HashMap简介
HashMap是基于哈希表实现的,每一个元素都是一个key-value对(并且允许未null),其内部通过单链表解决冲突问题,容量不足(超过了阈值)时,同样会自动增长。
HashMap是非线程安全的(Hashtable是线程安全,且不允许null值),只是用于单线程环境下,多线程环境下可以采用concurrent并发包下的concurrentHashMap。
HashMap实现了Serializable接口,因此它支持序列化,实现了Cloneable接口,能被克隆。
首先通过图片大致看一下结构:
首先我们要非常注意的一点,在Java框架集合那篇文章中也提到了!!!
默认维护的Entry
/** @hide */ // Android added. 被隐藏的api,安卓添加
static class HashMapEntry<K,V> implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
final K key;
V value;
HashMapEntry<K,V> next;
int hash;
/**
* Creates new entry.
* 默认维护的HashMapEntry
* 方法和我们常用的HashMap的很相近
*/
HashMapEntry(int h, K k, V v, HashMapEntry<K,V> n) {
value = v;
next = n;
key = k;
hash = h;
}
public final K getKey() {
return key;
}
public final V getValue() {
return value;
}
public final V setValue(V newValue) {
V oldValue = value;
value = newValue;
return oldValue;
}
public final boolean equals(Object o) {
if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry))
return false;
Map.Entry e = (Map.Entry)o;
Object k1 = getKey();
Object k2 = e.getKey();
if (k1 == k2 || (k1 != null && k1.equals(k2))) {
Object v1 = getValue();
Object v2 = e.getValue();
if (v1 == v2 || (v1 != null && v1.equals(v2)))
return true;
}
return false;
}
public final int hashCode() {
return Objects.hashCode(getKey()) ^ Objects.hashCode(getValue());
}
public final String toString() {
return getKey() + "=" + getValue();
}
/**
* This method is invoked whenever the value in an entry is
* overwritten by an invocation of put(k,v) for a key k that's already
* in the HashMap.
* 这个方法在key已存在,且被重新赋值的时候
*/
void recordAccess(HashMap<K,V> m) {
}
/**
* This method is invoked whenever the entry is
* removed from the table.
* 在被删除的时候调用
*/
void recordRemoval(HashMap<K,V> m) {
}
}
下面让我们来解析源码,注释很清晰,不再多余解释!
package java.util;
import java.io.*;
public class HashMap<K,V>
extends AbstractMap<K,V>
implements Map<K,V>, Cloneable, Serializable
{
/** 默认的初始容量(容量为HashMap中槽的数目)是4,hashset默认维护了一个hashmap,出事容量是16,且实际容量必须是2的整数次幂。 MUST be a power of two */
static final int DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY = 4;
// 最大容量(必须是2的幂且小于2的30次方,传入容量过大将被这个值替换) MUST be a power of two <= 1<<30
static final int MAXIMUM_CAPACITY = 1 << 30;
// 默认加载因子为0.75
static final float DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR = 0.75f;
// 存储数据的Entry数组,长度是2的幂。
// HashMap采用链表法解决冲突,每一个HashMapEntry本质上是一个单向链表
//此处创建了一个空表,而不是原来的声明一个transient Entry[] table在构造方法中实例化
static final HashMapEntry<?,?>[] EMPTY_TABLE = {};
//容量不够时的新的表
transient HashMapEntry<K,V>[] table = (HashMapEntry<K,V>[]) EMPTY_TABLE;
// HashMap的底层数组中已用槽的数量
transient int size;
// HashMap的阈值,用于判断是否需要调整HashMap的容量(threshold = 容量*加载因子)
int threshold;
// 加载因子实际大小
final float loadFactor;
// HashMap被改变的次数
transient volatile int modCount;
// 指定“容量大小”和“加载因子”的构造函数
public HashMap(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor) {
if (initialCapacity < 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal initial capacity: " +
initialCapacity);
// HashMap的最大容量只能是MAXIMUM_CAPACITY
if (initialCapacity > MAXIMUM_CAPACITY)
initialCapacity = MAXIMUM_CAPACITY;
//加载因此不能小于0
if (loadFactor <= 0 || Float.isNaN(loadFactor))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal load factor: " +
