数据库增删改查的基本sql语法略........ 直接进入SQLite3的使用。
SQLite3常用函数:
1、打开数据库连接
int sqlite3_open(
const char *filename,
sqlite3 **ppDb /* OUT: SQLite 数据库句柄 */
);
2、关闭数据库
int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*); //参数数据库句柄。
3、sqlite3_exec()可以执行任何SQL语句,比如创表、更新、插入和删除操作。但是一般不用它执行查询语句,因为它不会返回查询到的数据
int sqlite3_exec(
sqlite3*, /* 已经打开的数据库句柄 */
const char *sql, /* 要执行的Sql语句 可以包括事务("BEGIN TRANSACTION")、回滚("ROLLBACK")和提交("COMMIT")*/
sqlite_callback, /* 回调函数*/
void *, /*传递给回调函数的参数*/
char **errmsg /* 保存错误信息*/
);
4、sql语句准备函数
int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
sqlite3 *db, /* 已经打开的数据库句柄 */
const char *zSql, /* 要执行的Sql语句 , UTF-8 encoded */
int nByte, /* 如果nByte小于0,则函数取出zSql中从开始到第一个0终止符的内容;如果nByte不是负的,那么它就是这个函数能从zSql中读取的字节数的最大值。如果nBytes非负,zSql在第一次遇见’/000/或’u000’的时候终止 */
sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt, /*上面提到zSql在遇见终止符或者是达到设定的nByte之后结束,假如zSql还有剩余的内容,那么这些剩余的内容被存放到pZTail中,不包括终止符*/
const char **pzTail /* 能够使用sqlite3_step()执行的编译好的准备语句的指针,如果错误发生,它被置为NULL,如假如输入的文本不包括sql语句。调用过程必须负责在编译好的sql语句完成使用后使用sqlite3_finalize()删除它 */
);
5、sqlite3_bind_text(
sqlite3_stmt*, /* 已经打开的数据库句柄 */
int, /* 占位符的位置,第一个占位符的位置是1,不是0 */
const char*, /* 占位符要绑定的值 */
int, /* 指在第3个参数中所传递数据的长度,对于C字符串,可以传递-1代替字符串的长 */
void(*)(void*) /* 可选的函数回调,一般用于在语句执行后完成内存清理工作*/
);
6、sqlite_step():执行SQL语句,返回SQLITE_DONE代表成功执行完毕
8、sqlite_finalize():销毁sqlite3_stmt *对象
9、int sqlite3_get_table执行Sql查询,执行一次查询Sql 并且返回得到一个记录集。
int sqlite3_get_table(
sqlite3*, /* 已经打开的数据库句柄 */
const char *sql, /* 要执行的Sql语句*/
char ***resultp, /* 保存返回记录集的指针,包含列名及烈属性值。行优先,从0起计数下标*/
int *nrow, /*返回记录行数数*/
int *ncolumn, /* 返回记录列数*/
char **errmsg /* 返回错误信息*/
)
10、void sqlite3_free_table(char **result); 释放当前查询的记录集所占用的内存
占位插入例子:
- charchar *sql = "insert into t_person(name, age) values(?, ?);";
- sqlite3_stmt *stmt;
- if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sql, -1, &stmt, NULL) == SQLITE_OK) {
- sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, 1, "小明", -1, NULL);
- sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 2, 27);
- }
- if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
- NSLog(@"插入数据错误");
- }
- sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
查询例子:
- const charchar *sql = "select name,price from t_shop";
- sqlite3_stmt *stmt = NULL;
- int status = sqlite3_prepare_v2(self.db, sql , -1, &stmt, NULL);
- if (status == SQLITE_OK) { // 准备成功 -- SQL语句正确
- while (sqlite3_step(stmt) == SQLITE_ROW) {// 成功取出一条数据
- const charchar *name = (const charchar *)sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 0);
- const charchar *price = (const charchar *)sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 1);
- NSString name = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:name];
- NSString price = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:price];
- }
- }
2.实战案例:输入商品、价格,添加插入一条记录显示在table中,也可以查询。
1.项目引入libsqlite3
2.代码:
- //
- // ViewController.m
- // sqlite
- //
- //
- #import "ViewController.h"
- #import <sqlite3.h>
- #import "ZXHShop.h"
- @interface ViewController ()<UITableViewDataSource,UISearchBarDelegate>
- @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *nameField;
- @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *priceFIeld;
- @property (assign,nonatomic) sqlite3 *db;
- @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITableView *tableVIew;
- @property (strong,nonatomic) NSMutableArray *shops;
- - (IBAction)insertShop;
- @end
- @implementation ViewController
- - (void)viewDidLoad {
- [super viewDidLoad];
- //初始化数据库
- [self setupDB];
- [self setupData];
- // 增加搜索框
- UISearchBar *searchBar = [[UISearchBar alloc] init];
- searchBar.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 44);
- searchBar.delegate = self;
- self.tableVIew.tableHeaderView = searchBar;
- }
- - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
- [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
- // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
- }
- -(NSMutableArray *)shops{
- if (!_shops) {
- _shops = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
- }
- return _shops;
- }
- //初始化数据库
- -(void)setupDB{
- //沙盒路径
