Vmware centos 虚拟机扩容

虚拟机硬盘容量扩展

虚拟机设置->硬盘->扩展

修改要扩展到的容量 点击扩展

然后重启虚拟机

初始化硬盘并合并

进入 刚才扩展空间的的虚拟机
查看磁盘总容量并分区
对系统磁盘扩容后，我们需要查看当前磁盘的容量，当前磁盘默认会在/dev/sda路径下。此时可以使用命令进行查

[root@host11 ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): p   --输入p，查看当前分区信息

Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors  // --磁盘容量变大了  ，我们需要对磁盘进行分区。
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0009e458

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200    41943039    19921920   8e  Linux LVM

Command (m for help): n  --新建分区命令：n

Partition type: --(直接回车，默认为主分区（primary）；分区号，起始扇区，结束扇区都用默认，一路回车，直到提示继续输入Fdisk命令的位置。)
   p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): 
Using default response p
Partition number (3,4, default 3): 
First sector (41943040-83886079, default 41943040): 
Using default value 41943040
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (41943040-83886079, default 83886079): 
Using default value 83886079
Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set
--为分区设置分区格式，在Fdisk命令处输入：t
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-3, default 3):  --分区号用默认，直接回车，
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e --Hex代码输入：8e。代表适用Linux LVM分区类型。
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

Command (m for help): w  --最后写入分区表，在Fdisk命令位置输入：w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.



[root@host11 ~]# fdisk -l  ---查看磁盘分区到了一个 sda3

Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0009e458

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200    41943039    19921920   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3        41943040    83886079    20971520   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 18.2 GB, 18249416704 bytes, 35643392 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

格式化新分区
重启系统

[root@host11 ~]# partprobe
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system).  /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.
[root@host11 ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda3
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1310720 inodes, 5242880 blocks
262144 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
160 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
        4096000

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done   

然后合并分区
合并操作我们需要在LVM中进行操作。 直接输入如下命令

[root@host11 ~]# lvm
lvm> pvcreate /dev/sda3      -- 对dev/sda3进行初始化
WARNING: ext3 signature detected on /dev/sda3 at offset 1080. Wipe it? [y/n]: y
  Wiping ext3 signature on /dev/sda3.
  Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created.
  // lvm 中执行 或者 不在lvm 中执行也可以 将新分区添加进系统默认的Volume group
  //，centOS的默认Volume group为centos
[root@host11 ~]# vgextend centos /dev/sda3  
  Volume group "centos" successfully extended
[root@host11 ~]# vgdisplay -v
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               centos
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  4
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               38.99 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              9982
  Alloc PE / Size       4863 / <19.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       5119 / <20.00 GiB
  VG UUID               DSYDbO-xeu1-kOdN-3DXb-Q3xH-LVsE-1vz1IL
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/swap
  LV Name                swap
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                bIDcdG-1zD5-p7vC-OFZ3-27iR-PvxV-oh5YPL
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2021-04-06 19:40:07 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                2.00 GiB
  Current LE             512
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:1
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                RCwYgj-CujI-sO4k-b6KH-E55s-VDkf-WYJc0d
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2021-04-06 19:40:07 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                <17.00 GiB
  Current LE             4351
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:0
   
  --- Physical volumes ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2     
  PV UUID               wsD0Bk-9Fpo-cLiE-ycfz-Ec8u-ckzo-YXdSxB
  PV Status             allocatable
  Total PE / Free PE    4863 / 0
   
  PV Name               /dev/sda3       //我们看到 多了一个 硬盘
  PV UUID               LEXAzk-MCoo-gFMz-r6Kn-uSLc-6CLc-DL9yRL
  PV Status             allocatable
  Total PE / Free PE    5119 / 5119
   
[root@host11 ~]# lvextend -l+5119 /dev/mapper/centos-root   //将sda三的剩余容量合并到  系统盘  /dev/centos/root  
  Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <17.00 GiB (4351 extents) to 36.99 GiB (9470 extents).
  Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root

验证结果

[root@host12 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0009e458

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200    41943039    19921920   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3        41943040    83886079    20971520   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 39.7 GB, 39720058880 bytes, 77578240 sectors   -- 这个盘的空间变大了
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes