mysql

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-22 18:14:59 发布

Zhangrl_

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-22 18:14:59 发布

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分类专栏： linux作业

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zhangrl_/article/details/103128166

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数据库操作

1.创建数据库

mysql> create database zhangruilin;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

2.查看数据库

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| zhangruilin        |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3.删除数据库

mysql> drop database zhangruilin;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

表操作

1.创建表

进入到zhangruilin的数据库并且创建student表，创建表头是id int not null（创建id并且不能为空），name varchar(100) not null（创建name并且不能为空限制只能输100个字符串）和age tinyint （以tinyint格式创建年龄可以为空）

mysql> use zhangruilin;
Database changed
mysql> create table student(id int not null,name varchar(100) not null,age tinyint);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

2.创建表并且加上组件的自动增长

primary key 添加组件，组件是auto_increment 自动增长

mysql> create table info (id int primary key auto_increment not null,name varchar(50) not null,age tinyint);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

2.查看数据库里的表

进入到张瑞麟库查看有哪些表

mysql> show tables;
+-----------------------+
| Tables_in_zhangruilin |
+-----------------------+
| student               |
+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

不用进库里面在外面查看张瑞麟库的表内容

mysql> show tables from zhangruilin;
+-----------------------+
| Tables_in_zhangruilin |
+-----------------------+
| student               |
+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

3.查看表头结构

在库里面查看表头结构

mysql> desc student;
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id    | int(11)      | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| name  | varchar(100) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| age   | tinyint(4)   | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
`

在库外查看表头结构

mysql> desc zhangruilin.student;
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id    | int(11)      | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| name  | varchar(100) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| age   | tinyint(4)   | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

4.删除表

删除表选项，再查看表时已经没有了

mysql> drop table student;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

用户操作

1.用户创建

在ip地址创建一个用户mafeifei，并且指定ip是129的主机并且密码是123456的才可以连接我这个mysql数据库

mysql> create user 'mafeifei'@'192.168.100.129' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

在主机是129的用户连接此服务器的mysql数据库,但是并没有授权

[root@129 ~]# mysql -umafeifei -p'123456' -h 192.168.100.128
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 35
Server version: 5.7.28 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [(none)]> 
MySQL [(none)]>

2.删除用户

mysql> drop user 'mafeifei'@'192.168.100.129';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