- NSString *filename = [[NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES)lastObject] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"shops.sqlite"];
- NSLog(@"%@",filename);
- // 如果数据库文件不存在, 系统会自动创建文件自动初始化数据
- // sqlite3_open([path UTF8String], &db); 参入:一:存放地址 二:数据库实例
- int status = sqlite3_open(filename.UTF8String, &_db); //返回SQLITE_OK代码打开成功
- if (status == SQLITE_OK) {//打开成功
- //创建表
- const char *sql= "create table if not exists t_shop(id integer primary key,name text not null,price real)";
- charchar *errmsg = NULL;
- sqlite3_exec(self.db, sql, NULL, NULL, &errmsg);
- if (errmsg) {
- NSLog(@"创建表失败!%s",errmsg);
- }
- }else{
- NSLog(@"打开数据库失败!");
- }
- }
- //新增商品
- - (IBAction)insertShop {
- NSString *sql = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"insert into t_shop(name,price) values('%@',%f)",self.nameField.text,self.priceFIeld.text.doubleValue];
- charchar *errmsg = NULL;
- sqlite3_exec(self.db, sql.UTF8String, NULL, NULL, &errmsg);
- if (errmsg) {
- NSLog(@"添加商品失败!");
- }else{
- [self alert];
- ZXHShop *shop = [[ZXHShop alloc] init];
- shop.name = self.nameField.text;
- shop.price = self.priceFIeld.text;
- [self.shops addObject:shop];
- self.nameField.text = @"";
- self.priceFIeld.text = @"";
- [self.tableVIew reloadData];
- }
- }
- /**
- 查询数据
- */
- -(void)setupData{
- const charchar *sql = "select name,price from t_shop";
- sqlite3_stmt *stmt = NULL;
- int status = sqlite3_prepare_v2(self.db, sql , -1, &stmt, NULL);
- if (status == SQLITE_OK) { // 准备成功 -- SQL语句正确
- while (sqlite3_step(stmt) == SQLITE_ROW) {// 成功取出一条数据
- const charchar *name = (const charchar *)sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 0);
- const charchar *price = (const charchar *)sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 1);
- ZXHShop *shop = [[ZXHShop alloc] init];
- shop.name = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:name];
- shop.price = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:price];
- [self.shops addObject:shop];
- }
- }
- }
- -(void)alert{
- UIAlertController *alert = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:NULL message:@"新增成功" preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];
- UIAlertAction *close = [UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"关闭" style:UIAlertActionStyleCancel handler:nil];
- [alert addAction:close];
- [self presentViewController:alert animated:YES completion:nil];
- }
- #pragma mark table数据源方法
- -(NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section{
- return self.shops.count;
- }
- -(UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{
- static NSString *ID = @"shop";
- UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:ID];
- if (!cell) {
- cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc]initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleSubtitle reuseIdentifier:ID];
- cell.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];
- }
- ZXHShop *shop = self.shops[indexPath.row];
- cell.textLabel.text = shop.name;
- cell.detailTextLabel.text = shop.price;
- cell.detailTextLabel.textColor = [UIColor redColor];
- return cell;
- }
- #pragma mark searchBarDelegate
- -(void)searchBar:(UISearchBar *)searchBar textDidChange:(NSString *)searchText{
- [self.shops removeAllObjects];
- NSString *sql = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"select name,price from t_shop where name like '%%%@%%' or price like '%%%@%%'",searchText,searchText];
- sqlite3_stmt *stmt = NULL;
- int status = sqlite3_prepare_v2(self.db, sql.UTF8String, -1, &stmt, NULL);
- if (status == SQLITE_OK) {
- while (sqlite3_step(stmt) == SQLITE_ROW) {
- const charchar *name = (const charchar *)sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 0);
- const charchar *price = (const charchar *)sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 1);
- ZXHShop *shop = [[ZXHShop alloc]init];
- shop.name = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:name];
- shop.price = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:price];
- [self.shops addObject:shop];
- }
- }
- [self.tableVIew reloadData];
- }
- @end