Memento模式

不破坏封装性的前提下,捕获一个对象的内部状态,并在该对象之外保存这个状态,这样以后可将该对象恢复到原先保存的状态
适用场合:功能较复杂,但需要维护或记录属性历史,或需要保存的属性只是众多属性的一小部分

 

Originator.java

package com.gary.designpattern.memento;

/**
 * 发起人
 * @author gary
 *
 */
public class Originator {
	//需要保存的属性
	private String messageA;
	private String messageB;

	public String getMessageA() {
		return messageA;
	}

	public void setMessageA(String messageA) {
		this.messageA = messageA;
	}

	public String getMessageB() {
		return messageB;
	}

	public void setMessageB(String messageB) {
		this.messageB = messageB;
	}

	//创建备忘录
	public Memento createMemento(){
		Memento memento = new Memento();
		//将信息保存到Memento对象
		memento.setMessageA(messageA);
		memento.setMessageB(messageB);
		return memento;
	}

	//恢复备忘录
	public void restoreMemento(Memento memento){
		//恢复信息
		messageA = memento.getMessageA();
		messageB = memento.getMessageB();
	}
	
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Originator [messageA=" + messageA + ", messageB=" + messageB + "]";
	}
}

 

Memento.java

package com.gary.designpattern.memento;

/**
 * 备忘录
 * @author gary
 *
 */
public class Memento {
	//需要保存的属性
	private String messageA;
	private String messageB;

	public String getMessageA() {
		return messageA;
	}

	public void setMessageA(String messageA) {
		this.messageA = messageA;
	}

	public String getMessageB() {
		return messageB;
	}

	public void setMessageB(String messageB) {
		this.messageB = messageB;
	}
}

 

Caretaker.java

package com.gary.designpattern.memento;

/**
 * 管理者
 * @author gary
 *
 */
public class Caretaker {
	//备忘录
	private Memento memento;

	public void setMemento(Memento memento) {
		this.memento = memento;
	}

	public Memento getMemento() {
		return memento;
	}
}

 

Test.java

package com.gary.designpattern.memento;

/**
 * 测试
 * @author gary
 *
 */
public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Originator originator = new Originator();
		//初始状态
		originator.setMessageA("hello");
		originator.setMessageB("world");
		System.out.println("初始状态: ");
		System.out.println(originator);
		
		Caretaker caretaker = new Caretaker();
		//保存状态,隐藏Originator实现细节
		caretaker.setMemento(originator.createMemento());
		
		originator.setMessageA("messageA has changed");
		originator.setMessageB("messageB has changed");
		System.out.println("改变后: ");
		System.out.println(originator);
		
		//恢复
		originator.restoreMemento(caretaker.getMemento());
		System.out.println("恢复后: ");
		System.out.println(originator);
	}
}