查看命令show

1.查看支持的所有字符集

mysql> show character set;
+----------+---------------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| Charset  | Description                     | Default collation   | Maxlen |
+----------+---------------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| big5     | Big5 Traditional Chinese        | big5_chinese_ci     |      2 |
| dec8     | DEC West European               | dec8_swedish_ci     |      1 |
| cp850    | DOS West European               | cp850_general_ci    |      1 |
| hp8      | HP West European                | hp8_english_ci      |      1 |
| koi8r    | KOI8-R Relcom Russian           | koi8r_general_ci    |      1 |
| latin1   | cp1252 West European            | latin1_swedish_ci   |      1 |
| latin2   | ISO 8859-2 Central European     | latin2_general_ci   |      1 |
| swe7     | 7bit Swedish                    | swe7_swedish_ci     |      1 |
| ascii    | US ASCII                        | ascii_general_ci    |      1 |
| ujis     | EUC-JP Japanese                 | ujis_japanese_ci    |      3 |
| sjis     | Shift-JIS Japanese              | sjis_japanese_ci    |      2 |
| hebrew   | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew               | hebrew_general_ci   |      1 |
| tis620   | TIS620 Thai                     | tis620_thai_ci      |      1 |
| euckr    | EUC-KR Korean                   | euckr_korean_ci     |      2 |
| koi8u    | KOI8-U Ukrainian                | koi8u_general_ci    |      1 |
| gb2312   | GB2312 Simplified Chinese       | gb2312_chinese_ci   |      2 |
| greek    | ISO 8859-7 Greek                | greek_general_ci    |      1 |
| cp1250   | Windows Central European        | cp1250_general_ci   |      1 |
| gbk      | GBK Simplified Chinese          | gbk_chinese_ci      |      2 |
| latin5   | ISO 8859-9 Turkish              | latin5_turkish_ci   |      1 |
| armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian              | armscii8_general_ci |      1 |
| utf8     | UTF-8 Unicode                   | utf8_general_ci     |      3 |
| ucs2     | UCS-2 Unicode                   | ucs2_general_ci     |      2 |
| cp866    | DOS Russian                     | cp866_general_ci    |      1 |
| keybcs2  | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak      | keybcs2_general_ci  |      1 |
| macce    | Mac Central European            | macce_general_ci    |      1 |
| macroman | Mac West European               | macroman_general_ci |      1 |
| cp852    | DOS Central European            | cp852_general_ci    |      1 |
| latin7   | ISO 8859-13 Baltic              | latin7_general_ci   |      1 |
| utf8mb4  | UTF-8 Unicode                   | utf8mb4_general_ci  |      4 |
| cp1251   | Windows Cyrillic                | cp1251_general_ci   |      1 |
| utf16    | UTF-16 Unicode                  | utf16_general_ci    |      4 |
| utf16le  | UTF-16LE Unicode                | utf16le_general_ci  |      4 |
| cp1256   | Windows Arabic                  | cp1256_general_ci   |      1 |
| cp1257   | Windows Baltic                  | cp1257_general_ci   |      1 |
| utf32    | UTF-32 Unicode                  | utf32_general_ci    |      4 |
| binary   | Binary pseudo charset           | binary              |      1 |
| geostd8  | GEOSTD8 Georgian                | geostd8_general_ci  |      1 |
| cp932    | SJIS for Windows Japanese       | cp932_japanese_ci   |      2 |
| eucjpms  | UJIS for Windows Japanese       | eucjpms_japanese_ci |      3 |
| gb18030  | China National Standard GB18030 | gb18030_chinese_ci  |      4 |
+----------+---------------------------------+---------------------+--------+
41 rows in set (0.00 sec)

2.查看当前数据库支持的所有存储引擎

mysql> show engines;
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| Engine             | Support | Comment                                                        | Transactions | XA   | Savepoints |
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| InnoDB             | DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys     | YES          | YES  | YES        |
| MRG_MYISAM         | YES     | Collection of identical MyISAM tables                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| MEMORY             | YES     | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables      | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| BLACKHOLE          | YES     | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| MyISAM             | YES     | MyISAM storage engine                                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| CSV                | YES     | CSV storage engine                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| ARCHIVE            | YES     | Archive storage engine                                         | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES     | Performance Schema                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| FEDERATED          | NO      | Federated MySQL storage engine                                 | NULL         | NULL | NULL       |
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3.查看表的创建命令

mysql> show create table zhangruilin.student;
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table   | Create Table                                                                                                                                             |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| student | CREATE TABLE `student` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `name` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
  `age` tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

4.查看表的状态信息

mysql> show table status like 'student'\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
           Name: student
         Engine: InnoDB
        Version: 10
     Row_format: Dynamic
           Rows: 0
 Avg_row_length: 0
    Data_length: 16384
Max_data_length: 0
   Index_length: 0
      Data_free: 0
 Auto_increment: NULL
    Create_time: 2019-11-19 09:35:36
    Update_time: NULL
     Check_time: NULL
      Collation: latin1_swedish_ci
       Checksum: NULL
 Create_options: 
        Comment: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

INSERT插入语句

1.一次插入一条记录

mysql> insert into student(id,name,age) value(1,'tom',5);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from student;
+----+------+------+
| id | name | age  |
+----+------+------+
|  1 | tom  |    5 |
+----+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

