Listener、Filter、Servlet都有一个初始化的过程,对应的方法分别为:
contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent arg0)
init(FilterConfig filterConfig)
init(ServletConfig config)
那么它们的初始化顺序是什么呢?
Listener > Filter > Servlet
TestServlet.java
Java代码
package com.cos;import java.io.IOException;import javax.servlet.GenericServlet;import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;public class TestServlet extends GenericServlet {@Overridepublic void init(ServletConfig config){System.out.println("Servlet 初始化 。。。");}@Overridepublic void service(ServletRequest arg0, ServletResponse arg1) throws ServletException, IOException {System.out.println("Servlet service 。。。");}}
TestFilter.java
Java代码
package com.cos;import java.io.IOException;import javax.servlet.Filter;import javax.servlet.FilterChain;import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;public class TestFilter implements Filter{public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {System.out.println("Filter 初始化。。。");}public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {System.out.println("doFilter 。。。");chain.doFilter(request, response);}public void destroy() {System.out.println("Filter 销毁。。。");}}
TestListener.java
Java代码
package com.cos;import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;public class TestListener implements ServletContextListener{public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent arg0) {System.out.println("Listener 初始化。。。");}public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent arg0) {System.out.println("Listener 销毁。。。");}}
web.xml
Xml代码
xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"><servlet><servlet-name>sservlet-name><servlet-class>com.cos.TestServletservlet-class>servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>sservlet-name><url-pattern>/loginurl-pattern>servlet-mapping><filter><filter-name>ffilter-name><filter-class>com.cos.TestFilterfilter-class>filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>ffilter-name><url-pattern>/*url-pattern>filter-mapping><listener><listener-class>com.cos.TestListenerlistener-class>listener>web-app>
启动tomcat后,在控制台里以此打印出:
Listener 初始化。。。
Filter 初始化。。。
信息: Server startup in 675 ms
可以看出Listener的初始化最早,Filter次之。他俩的初始化都是在容器启动完成之前初始化的。
Servlet没有初始化,原因是没有匹配的请求进来。
初始化的顺序跟Listener、Filter、Servlet在web.xml中的顺序无关
而多个Filter或多个Servlet的时候,谁的mapping在前面,谁先初始化。