sqlzoo答案参考（全）

本文是作者在做完SQLZOO Tutorial练习后整理的答案，仅供参考。

SELECT basics

1. Introducing the world table of countries

The example uses a WHERE clause to show the population of ‘France’. Note that strings (pieces of text that are data) should be in ‘single quotes’;

Modify it to show the population of Germany

SELECT population FROM world 
WHERE name = 'Germany'

2. Scandinavia

Checking a list The word IN allows us to check if an item is in a list. The example shows the name and population for the countries ‘Brazil’, ‘Russia’, ‘India’ and ‘China’.

Show the name and the population for ‘Sweden’, ‘Norway’ and ‘Denmark’.

SELECT name, population FROM world
WHERE name IN ('Sweden', 'Norway', 'Denmark')

3. Just the right size

Which countries are not too small and not too big? BETWEEN allows range checking (range specified is inclusive of boundary values). The example below shows countries with an area of 250,000-300,000 sq. km. Modify it to show the country and the area for countries with an area between 200,000 and 250,000.

SELECT name, area FROM world
WHERE area BETWEEN 200000 AND 250000

SELECT from world

1. Introduction

Read the notes about this table. Observe the result of running this SQL command to show the name, continent and population of all countries.

SELECT name, continent, population FROM world

2. Large Countries

How to use WHERE to filter records. Show the name for the countries that have a population of at least 200 million. 200 million is 200000000, there are eight zeros.

SELECT name FROM world
WHERE population > 200000000

3. Per capita GDP

Give the name and the per capita GDP for those countries with a population of at least 200 million.

select name, gdp/population from world 
where population> 200000000

4. South America In millions

Show the name and population in millions for the countries of the continent ‘South America’. Divide the population by 1000000 to get population in millions.

select name,population/1000000 from world 
where continent='South America'

5. France, Germany, Italy

Show the name and population for France, Germany, Italy

select name,population from world 
where name in ('France','Germany','Italy')

6. United

Show the countries which have a name that includes the word ‘United’

select name from world where name like '%United%'

7. Two ways to be big

Two ways to be big: A country is big if it has an area of more than 3 million sq km or it has a population of more than 250 million.

Show the countries that are big by area or big by population. Show name, population and area.

select name,population,area from world 
where area>3000000 or population>250000000

8. One or the other (but not both)

Exclusive OR (XOR). Show the countries that are big by area or big by population but not both. Show name, population and area.

Australia has a big area but a small population, it should be included.
Indonesia has a big population but a small area, it should be included.
China has a big population and big area, it should be excluded.
United Kingdom has a small population and a small area, it should be excluded.

select name,population,area from world 
where area> 3000000 xor population>250000000

9. Rounding

Show the name and population in millions and the GDP in billions for the countries of the continent ‘South America’. Use the ROUND function to show the values to two decimal places.

For South America show population in millions and GDP in billions both to 2 decimal places.

select name,round(population/1000000,2),round(gdp/1000000000,2) from world 
where continent='South America'

10. Trillion dollar economies

Show the name and per-capita GDP for those countries with a GDP of at least one trillion (1000000000000; that is 12 zeros). Round this value to the nearest 1000.

Show per-capita GDP for the trillion dollar countries to the nearest $1000.

select name,round(gdp/population,-3) from world 
where gdp>= 1000000000000

11. Name and capital have the same length

Greece has capital Athens.

Each of the strings ‘Greece’, and ‘Athens’ has 6 characters.

Show the name and capital where the name and the capital have the same number of characters.

You can use the LENGTH function to find the number of characters in a string

SELECT name,capital FROM world
WHERE LENGTH(name)=LENGTH(capital)

12. Matching name and capital

The capital of Sweden is Stockholm. Both words start with the letter ‘S’.

Show the name and the capital where the first letters of each match. Don’t include countries where the name and the capital are the same word.
You can use the function LEFT to isolate the first character.
You can use <> as the NOT EQUALS operator.

SELECT name, capital FROM world
where LEFT(name,1)=LEFT(capital,1) and name<>capital

13. All the vowels

Equatorial Guinea and Dominican Republic have all of the vowels (a e i o u) in the name. They don’t count because they have more than one word in the name.

Find the country that has all the vowels and no spaces in its name.

You can use the phrase name NOT LIKE ‘%a%’ to exclude characters from your results.
The query shown misses countries like Bahamas and Belarus because they contain at least one ‘a’

SELECT name FROM world
WHERE name LIKE '%a%' 
and name LIKE '%e%' 
and name LIKE '%i%' 
and name LIKE '%o%' 
and name LIKE '%u%'
  AND name NOT LIKE '% %'

SELECT from nobel

1. Winners from 1950

Change the query shown so that it displays Nobel prizes for 1950.

SELECT yr, subject, winner FROM nobel 
WHERE yr = 1950

2. 1962 Literature

Show who won the 1962 prize for Literature.

SELECT winner FROM nobel 
WHERE yr = 1962 AND subject = 'Literature'

3. Albert Einstein

Show the year and subject that won ‘Albert Einstein’ his prize.

select yr,subject from nobel 
where winner='Albert Einstein'

4. Recent Peace Prizes

Give the name of the ‘Peace’ winners since the year 2000, including 2000.

select winner from nobel 
where subject='Peace' and yr>=2000

5. Literature in the 1980’s

Show all details (yr, subject, winner) of the Literature prize winners for 1980 to 1989 inclusive.

select*from nobel 
where subject='Literature' and yr between 1980 and 1989

6. Only Presidents

Show all details of the presidential winners:

Theodore Roosevelt
Woodrow Wilson
Jimmy Carter
Barack Obama

SELECT * FROM nobel 
WHERE winner IN ('Theodore Roosevelt',
                  'Woodrow Wilson',
                  'Jimmy Carter',
                  'Barack Obama')

7. John

Show the winners with first name John

select winner from nobel 
where winner like 'John %'

8. Chemistry and Physics from different years

Show the year, subject, and name of Physics winners for 1980 together with the Chemistry winners for 1984.

select*from nobel 
where