读书笔记 仅供参考
简述
使用 Facade 模式为互相关联在一起的错综复杂的类整理出高层接口(API),让系统对外只有一个简单的接口(API)。而且Facade角色还会考虑到系统内部各个类之间的责任关系和依赖关系,按照正确的顺序调用各个类。
角色和 UML
Facade
向系统外部提供高层接口(API)
构成系统的许多其它角色
这些角色不能感知到 Facade 角色
Client
负责调用 Facade
UML
例子
例程是一个根据邮箱地址获取用户名,并且生成对应网页的程序,DataBase 类获取用户名,HtmlWriter 类生成网页,PageMaker 类即为 Facade 角色,调用上述两个类。
public class DataBase {
private DataBase() {
}
//根据数据库名获取 properties
public static Properties getProperties(String dbName) {
String fileName = "file/facade/"+dbName + ".txt";
Properties prop = new Properties();
try {
prop.load(new FileInputStream(fileName));
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("Warning: " + fileName + " is not found.");
}
return prop;
}
}
//编写简单的 Web 页面
public class HtmlWriter {
private Writer writer;
public HtmlWriter(Writer writer) {
this.writer = writer;
}
public void title(String title) throws IOException {
writer.write("<html>");
writer.write("<head>");
writer.write("<title>" + title + "</title>");
writer.write("</head>");
writer.write("<body>\n");
writer.write("<h1>" + title + "</h1>\n");
}
public void paragraph(String msg) throws IOException {
writer.write("<p>" + msg + "</p>\n");
}
public void link(String href, String caption) throws IOException {
paragraph("<a href=\"" + href + "\">" + caption + "</a>");
}
public void mailto(String mailaddr, String userName) throws IOException {
link("mailto"+mailaddr, userName);
}
public void close() throws IOException {
writer.write("</body>");
writer.write("</html>\n");
writer.close();
}
}
//使用 DataBase 和 HtmlWriter 生成指定用户的页面
public class PageMaker {
private PageMaker() {
}
public static void makeWelcomePage(String mailaddr, String fileName) {
try {
Properties mailProp = DataBase.getProperties("maildata");
String userName = mailProp.getProperty(mailaddr);
HtmlWriter writer = new HtmlWriter(new FileWriter(fileName));
writer.title("Welcome to " + userName + "'s page!");
writer.paragraph(userName + "欢迎来到" + userName + "的主页");
writer.paragraph("等着你的邮件喔!");
writer.mailto(mailaddr, userName);
writer.close();
System.out.println(fileName + " is created for " + mailaddr + " (" + userName + ")");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
PageMaker.makeWelcomePage("hyuki@hyuki.com","file/facade/welcome.html");
}
}
文件(maildata.txt)
hyuki@hyuki.com=Hiroshi Yuki
hanako@hyuki.com=Hanako Sato
tomura@hyuki.com=Tomura
mamoru@hyuki.com=Mamoru Takahashi
要点
使用 Facade 模式就是为了使接口(API)变少