英文操作系统安装英文版oracle，字符集由英文转为中文

查看当前字符集

引用

SQL> select * from nls_database_parameters where parameter like '%SET%'; 

PARAMETER                      VALUE 
------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- 
NLS_CHARACTERSET               WE8ISO8859P1 
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET         AL16UTF16 

引用

SQL> select userenv('language') from dual; 

USERENV('LANGUAGE') 
---------------------------------------------------- 
AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P1

尝试直接修改字符集

引用

SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK; 
ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK 
* 
ERROR at line 1: 
ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set

采用Oracle内部命令修改字符集（注意：此流程仅用于测试，在Oracle 10g中建议用CSALTER修改！）

引用

SQL> shutdown immediate 
Database closed. 
Database dismounted. 
ORACLE instance shut down. 
SQL> startup mount 
ORACLE instance started. 

Total System Global Area  167772160 bytes 
Fixed Size                  1218316 bytes 
Variable Size              62916852 bytes 
Database Buffers          100663296 bytes 
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes 
Database mounted. 
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION; 

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;                         

System altered. 

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0; 

System altered. 

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0; 

System altered. 

SQL>  ALTER DATABASE OPEN; 

Database altered. 

SQL>  ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE zhs16gbk; 

Database altered.

修改时alert日志显示：

引用

Completed:  ALTER DATABASE OPEN 
Tue May 18 10:56:43 2010 
ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE zhs16gbk 
Tue May 18 10:56:47 2010 
Updating character set in controlfile to ZHS16GBK 
Synchronizing connection with database character set information 
Refreshing type attributes with new character set information 
Completed: ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE zhs16gbk

查看修改后结果：

引用

SQL> select * from nls_database_parameters where parameter like '%SET%'; 

PARAMETER 
------------------------------ 
VALUE 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
NLS_CHARACTERSET 
ZHS16GBK 

NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET 
AL16UTF16

引用

SQL> select userenv('language') from dual; 

USERENV('LANGUAGE') 
---------------------------------------------------- 
AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK