2021-08-26 WPF控件专题 MediaElement 控件详解

一：控件介绍

1.MediaElement 控件介绍

媒体播放控件：音频或视频文件，

属性：
LoadedBehavior 加载行为 （Manual 手动控制 Play Close(关闭并释放) Pause Stop关闭但不释放）
Position 通过媒体的播放时间获取或设置进度的当前位置。
CanPause（get） IsBuffering 是否缓冲媒体 HasAudio/HasVideo 是否有音频/视频
SpeedRatio 媒体的速率 UnloadedBehavior 卸载行为
Clock 与相关联的时钟 Balance 扬声器的音量比 Volume 媒体的音量
StretchDirection 拉伸值，该值指定该元素的方向 Source 媒体源 IsMuted 是否已静音

2.具体案例

<Window x:Class="WpfAppTest.MediaElementWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfAppTest"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MediaElementWindow" Height="450" Width="800">
        <Grid>
                <Border BorderThickness="2" BorderBrush="YellowGreen" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="275" Margin="43,26,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="583">
                        <MediaElement Source="medias/tongyao1.mp4"    IsMuted="False" Volume="0.3" SpeedRatio="1" UnloadedBehavior="Stop" Balance="-0.6" StretchDirection="Both" Stretch="Fill"  />
                </Border>


        </Grid>
</Window>

二：控件案例

<Window x:Class="WpfAppTest.MediaElementWindow2"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfAppTest"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MediaElementWindow2" Height="450" Width="800" Loaded="Window_Loaded">
        <Window.Resources>
                <Style x:Key="btnStyle" TargetType="Button">
                        <Setter Property="Background">
                                <Setter.Value>
                                        <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0.5,0" EndPoint="0.5,1">
                                                <GradientStop Offset="0" Color="White"/>
                                                <GradientStop Offset="0.444" Color="#FF53897A"/>
                                        </LinearGradientBrush>
                                </Setter.Value>
                        </Setter>
                        <Setter Property="FontStyle" Value="Oblique"/>
                        <Setter Property="Margin" Value="5"/>
                        <Setter Property="Width" Value="60"/>
                        <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Gold"/>
                        <Style.Triggers>
                                <Trigger Property="Button.IsMouseOver" Value="True">
                                        <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Black"/>
                                </Trigger>
                        </Style.Triggers>
                </Style>
        </Window.Resources>
    <Grid>
                <StackPanel>
                        <Border Background="Black" BorderThickness="3" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Height="300"  VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="500">
                                <Border.Effect>
                                        <DropShadowEffect Color="#FFE4CC8D"/>
                                </Border.Effect>
                                <Border.BorderBrush>
                                        <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="1,0" EndPoint="1,1">
                                                <GradientStop Offset="0" Color="White"/>
                                                <GradientStop Offset="0.5" Color="Gold"/>
                                        </LinearGradientBrush>
                                </Border.BorderBrush>
                                <MediaElement Name="me"  LoadedBehavior="Manual"  SpeedRatio="1" Stretch="Fill" UnloadedBehavior="Stop" ScrubbingEnabled="True" Volume="{Binding ElementName=volumeSlider,Path=Value}" Balance="0.6" MouseLeftButtonDown="Me_MouseLeftButtonDown" MediaOpened="Me_MediaOpened" MediaEnded="Me_MediaEnded"  />
                        </Border>
                        <StackPanel Margin="0,10,0,0" Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Center">
                                <TextBlock Text="播放进度" Foreground="Gold" Margin="5"/>
                                <Slider x:Name="posSlider" Minimum="0"   Width="190" Value="{Binding ElementName=me,Path=Position}" IsMoveToPointEnabled="True"  PreviewMouseLeftButtonUp="PosSlider_PreviewMouseLeftButtonUp"   />
                                <TextBlock Text="音量" Foreground="Gold" Margin="20,0,0,0"/>
                                <Slider x:Name="volumeSlider" Margin="10,0" Minimum="0" Maximum="1" Value="0.5" Width="167" />
                        </StackPanel>