2.一次插入多条记录

`mysql> insert into student(id,name,age) values(4,'kule',50),(5,'luna',20);
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from student;
+----+-------+------+
| id | name  | age  |
+----+-------+------+
|  1 | tom   |    5 |
|  2 | tom   |    5 |
|  3 | mafei |    6 |
|  4 | kule  |   50 |
|  5 | luna  |   20 |
+----+-------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3.查看表头的内容里面age可以为空，于是插入是可以不用不写age

mysql> desc student;
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id    | int(11)      | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| name  | varchar(100) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| age   | tinyint(4)   | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into student(id,name) values(4,'kule'),(5,'luna');
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from student;
+----+-------+------+
| id | name  | age  |
+----+-------+------+
|  1 | tom   |    5 |
|  2 | tom   |    5 |
|  3 | mafei |    6 |
|  4 | kule  |   50 |
|  5 | luna  |   20 |
|  4 | kule  | NULL |
|  5 | luna  | NULL |
+----+-------+------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

4.可以在student里面不用加任何东西插入表内容

mysql> insert into student values(9,'kule',21),(10,'luna',33);
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from student;
+----+-------+------+
| id | name  | age  |
+----+-------+------+
|  1 | tom   |    5 |
|  2 | tom   |    5 |
|  3 | mafei |    6 |
|  4 | kule  |   50 |
|  5 | luna  |   20 |
|  4 | kule  | NULL |
|  5 | luna  | NULL |
|  9 | kule  |   21 |
| 10 | luna  |   33 |
+----+-------+------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

select查看语句

查看表的所有内容

`mysql> select * from student;
+----+-------+------+
| id | name  | age  |
+----+-------+------+
|  1 | tom   |    5 |
|  2 | tom   |    5 |
|  3 | mafei |    6 |
|  4 | kule  |   50 |
|  5 | luna  |   20 |
|  4 | kule  | NULL |
|  5 | luna  | NULL |
|  9 | kule  |   21 |
| 10 | luna  |   33 |
+----+-------+------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

查看表的id和name内容

mysql> select id,name from student;
+----+-------+
| id | name  |
+----+-------+
|  1 | tom   |
|  2 | tom   |
|  3 | mafei |
|  4 | kule  |
|  5 | luna  |
|  4 | kule  |
|  5 | luna  |
|  9 | kule  |
| 10 | luna  |
+----+-------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

将表头改个别名查看

mysql> select id as i,name as n from student;
+----+-------+
| i  | n     |
+----+-------+
|  1 | tom   |
|  2 | tom   |
|  3 | mafei |
|  4 | kule  |
|  5 | luna  |
|  4 | kule  |
|  5 | luna  |
|  9 | kule  |
| 10 | luna  |
+----+-------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

查看大于20人的名字

mysql> select * from student;
+----+-------+------+
| id | name  | age  |
+----+-------+------+
|  1 | tom   |    5 |
|  2 | tom   |    5 |
|  3 | mafei |    6 |
|  4 | kule  |   50 |
|  5 | luna  |   20 |
|  4 | kule  | NULL |
|  5 | luna  | NULL |
|  9 | kule  |   21 |
| 10 | luna  |   33 |
+----+-------+------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select name from student where age < 20;
+-------+
| name  |
+-------+
| tom   |
| tom   |
| mafei |
+-------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

在student表里查看名字是10到20之间的记录

mysql> select name from student where age between 10 and 20;
+------+
| name |
+------+
| luna |
+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

在srudent查看所有以k开头的名字

mysql> select * from student where name like 'k%';
+----+------+------+
| id | name | age  |
+----+------+------+
|  4 | kule |   50 |
|  4 | kule | NULL |
|  9 | kule |   21 |
+----+------+------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

在student里查看年龄是0-9的用正则表达式查看

mysql> select * from student where age rlike '^[0-9]$';
+----+-------+------+
| id | name  | age  |
+----+-------+------+
|  1 | tom   |    5 |
|  2 | tom   |    5 |
|  3 | mafei |    6 |
+----+-------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在student里查看年龄是空的

mysql> select * from student where age is null;
+----+------+------+
| id | name | age  |
+----+------+------+
|  4 | kule | NULL |
|  5 | luna | NULL |
+----+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在student里查看年龄是非空的