loadFactor);
/* 下面是java的做法---------
找出“大于initialCapacity”的最小的2的幂
int capacity = 1;
while (capacity < initialCapacity)
capacity <<= 1;
设置“加载因子”
this.loadFactor = loadFactor;
设置“HashMap阈值”,当HashMap中存储数据的数量达到
threshold时,就需要将HashMap的容量加倍。
threshold = (int)(capacity * loadFactor);
创建Entry数组,用来保存数据
table = new Entry[capacity]; */
// Android-Note: We always use the default loadfactor of 0.75f. 我们一直采用默认的0.75,这是一个艰难的决定,虽然很可能产生错误
threshold = initialCapacity;
init();
}
//init方法什么都没做
void init() {
}
// 指定“容量大小”的构造函数
public HashMap(int initialCapacity) {
this(initialCapacity, DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR);
}
// 默认构造函数。
public HashMap() {
/* 老版本的设置方法,安卓直接采用默认的0.75
设置“加载因子”为默认加载因子0.75
this.loadFactor = DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR;
// 设置“HashMap阈值”,当HashMap中存储数据的数量达到threshold时,就需要将HashMap的容量加倍。
threshold = (int)(DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY * DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR);
// 创建Entry数组,用来保存数据
table = new Entry[DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY];
*/
this(DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY, DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR);
}
// 包含“子Map”的构造函数
public HashMap(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m) {
this(Math.max((int) (m.size() / DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR) + 1, DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY), DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR);
// 将m中的全部元素逐个添加到HashMap中
putAllForCreate(m);
}
//看方法名字,找出“大于number”的最小的2的幂
private static int roundUpToPowerOf2(int number) {
// assert number >= 0 : "number must be non-negative";
int rounded = number >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY
? MAXIMUM_CAPACITY
: (rounded = Integer.highestOneBit(number)) != 0
? (Integer.bitCount(number) > 1) ? rounded << 1 : rounded
: 1;
return rounded;
}
//实例化table
private void inflateTable(int toSize) {
// Find a power of 2 >= toSize
int capacity = roundUpToPowerOf2(toSize);
// Android-changed: Replace usage of Math.min() here because this method is
// called from the <clinit> of runtime, at which point the native libraries
// needed by Float.* might not be loaded.
float thresholdFloat = capacity * loadFactor;
if (thresholdFloat > MAXIMUM_CAPACITY + 1) {
thresholdFloat = MAXIMUM_CAPACITY + 1;
}
threshold = (int) thresholdFloat;
table = new HashMapEntry[capacity];
}
// 返回h在数组中的索引值,这里用&代替取模,旨在提升效率
// h & (length-1)保证返回值的小于length
static int indexFor(int h, int length) {
return h & (length-1);
}
public int size() {
return size;
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return size == 0;
}
// 获取key对应的value
public V get(Object key) {
if (key == null)
return getForNullKey();
/* java中此方法 ,安卓已修改
获取key的hash值
int hash = hash(key.hashCode());
// 在“该hash值对应的链表”上查找“键值等于key”的元素
for (Entry<K,V> e = table[indexFor(hash, table.length)];
e != null;
e = e.next) {
Object k;
//判断key是否相同
if (e.hash == hash && ((k = e.key) == key || key.equals(k)))
return e.value;
}
//没找到则返回null
return null; */
return null == entry ? null : entry.getValue();//这里是调用了map的 getValue()方法
}
// 获取“key为null”的元素的值
// HashMap将“key为null”的元素存储在table[0]位置,但不一定是该链表的第一个位置!
