LeetCode打卡--Facebook面试题

Facebook面试题

LeetCode 125. Valid Palindrome

class Solution {
public:
    bool check(char c)
    {
        return c >= '0' && c <= '9' || c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z' || c >= 'a' && c <= 'z';

    }


    bool isPalindrome(string s) {
        for(int i = 0, j = s.size()-1; i < j; i++, j--)
        {
            while(i < j && !check(s[i]))i++;
            while(i < j && !check(s[j]))j--;
            if(s[i] != s[j] && s[i] != (s[j]^32))return false;
        }
        return true;
    }
};
//使用双指针

LeetCode 88. Merge Sorted Array

class Solution {
public:
    void merge(vector<int>& nums1, int m, vector<int>& nums2, int n) {
        int k = m + n - 1;
        //m，n现在是下标
        m--, n--;
        //从最大的数开始比较
        while(m >= 0 && n >= 0)
        {
            if(nums1[m] > nums2[n])nums1[k--] = nums1[m--];
            else nums1[k--] = nums2[n--];
        }
        while(n >= 0)nums1[k--] = nums2[n--];
    }
};

LeetCode 278. First Bad Version

// Forward declaration of isBadVersion API.
bool isBadVersion(int version);

class Solution {
public:
    int firstBadVersion(int n) {
        //非常经典的二分问题
        int l = 1, r = n;
        while(l < r)
        {
            int mid = (l + 0ll + r) >> 1;
            if(isBadVersion(mid))r = mid;
            else l = mid + 1;
        }
        return r;
    }
};

LeetCode 98. Validate Binary Search Tree

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    bool isValidBST(TreeNode* root) {
        //边界条件，如果为空，则为BST
        if(!root)return true;
        int minV, maxV;
        return dfs(root, minV, maxV);
    }

    bool dfs(TreeNode *root, int &minV, int &maxV)
    {
        //左右子树都为空时，则根为最大值和最小值
        minV = maxV = root->val;
        //不为空时，则需要搜索整个树的最大值和最小值
        if(root->left)
        {
            int nowMinV, nowMaxV;
            //如果不是BTS，直接return false
            if(!dfs(root->left, nowMinV, nowMaxV))return false;
            //左子树的最大值应该小于根
            if(nowMaxV >= root->val)return false;
            //更新最小
            minV = nowMinV;
        }
        if(root->right)
        {
            int nowMinV, nowMaxV;
            //如果不是BTS，直接return false
            if(!dfs(root->right, nowMinV, nowMaxV))return false;
            //右子树的最小值要大于根
            if(nowMinV <= root->val)return false;
            //更新最大
            maxV = nowMaxV;
        }
        return true;  
    }    
};

LeetCode 173. Binary Search Tree Iterator

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
// BST的中序遍历是按从小到大的顺序排序的
class BSTIterator {
public:
    stack<TreeNode*> stk;
    BSTIterator(TreeNode* root) {
         while(root)
         {
             stk.push(root);
             root = root->left;
         }
    }

    /** @return the next smallest number */
    int next() {
        auto t = stk.top();
        stk.pop();
        for(auto p = t->right; p; p = p->left)
        {
            stk.push(p);
        }
        return t->val;
    }

    /** @return whether we have a next smallest number */
    bool hasNext() {
        return !stk.empty();
    }
};

/**
 * Your BSTIterator object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * BSTIterator* obj = new BSTIterator(root);
 * int param_1 = obj->next();
 * bool param_2 = obj->hasNext();
 */

LeetCode 238. Product of Array Except Self

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> productExceptSelf(vector<int>& nums) {
        vector<int> res(nums.size());
        //这里用到了前缀积，把乘积分为前半部分和后半部分
        for(int i = 0, t = 1; i < nums.size(); i++)
        {
            res[i] = t;
            t *= nums[i];
        }

        for(int i = nums.size()-1, t = 1; i >= 0; i--)
        {
            res[i] *= t;
            t *= nums[i];
        }
        return res;
    }
};

