcp.so.6 (0x00007fa5b71e0000)
        libpcre.so.3 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpcre.so.3 (0x00007fa5b716c000)
        libsystemd.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libsystemd.so.0 (0x00007fa5b70ca000)
        libbsd.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libbsd.so.0 (0x00007fa5b70b0000)
        librt.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/librt.so.1 (0x00007fa5b70a4000)
        liblzma.so.5 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/liblzma.so.5 (0x00007fa5b707c000)
        liblz4.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/liblz4.so.1 (0x00007fa5b7057000)
        libgcrypt.so.20 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcrypt.so.20 (0x00007fa5b6f32000)
        libgpg-error.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgpg-error.so.0 (0x00007fa5b6f0f000)

从结果来看 libxcb-util.so.1缺失，那么安装下这个依赖应该就可以。
下载地址：Debian – 软件包下载地址选择 – libxcb-util1_0.4.0-1+b1_amd64.deb，选亚洲任意一个就行

wget http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/pool/main/x/xcb-util/libxcb-util1_0.4.0-1+b1_amd64.deb

安装完毕，再次调试，成功跑起来。

最后说一句，错误提示还是很明了的，还是经验问题