private V getForNullKey() {
for (Entry<K,V> e = table[0]; e != null; e = e.next) {
if (e.key == null)
return e.value;
}
return null;
}
// HashMap是否包含key
public boolean containsKey(Object key) {
return getEntry(key) != null;
}
// 返回“键为key”的键值对
final Entry<K,V> getEntry(Object key) {
// 获取哈希值
// HashMap将“key为null”的元素存储在table[0]位置,“key不为null”的则调用hash()计算哈希值
// int hash = (key == null) ? 0 : hash(key.hashCode()); 这是java中的方法
int hash = (key == null) ? 0 : sun.misc.Hashing.singleWordWangJenkinsHash(key);//特么的,这个方法也是醉了,找都找不到,估计和上面注释掉的是一个原理
// 在“该hash值对应的链表”上查找“键值等于key”的元素
for (Entry<K,V> e = table[indexFor(hash, table.length)];
e != null;
e = e.next) {
Object k;
if (e.hash == hash &&
((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
return e;
}
return null;
}
// 将“key-value”添加到HashMap中
public V put(K key, V value) {
//安卓中添加了这个方法,用于初始化
if (table == EMPTY_TABLE) {
inflateTable(threshold);
}
// 若“key为null”,则将该键值对添加到table[0]中。
if (key == null)
return putForNullKey(value);
// 若“key不为null”,则计算该key的哈希值,然后将其添加到该哈希值对应的链表中。
// int hash = hash(key.hashCode());
int hash = sun.misc.Hashing.singleWordWangJenkinsHash(key);
int i = indexFor(hash, table.length);
for (Entry<K,V> e = table[i]; e != null; e = e.next) {
Object k;
// 若“该key”对应的键值对已经存在,则用新的value取代旧的value。然后退出!
if (e.hash == hash && ((k = e.key) == key || key.equals(k))) {
V oldValue = e.value;
e.value = value;
e.recordAccess(this);
return oldValue;
}
}
// 若“该key”对应的键值对不存在,则将“key-value”添加到table中
modCount++;
//将key-value添加到table[i]处
addEntry(hash, key, value, i);
return null;
}
// putForNullKey()的作用是将“key为null”键值对添加到table[0]位置
private V putForNullKey(V value) {
for (Entry<K,V> e = table[0]; e != null; e = e.next) {
if (e.key == null) {
V oldValue = e.value;
e.value = value;
e.recordAccess(this);
return oldValue;
}
}
// 如果没有存在key为null的键值对,则直接题阿见到table[0]处!
modCount++;
addEntry(0, null, value, 0);
return null;
}
// 创建HashMap对应的“添加方法”,
// 它和put()不同。putForCreate()是内部方法,它被构造函数等调用,用来创建HashMap
// 而put()是对外提供的往HashMap中添加元素的方法。
private void putForCreate(K key, V value) {
int hash = (key == null) ? 0 : sun.misc.Hashing.singleWordWangJenkinsHash(key));
int i = indexFor(hash, table.length);
// 若该HashMap表中存在“键值等于key”的元素,则替换该元素的value值
for (Entry<K,V> e = table[i]; e != null; e = e.next) {
Object k;
if (e.hash == hash &&
((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
e.value = value;
return;
}
}
// 若该HashMap表中不存在“键值等于key”的元素,则将该key-value添加到HashMap中
createEntry(hash, key, value, i);
}
// 将“m”中的全部元素都添加到HashMap中。
// 该方法被内部的构造HashMap的方法所调用。
private void putAllForCreate(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m) {
// java中利用迭代器将元素逐个添加到HashMap中,安卓利用增强for循环
/* for (Iterator<? extends Map.Entry<? extends K, ? extends V>> i = m.entrySet().iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) {
Map.Entry<? extends K, ? extends V> e = i.next(); */
for (Map.Entry<? extends K, ? extends V> e : m.entrySet())//安卓修改
putForCreate(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
}
}
// 重新调整HashMap的大小,newCapacity是调整后的容量
void resize(int newCapacity) {
HashMapEntry[] oldTable = table;
