如何创建工具栏控件！

 

 

如上图，如何实现这样的工具 栏呢？
相信用C# 去实现WM程序 的朋友，都接触过标准的ToolBar控件 。
标准控件的不足，这里就不说了。如何实现图中的效果 呢？
首先，你需要先解决 下面几个技术 问题：
1、PNG透明贴图。可以用IImagingFactory.cs类去实现，该类可以在很多透明控件例子 里面找到。

 

public enum PixelFormatID : int { PixelFormatIndexed = 0x00010000, PixelFormatGDI = 0x00020000, PixelFormatAlpha = 0x00040000, PixelFormatPAlpha = 0x00080000, PixelFormatExtended = 0x00100000, PixelFormatCanonical = 0x00200000, PixelFormatUndefined = 0, PixelFormatDontCare = 0, PixelFormat1bppIndexed = (1 | (1 << 8) | PixelFormatIndexed | PixelFormatGDI), PixelFormat4bppIndexed = (2 | (4 << 8) | PixelFormatIndexed | PixelFormatGDI), PixelFormat8bppIndexed = (3 | (8 << 8) | PixelFormatIndexed | PixelFormatGDI), PixelFormat16bppRGB555 = (5 | (16 << 8) | PixelFormatGDI), PixelFormat16bppRGB565 = (6 | (16 << 8) | PixelFormatGDI), PixelFormat16bppARGB1555 = (7 | (16 << 8) | PixelFormatAlpha | PixelFormatGDI), PixelFormat24bppRGB = (8 | (24 << 8) | PixelFormatGDI), PixelFormat32bppRGB = (9 | (32 << 8) | PixelFormatGDI), PixelFormat32bppARGB = (10 | (32 << 8) | PixelFormatAlpha | PixelFormatGDI | PixelFormatCanonical), PixelFormat32bppPARGB = (11 | (32 << 8) | PixelFormatAlpha | PixelFormatPAlpha | PixelFormatGDI), PixelFormat48bppRGB = (12 | (48 << 8) | PixelFormatExtended), PixelFormat64bppARGB = (13 | (64 << 8) | PixelFormatAlpha | PixelFormatCanonical | PixelFormatExtended), PixelFormat64bppPARGB = (14 | (64 << 8) | PixelFormatAlpha | PixelFormatPAlpha | PixelFormatExtended), PixelFormatMax = 15 } public enum BufferDisposalFlag : int { BufferDisposalFlagNone, BufferDisposalFlagGlobalFree, BufferDisposalFlagCoTaskMemFree, BufferDisposalFlagUnmapView } public enum InterpolationHint : int { InterpolationHintDefault, InterpolationHintNearestNeighbor, InterpolationHintBilinear, InterpolationHintAveraging, InterpolationHintBicubic } public struct BitmapData { public uint Width; public uint Height; public int Stride; public PixelFormatID PixelFormat; public IntPtr Scan0; public IntPtr Reserved; } public struct ImageInfo { public uint GuidPart1; public uint GuidPart2; public uint GuidPart3; public uint GuidPart4; public PixelFormatID pixelFormat; public uint Width; public uint Height; public uint TileWidth; public uint TileHeight; public double Xdpi; public double Ydpi; public uint Flags; } [ComImport, Guid("327ABDA7-072B-11D3-9D7B-0000F81EF32E"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] [ComVisible(true)] public interface IImagingFactory { uint CreateImageFromStream(); uint CreateImageFromFile(string filename, out IImage image); uint CreateImageFromBuffer([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] byte[] buffer, uint size, BufferDisposalFlag disposalFlag, out IImage image); uint CreateNewBitmap(uint width, uint height, PixelFormatID pixelFormat, out IBitmapImage bitmap); uint CreateBitmapFromImage(IImage image, uint width, uint height, PixelFormatID pixelFormat, InterpolationHint hints, out IBitmapImage bitmap); uint CreateBitmapFromBuffer(); uint CreateImageDecoder(); uint CreateImageEncoderToStream(); uint CreateImageEncoderToFile(); uint GetInstalledDecoders(); uint GetInstalledEncoders(); uint InstallImageCodec(); uint UninstallImageCodec(); } [ComImport, Guid("327ABDA9-072B-11D3-9D7B-0000F81EF32E"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] [ComVisible(true)] public interface IImage { uint GetPhysicalDimension(out Size size); uint GetImageInfo(out ImageInfo info); uint SetImageFlags(uint flags); uint Draw(IntPtr hdc, ref Rectangle dstRect, IntPtr NULL); uint PushIntoSink(); uint GetThumbnail(uint thumbWidth, uint thumbHeight, out IImage thumbImage); } [ComImport, Guid("327ABDAA-072B-11D3-9D7B-0000F81EF32E"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] [ComVisible(true)] public interface IBitmapImage { uint GetSize(out Size size); uint GetPixelFormatID(out PixelFormatID pixelFormat); uint LockBits(ref Rectangle rect, uint flags, PixelFormatID pixelFormat, out BitmapData lockedBitmapData); uint UnlockBits(ref BitmapData lockedBitmapData); uint GetPalette(); uint SetPalette(); }