                        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"  HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Margin="0,10">
                                <Button x:Name="openBtn" Content="打开"  Style="{StaticResource btnStyle}" Click="OpenBtn_Click" 
              />
                                <Button x:Name="playBtn" Content="播放" Style="{StaticResource btnStyle}" Click="PlayBtn_Click" 
                />
                                <Button x:Name="stopBtn" Content="停止" Style="{StaticResource btnStyle}" Click="StopBtn_Click" 
               />
                                <Button x:Name="backBtn" Content="快退" Style="{StaticResource btnStyle}"  Click="BackBtn_Click"
              />
                                <Button x:Name="forwardBtn" Content="快进" Style="{StaticResource btnStyle}" Click="ForwardBtn_Click" 
              />
                                <Label Name="lblTime" Width="100" Height="30" Content="00:04"></Label>
                        </StackPanel>

                </StackPanel>
        </Grid>
</Window>

System.Timers.Timer timer = null;
private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
        timer = new System.Timers.Timer();
        timer.Interval = 1000;
        timer.Elapsed += Timer_Elapsed;
}

private void Timer_Elapsed(object sender, System.Timers.ElapsedEventArgs e)
{
        //子线程执行
        this.Dispatcher.Invoke(new Action(() =>
        {
                //主线程
                posSlider.Value = me.Position.TotalSeconds;
                SetTime();
        }
      ));
}

/// <summary>
/// 设置时间文本框的值
/// </summary>
private void SetTime()
{
        lblTime.Content = string.Format("{0:00}:{1:00}:{2:00}", me.Position.Hours, me.Position.Minutes, me.Position.Seconds);
}

//选择播放文件
private void OpenBtn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
        OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
        ofd.Filter = @"视频文件(*.avi格式)|*.avi|视频文件(*.wav格式)|*.wav|视频文件(*.wmv格式)|*.wmv|视频文件(*.mp4格式)|*.mp4|All Files|*.*";
        if (ofd.ShowDialog() == false)
        {
                return;
        }
        string filePath = "";
        filePath = ofd.FileName;
        if (filePath == "")
                return;
        //设置媒体源
        me.Source = new Uri(filePath, UriKind.Absolute);
        playBtn.IsEnabled = true;
        me.Play();
        timer.Start();
        playBtn.Content = "暂停";
}

//播放或暂停
private void PlayBtn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
        SetPlayer(true);
        PlayPause();
}

/// <summary>
/// 播放或暂停
/// </summary>
private void PlayPause()
{
        if (playBtn.Content.ToString() == "播放")
        {
                me.Play();
                timer.Start();
                playBtn.Content = "暂停";
                me.ToolTip = "单击暂停";
        }
        else
        {
                me.Pause();
                timer.Stop();
                playBtn.Content = "播放";
                me.ToolTip = "单击播放";
                SetTime();
        }
}

/// <summary>
/// 设置操作按钮的可用状态
/// </summary>
/// <param name="bl"></param>
private void SetPlayer(bool bl)
{
        stopBtn.IsEnabled = bl;
        playBtn.IsEnabled = bl;
        backBtn.IsEnabled = bl;
        forwardBtn.IsEnabled = bl;
}

/// <summary>
/// 停止
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void StopBtn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
        me.Stop();
        posSlider.Value = 0;
        lblTime.Content = "0:0:0";
        playBtn.Content = "播放";
        timer.Stop();
}

/// <summary>
/// 快进 当前播放位置前进10s
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void ForwardBtn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
        me.Pause();
        timer.Stop();
        me.Position = me.Position + TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10);
        SetTime();
        me.Play();
        timer.Start();
}

/// <summary>
/// 快退
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void BackBtn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
        me.Pause();
        timer.Stop();
        me.Position = me.Position - TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10);
        SetTime();
        me.Play();
        timer.Start();
}

private void Me_MouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
{
        PlayPause();
}

/// <summary>
/// 媒体加载完毕后
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Me_MediaOpened(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
        posSlider.Maximum = me.NaturalDuration.TimeSpan.TotalSeconds;
        lblTime.Content = "0:0:0";
        SetPlayer(true);
}

/// <summary>
///拖动播放进度
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void PosSlider_PreviewMouseLeftButtonUp(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
{
        me.Pause();
        timer.Stop();
        int val = (int)posSlider.Value;
        me.Position = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, val);
        SetTime();
        me.Play();
        timer.Start();
}

private void Me_MediaEnded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
        MessageBox.Show("播放结束");
        timer.Stop();
}