单例模式的几种实现

1 懒汉式，线程不安全：

public class Singleton{
private static Singleton singleton;
private Singleton(){}
public static Singleton getSingleton(){
	if(instance==null){
		instance = new Singleton();
	}
	return instance;
}	 
}

2 懒汉式，线程安全：加入synchronized关键字
优点：实例化一次，避免内存浪费
缺点：加锁会降低效率

public class Singleton{
private static Singleton singleton;
private Singleton(){}
public static synchronized Singleton getSingleton(){
	if(instance==null){
		instance = new Singleton();
	}
	return instance;
}	 
}

3 饿汉式，线程安全：在类加载时就实例化对象
优点：没有加锁，效率会很高
缺点：类加载就实例化，浪费内存

public class Singleton{
private static Singleton singleton = new Singleton();
private Singleton(){}
public static  Singleton getSingleton(){
	return instance;
}	 
}

4 双检索(Double-checked-locking):双锁机制，多线程下保持高性能

public class Singleton{
private volatile static Singleton singleton;
private Singleton(){}
public static  Singleton getSingleton(){
	if(instance==null){
		synchronized(Singleton.class){
			if(instance==null){
					instance = new Singleton();
			}
		}
	}
	return instance;
}	 
}

5 登记式静态内部类：懒加载，线程安全

public class Singleton{
private static class SingleHolder{
	private static final Singleton instance = new Singleton();
}
private Singleton(){}
public static  final Singleton getSingleton(){
	return SingleHolder.instance;;
}	 
}