Android中,Activity和Fragment之间传递对象,可以通过将对象序列化并存入Bundle或者Intent中进行传递,也可以将对象转化为JSON字符串,进行传递。
序列化对象可以使用Java的Serializable
的接口、Parcelable
接口。转化成JSON字符串,可以使用Gson
等库。
1.Serializable
Model
public class Author implements Serializable{ private int id; private String name; }
public class Book implements Serializable{ private String title; private Author author; }
传递数据
Book book= new Book(); book.setTitle("Java编程思想" ); Author author=new Author(); author.setId(1); author.setName("Bruce Eckel" ); book.setAuthor(author); Intent intent=new Intent( this ,SecondActivity. class ); intent.putExtra("book" ,book); startActivity(intent);
接收数据
Book book= (Book) getIntent().getSerializableExtra( "book" ); Log.d(TAG,"book title->" +book.getTitle()); Log.d(TAG,"book author name->" +book.getAuthor().getName());
2.转化为JSON字符串
Model
public class Author{ private int id; private String name; } public class Book{ private String title; private Author author; }
传递数据
Book book= new Book(); book.setTitle("Java编程思想" ); Author author=new Author(); author.setId(1); author.setName("Bruce Eckel" ); book.setAuthor(author); Intent intent=new Intent( this ,SecondActivity. class ); intent.putExtra("book" , new Gson().toJson(book)); startActivity(intent);
接收数据
String bookJson=getIntent().getStringExtra( "book" ); Book book=new Gson().fromJson(bookJson,Book. class ); Log.d(TAG,"book title->" +book.getTitle()); Log.d(TAG,"book author name->" +book.getAuthor().getName());
3.使用Parcelable
实现Parcelable
接口需要实现两个方法
除了要实现这两个方法还必须创建一个Parcelable.Creator
接口的实例,用于读取Parcel容器中的数据
Model
public class Author implements Parcelable{ private int id; private String name; @Override public int describeContents() { return 0; } @Override public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) { dest.writeString(name); dest.writeInt(id); } public static final Creator<Author> CREATOR= new Creator<Author>() { @Override public Author createFromParcel(Parcel source) { Author author=new Author(); author.setName(source.readString()); author.setId(source.readInt()); return author; } @Override public Author[] newArray( int size) { return new Author[size]; } }; }
public class Book implements Parcelable{ private String title; private Author author; @Override public int describeContents() { return 0; } @Override public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) { dest.writeString(title); dest.writeParcelable(author,flags); } public static final Creator<Book> CREATOR= new Creator<Book>() { @Override public Book createFromParcel(Parcel source) { Book book=new Book(); book.setTitle(source.readString()); book.setAuthor(source.<Author>readParcelable(Author.class .getClassLoader())); return book; } @Override public Book[] newArray( int size) { return new Book[0]; } }; }
传递数据
Book book= new Book(); book.setTitle("Java编程思想" ); Author author=new Author(); author.setId(1); author.setName("Bruce Eckel" ); book.setAuthor(author); Intent intent=new Intent( this ,SecondActivity. class ); intent.putExtra("book" ,book); startActivity(intent);
接收数据
Book book=getIntent().getParcelableExtra( "book" ); Log.d(TAG,"book title->" +book.getTitle()); Log.d(TAG,"book author name->" +book.getAuthor().getName());
4.性能分析
经过测试 ,我们得到下图的效果
可以看出,通过转换为字符串的速度是最慢的。Seralizable次之,Parcelable比Seralizable快10倍。所以从性能上考 虑,我们必定优先选择Parcelable。但是Parcelable有大量重复的模板代码,如何简化这些操作,将是下面主要讲解的内容。
5.简化Parcel操作
如果你使用android Studio 可以通过安装android-parcelable-intellij-plugin 插件,或者自己配置模板 进行操作。
5.1 parceler
除了上面的操作,还有大量的第三方库来简化Parcelable操作。当然使用这些库也许会降低Parcelable的性能。Parceler 就是这样一个库。
Parceler使用非常简单,在定义Model时用@Parcel
进行注解,在传递数据的时候使用Parcels
的wrap
方法来包装成一个Parcelable
对象。获取数据时用Parcels
的unwrap
方法来获取对象。
Model
@Parcel public class Author { int id; String name; }
@Parcel public class Book { String title; Author author; }
传递对象
Book book= new Book(); book.setTitle("Java编程思想" ); Author author=new Author(); author.setId(1); author.setName("Bruce Eckel" ); book.setAuthor(author); Intent intent=new Intent( this ,SecondActivity. class ); intent.putExtra("book" , Parcels.wrap(book)); startActivity(intent);
接收对象
Book book= Parcels.unwrap(getIntent().getParcelableExtra( "book" )); Log.d(TAG,"book title->" +book.getTitle()); Log.d(TAG,"book author name->" +book.getAuthor().getName());
除了Parceler之外,还有如auto-parcel ,ParcelableCodeGenerator ,ParcelableGenerator 等第三方库,这里我将不进行讲解,有兴趣的朋友,可以自行研究。
原文:http://blog.csdn.net/actual_/article/details/8278320