mysql> select * from student where age is not null;
+----+-------+------+
| id | name  | age  |
+----+-------+------+
|  1 | tom   |    5 |
|  2 | tom   |    5 |
|  3 | mafei |    6 |
|  4 | kule  |   50 |
|  5 | luna  |   20 |
|  9 | kule  |   21 |
| 10 | luna  |   33 |
+----+-------+------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在student里查看名字是tom并且年龄是5岁的记录

mysql> select * from student where name='tom' and age=5;
+----+------+------+
| id | name | age  |
+----+------+------+
|  1 | tom  |    5 |
|  2 | tom  |    5 |
+----+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在student表里查看名字是tom或者年龄是20的记录

mysql> select * from student where name='tom' or age=20;
+----+------+------+
| id | name | age  |
+----+------+------+
|  1 | tom  |    5 |
|  2 | tom  |    5 |
|  5 | luna |   20 |
+----+------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在student表里查看名字是tom并且年龄不等于6的记录

mysql> select * from student where name='tom' and not age=6;
+----+------+------+
| id | name | age  |
+----+------+------+
|  1 | tom  |    5 |
|  2 | tom  |    5 |
+----+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在student表里按年龄排序

mysql> select * from student order by age;
+----+-------------+------+
| id | name        | age  |
+----+-------------+------+
|  8 | chenshuo    |   10 |
| 10 | qiuyi       |   15 |
|  1 | tom         |   20 |
| 11 | qiuxiaotian |   20 |
|  2 | jerry       |   23 |
|  3 | wangqing    |   25 |
|  5 | zhangshan   |   26 |
|  4 | sean        |   28 |
|  7 | lisi        |   50 |
|  9 | wangwu      |  100 |
+----+-------------+------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在student表里按年龄倒序排序

mysql> select * from student order by age desc;
+----+-------------+------+
| id | name        | age  |
+----+-------------+------+
|  9 | wangwu      |  100 |
|  7 | lisi        |   50 |
|  4 | sean        |   28 |
|  5 | zhangshan   |   26 |
|  3 | wangqing    |   25 |
|  2 | jerry       |   23 |
|  1 | tom         |   20 |
| 11 | qiuxiaotian |   20 |
| 10 | qiuyi       |   15 |
|  8 | chenshuo    |   10 |
+----+-------------+------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在student表里按年龄排序并且显示前2位

mysql> select * from student order by age limit 2;
+----+----------+------+
| id | name     | age  |
+----+----------+------+
|  8 | chenshuo |   10 |
| 10 | qiuyi    |   15 |
+----+----------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在student表里按年龄排序并且跳过前2位从第3位开始显示4个

mysql> select * from student order by age limit 2,4;
+----+-------------+------+
| id | name        | age  |
+----+-------------+------+
|  1 | tom         |   20 |
| 11 | qiuxiaotian |   20 |
|  2 | jerry       |   23 |
|  3 | wangqing    |   25 |
+----+-------------+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在student表里显示非空的并且按年龄排序

mysql> select * from student where age  is not null order by age;
+----+-------------+------+
| id | name        | age  |
+----+-------------+------+
|  8 | chenshuo    |   10 |
| 10 | qiuyi       |   15 |
|  1 | tom         |   20 |
| 11 | qiuxiaotian |   20 |
|  2 | jerry       |   23 |
|  3 | wangqing    |   25 |
|  5 | zhangshan   |   26 |
|  4 | sean        |   28 |
|  7 | lisi        |   50 |
|  9 | wangwu      |  100 |
+----+-------------+------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

update语句

将名字是lisi的年龄修改为22

mysql> update student set age=22 where name='lisi';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from student where name='lisi';
+----+------+------+
| id | name | age  |
+----+------+------+
|  7 | lisi |   22 |
+----+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

将id=7的修改年龄是23，名字是haha。

mysql> select * from student where name='lisi';
+----+------+------+
| id | name | age  |
+----+------+------+
|  7 | lisi |   22 |
+----+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update student set age=23,name='haha' where id=7;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from student where id=7;
+----+------+------+
| id | name | age  |
+----+------+------+
|  7 | haha |   23 |
+----+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

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mysql

1.创建数据库mysql> create database zhangruilin;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)2.查看数据库mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| informat...
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