 

2、渐变色绘画。可以用GradientStyle.cs，这个类也不难找。

 

public class GradientStyle { private const int GRADIENT_FILL_RECT_H = 0x00000000; private const int GRADIENT_FILL_RECT_V = 0x00000001; private const int GRADIENT_FILL_TRIANGLE = 0x00000002; public struct TRIVERTEX { public int x; public int y; public ushort Red; public ushort Green; public ushort Blue; public ushort Alpha; public TRIVERTEX(int x, int y, Color color) : this(x, y, color.R, color.G, color.B, color.A) { } public TRIVERTEX( int x, int y, ushort red, ushort green, ushort blue, ushort alpha) { this.x = x; this.y = y; this.Red = (ushort)(red << 8); this.Green = (ushort)(green << 8); this.Blue = (ushort)(blue << 8); this.Alpha = (ushort)(alpha << 8); } } public struct GRADIENT_RECT { public uint UpperLeft; public uint LowerRight; public GRADIENT_RECT(uint ul, uint lr) { this.UpperLeft = ul; this.LowerRight = lr; } } [DllImport("coredll.dll", SetLastError = true, EntryPoint = "GradientFill")] public extern static bool GradientFill( IntPtr hdc, TRIVERTEX[] pVertex, uint dwNumVertex, GRADIENT_RECT[] pMesh, uint dwNumMesh, uint dwMode); public static bool Fill( Graphics gr, Rectangle rc, Color startColor, Color endColor, FillDirection fillDir) { TRIVERTEX[] tva = new TRIVERTEX[2]; tva[0] = new TRIVERTEX(rc.X, rc.Y, startColor); tva[1] = new TRIVERTEX(rc.Right, rc.Bottom, endColor); GRADIENT_RECT[] gra = new GRADIENT_RECT[] { new GRADIENT_RECT(0, 1) }; IntPtr hdc = gr.GetHdc(); bool b; b = GradientFill( hdc, tva, (uint)tva.Length, gra, (uint)gra.Length, (uint)fillDir); System.Diagnostics.Debug.Assert(b, string.Format( "GradientFill failed: {0}", System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.GetLastWin32Error())); gr.ReleaseHdc(hdc); return b; } public enum FillDirection { LeftToRight = GRADIENT_FILL_RECT_H, TopToBottom = GRADIENT_FILL_RECT_V, TRIANGLE = GRADIENT_FILL_TRIANGLE } }

 

首先，添加一个240*50的UserControl，并绘制渐变的底色。

 

private void UserControl_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e) { Graphics buffer = e.Graphics; 如果是WM6.5操作系统 { GradientStyle.Fill( buffer, this.ClientRectangle, System.Drawing.SystemColors.Control, System.Drawing.SystemColors.WindowFrame, GradientStyle.FillDirection.TopToBottom); } else { GradientStyle.Fill( buffer, this.ClientRectangle, System.Drawing.SystemColors.Window, System.Drawing.SystemColors.ActiveCaption, GradientStyle.FillDirection.TopToBottom); } buffer.Dispose(); }

 

 

其次，就是创建小BUTTON控件类了。它有图标，选中时底图，点击时底图组成。
这部分很简单，还真没多少技术含量。下面摘录下主要的绘制过程：

 

private IImage imageIcon;   //图标
        private IImage imageBackActive;  //点击时的图标
        private IImage imageBack;  //选中时的图标
        private bool isSelected;  // 是否选中
        private bool isPressed;  //是否点击
        private Bitmap m_bmpMemoire;
        private Graphics gxMemoire;

 protected override void OnPaint(System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            if (m_bmpMemoire == null)
            {
                m_bmpMemoire = new Bitmap(ClientSize.Width, ClientSize.Height);
            }
            gxMemoire = Graphics.FromImage(m_bmpMemoire);
IntPtr hdcDest = gxMemoire.GetHdc();
            Rectangle dstRect = new Rectangle(0, 0, ClientSize.Width, ClientSize.Height);
            if (isPressed)
            {
                if (imageBackActive != null)
                    imageBackActive.Draw(hdcDest, ref dstRect, IntPtr.Zero);
            }
            else if (isSelected)
            {
                if (imageBack != null)
                    imageBack.Draw(hdcDest, ref dstRect, IntPtr.Zero);
            }
if (imageIcon != null)
            {
                ImageInfo iiconInfo = new ImageInfo();
                imageIcon.GetImageInfo(out iiconInfo);
                dstRect = new Rectangle((ClientSize.Width - (int)iiconInfo.Width) / 2, (ClientSize.Height - (int)iiconInfo.Height) / 2, (ClientSize.Width + (int)iiconInfo.Width) / 2, (ClientSize.Height + (int)iiconInfo.Height ) / 2);
                imageIcon.Draw(hdcDest, ref dstRect, IntPtr.Zero);
            }
            gxMemoire.ReleaseHdc(hdcDest);
e.Graphics.DrawImage(m_bmpMemoire, 0, 0);
            gxMemoire.Dispose();
            base.OnPaint(e);
}