springboot自动装配

自动装配是通过@EnableAutoConfiguration注解开启的，这个注解在启动类注解@SpringBootApplication内

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration
进入@EnableAutoConfiguration注解 看到有@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})
其中@AutoConfigurationPackage作用是把该类所在的包及子包下的所有组件扫描到ioc容器中
AutoConfigurationImportSelector实现了ImportSelector，通过selectImports返回一个String数组，这个数组可以指定需要装配到IOC容器的类，与@Cofiguration不同的是AutoConfigurationImportSelector可以实现批量装载

DEMO：
定义对象

public class FirstClass {

    private String rtn;

    public String getRtn() {
        return rtn;
    }

    public void setRtn(String rtn) {
        this.rtn = rtn;
    }

定义MySelector

public class MySelector  implements ImportSelector {

    @Override
    public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
        return new String[]{FirstClass.class.getName(),SenondClass.class.getName()};
    }

定义AutoConfig模拟EnableAutoConfiguration

@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Import(MySelector.class)
public @interface MyAtuoConfig {
}

定义启动类并使用MyAtuoConfig 即可获取bean

@SpringBootApplication
@MyAtuoConfig
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context= SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
        FirstClass firstClass=context.getBean(FirstClass.class);

原理分析
AutoConfigurationImportSelector类

 public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
        if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
            return NO_IMPORTS;
        } else {
            AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata = AutoConfigurationMetadataLoader.loadMetadata(this.beanClassLoader);
            AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = this.getAutoConfigurationEntry(autoConfigurationMetadata, annotationMetadata);
            return StringUtils.toStringArray(autoConfigurationEntry.getConfigurations());
        }
    }

核心过程
1.通过@Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector)实现配置类的导入
2.AutoConfigurationImportSelector重写selectImorts用于选择性批量配置类的装配
3.通过spring提供的SpringFactoriesLoader机制，扫描classpath路径下的META-INF/spirng.factories，读取需要实现的及自动装配的配置类
4.通过条件筛选的方式，把不符合条件的配置类移除，最终完成自动装配