LeetCode 56. Merge Intervals

class Solution {
public:
    static bool cmp(vector<int> a, vector<int> b)
    {
        return a[0] < b[0];
    }

    vector<vector<int>> merge(vector<vector<int>>& intervals) {
        vector<vector<int>> res;
        if(intervals.empty())return res;
        //这里用到了自定义排序
        sort(intervals.begin(), intervals.end(), cmp);
        int st = intervals[0][0], ed = intervals[0][1];
        //有两种方案
        for(int i = 1; i < intervals.size(); i++)
        {
            //第一种，区间需要新开一个
            if(ed < intervals[i][0])
            {
                res.push_back({st, ed});
                st = intervals[i][0], ed = intervals[i][1];
            }
            else
            {
                //第二种，是合并同一个区间
                ed = max(ed, intervals[i][1]);
            }
        }
        res.push_back({st, ed});
        return res;
    }
};

LeetCode 75. Sort Colors

class Solution {
public:
    void sortColors(vector<int>& nums) {
        int red = 0, blue = nums.size() - 1;
        //方法二：这种方法很巧妙
        //设置两个边界线，一个代表0和1的分界线，一个代表1和2的分界线
        //时间复杂度O(n),遇到0，则修改0,1分界线，遇到1继续遍历，遇到2则修改1和2的分界线
        for(int i = 0; i <= blue;)
        {
            if(nums[i] == 0)swap(nums[i++], nums[red++]);
            else if(nums[i] == 2)swap(nums[i], nums[blue--]);
            else i++;
        }

//         //方法一：直接用桶排序遍历一遍，再输出即可，思路简单
//         int count[3] = {0};

//         for(int i = 0; i < nums.size(); i++)
//         {
//             count[nums[i]]++;
//         }

//         for(int i = 0, t = 0; i < 3; i++)
//         {
//             for(int j = 0; j < count[i]; j++)
//             {
//                 nums[t++] = i;
//             }
//         }
    }
};

LeetCode 133. Clone Graph

/*
// Definition for a Node.
class Node {
public:
    int val;
    vector<Node*> neighbors;

    Node() {}

    Node(int _val, vector<Node*> _neighbors) {
        val = _val;
        neighbors = _neighbors;
    }
};
*/
//这题不是很懂
//思路
//1.先把每一个点复制一遍，维护哈希表，可以从原点得到新点；
//2.遍历所有边(a,b),在新点之间，建立新的边(a',b')
class Solution {
public:
    unordered_map<int, Node*> hash;

    Node* cloneGraph(Node* node) {
        if(!node)return node;

        auto root = new Node(node->val, vector<Node*>());
        hash[node->val] = root;
        dfs(node);
        return root;
    }

    void dfs(Node* node)
    {
        for(auto &neighbor:node->neighbors)
        {
            if(!hash.count(neighbor->val))
            {
                hash[neighbor->val] = new Node(neighbor->val, vector<Node*>());
                dfs(neighbor);
            }
            hash[node->val]->neighbors.push_back(hash[neighbor->val]);
        }
    }
};

LeetCode 76. Minimum Window Substring

class Solution {
public:
    string minWindow(string s, string t) {
        string res;
        //使用两个哈希表一个是动态的，一个是静态的
        unordered_map<char, int> S, T;

        for(auto c : t)T[c]++;

        int total = T.size();
        int satisfy = 0;
        //双指针实现滑动窗口
        for(int i = 0, j = 0; i < s.size(); i ++)
        {
            S[s[i]]++;
            if(S[s[i]] == T[s[i]])satisfy++;
            while(S[s[j]] > T[s[j]])S[s[j++]]--;
            if(satisfy == total && (res.empty() || i - j + 1 < res.size()))
            {
                res = s.substr(j, i-j+1);
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
};