int oldCapacity = oldTable.length;
//如果就容量已经达到了最大值,则不能再扩容,直接返回
if (oldCapacity == MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) {
threshold = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
return;
}
// 新建一个HashMap,将“旧HashMap”的全部元素添加到“新HashMap”中,
// 然后,将“新HashMap”赋值给“旧HashMap”。
HashMapEntry[] newTable = new Entry[newCapacity];
transfer(newTable);
table = newTable;
// threshold = (int)(newCapacity * loadFactor);
threshold = (int)Math.min(newCapacity * loadFactor, MAXIMUM_CAPACITY + 1);//这是安卓修改后的,比较合理
}
// 将HashMap中的全部元素都添加到newTable中
void transfer(HashMapEntry[] newTable) {
int newCapacity = newTable.length;
for (HashMapEntry<K,V> e : table) {//安卓修改后的代码,比较高大上,此处原来是简单的for循环
while(null != e) {
HashMapEntry<K,V> next = e.next;
int i = indexFor(e.hash, newCapacity);
e.next = newTable[i];
newTable[i] = e;
e = next;
}
}
}
// 将"m"的全部元素都添加到HashMap中
public void putAll(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m) {
// 有效性判断
int numKeysToBeAdded = m.size();
if (numKeysToBeAdded == 0)
return;
//放置tabel表为空
if (table == EMPTY_TABLE) {
inflateTable((int) Math.max(numKeysToBeAdded * loadFactor, threshold));
}
// 计算容量是否足够,
// 若“当前阀值容量 < 需要的容量”,则将容量x2。
if (numKeysToBeAdded > threshold) {
int targetCapacity = (int)(numKeysToBeAdded / loadFactor + 1);
if (targetCapacity > MAXIMUM_CAPACITY)
targetCapacity = MAXIMUM_CAPACITY;
int newCapacity = table.length;
while (newCapacity < targetCapacity)
newCapacity <<= 1;
if (newCapacity > table.length)
resize(newCapacity);
}
/* java通过迭代器,将“m”中的元素逐个添加到HashMap中。
for (Iterator<? extends Map.Entry<? extends K, ? extends V>> i = m.entrySet().iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) {
Map.Entry<? extends K, ? extends V> e = i.next();
put(e.getKey(), e.getValue()); */
//安卓put方法
for (Map.Entry<? extends K, ? extends V> e : m.entrySet())
put(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
}
}
// 删除“键为key”元素
public V remove(Object key) {
Entry<K,V> e = removeEntryForKey(key);
return (e == null ? null : e.value);
}
// 删除“键为key”的元素
final Entry<K,V> removeEntryForKey(Object key) {
// 获取哈希值。若key为null,则哈希值为0;否则调用hash()进行计算
int hash = (key == null) ? 0 : sun.misc.Hashing.singleWordWangJenkinsHash(key));
int i = indexFor(hash, table.length);
HashMapEntry<K,V> prev = table[i];
HashMapEntry<K,V> e = prev;
// 删除链表中“键为key”的元素
// 本质是“删除单向链表中的节点”
while (e != null) {
HashMapEntry<K,V> next = e.next;
Object k;
if (e.hash == hash &&
((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
modCount++;
size--;
if (prev == e)
table[i] = next;
else
prev.next = next;
e.recordRemoval(this);
return e;
}
prev = e;
e = next;
}
return e;
}
// 删除“键值对”
final Entry<K,V> removeMapping(Object o) {
if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry))
return null;
Map.Entry<K,V> entry = (Map.Entry<K,V>) o;
Object key = entry.getKey();
int hash = (key == null) ? 0 : hash(key.hashCode());
int i = indexFor(hash, table.length);
HashMapEntry<K,V> prev = table[i];
HashMapEntry<K,V> e = prev;
// 删除链表中的“键值对e”
// 本质是“删除单向链表中的节点”
while (e != null) {
HashMapEntry<K,V> next = e.next;
if (e.hash == hash && e.equals(entry)) {
modCount++;
size--;
if (prev == e)
table[i] = next;
else
prev.next = next;
e.recordRemoval(this);
return e;
}
prev = e;
e = next;
}
return e;
}
// 清空HashMap,将所有的元素设为null
public void clear() {
modCount++;
Entry[] tab = table;
for (int i = 0; i < tab.length; i++)
tab[i] = null;
size = 0;
}
// 是否包含“值为value”的元素
public boolean containsValue(Object value) {
// 若“value为null”,则调用containsNullValue()查找
if (value == null)
return containsNullValue();
// 若“value不为null”,则查找HashMap中是否有值为value的节点。
HashMapEntry[] tab = table;
for (int i = 0; i < tab.length ; i++)
for (Entry e = tab[i] ; e != null ; e = e.next)
if (value.equals(e.value))
return true;
return false;
}
// 是否包含null值
private boolean containsNullValue() {
HashMapEntry[] tab = table;
for (int i = 0; i < tab.length ; i++)
for (HashMapEntrye = tab[i] ; e != null ; e = e.next)
if (e.value == null)
return true;
return false;
}
// 克隆一个HashMap,并返回Object对象
public Object clone() {
HashMap<K,V> result = null;
try {
result = (HashMap<K,V>)super.clone();
} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
// assert false;
}
if (result.table != EMPTY_TABLE) {//安卓修改后的
result.inflateTable(Math.min(
(int) Math.min(
size * Math.min(1 / loadFactor, 4.0f),
// we have limits...
HashMap.MAXIMUM_CAPACITY),
table.length));
}
result.entrySet = null;
result.modCount = 0;
result.size = 0;
result.init();
// 调用putAllForCreate()将全部元素添加到HashMap中
result.putAllForCreate(this);
return result;
}
// Entry是单向链表。
// 它是 “HashMap链式存储法”对应的链表。
// 它实现了Map.Entry 接口,即实现getKey(), getValue(), setValue(V value), equals(Object o), hashCode()这些函数
static class HashMapEntry<K,V> implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
final K key;
V value;
// 指向下一个节点
HashMapEntry<K,V> next;
final int hash;
// 构造函数。
// 输入参数包括"哈希值(h)", "键(k)", "值(v)", "下一节点(n)"
HashMapEntry(int h, K k, V v, Entry<K,V> n) {
value = v;
next = n;
key = k;
hash = h;
}
public final K getKey() {
return key;
}
public final V getValue() {
return value;
}
public final V setValue(V newValue) {
V oldValue = value;
value = newValue;
return oldValue;
}
// 判断两个Entry是否相等
// 若两个Entry的“key”和“value”都相等,则返回true。
// 否则,返回false
public final boolean equals(Object o) {
if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry))
return false;
Map.Entry e = (Map.Entry)o;
Object k1 = getKey();
Object k2 = e.getKey();
if (k1 == k2 || (k1 != null && k1.equals(k2))) {
Object v1 = getValue();
Object v2 = e.getValue();
if (v1 == v2 || (v1 != null && v1.equals(v2)))
return true;
}
return false;
}
// 实现hashCode()
public final int hashCode() {
return (key==null ? 0 : key.hashCode()) ^
(value==null ? 0 : value.hashCode());
}
public final String toString() {
return getKey() + "=" + getValue();
}
// 当向HashMap中添加元素时,绘调用recordAccess()。
// 这里不做任何处理
void recordAccess(HashMap<K,V> m) {
}
// 当从HashMap中删除元素时,绘调用recordRemoval()。
// 这里不做任何处理
void recordRemoval(HashMap<K,V> m) {
}
}
// 新增Entry。将“key-value”插入指定位置,bucketIndex是位置索引。
void addEntry(int hash, K key, V value, int bucketIndex) {
/* java 原来的实现方法
保存“bucketIndex”位置的值到“e”中
Entry<K,V> e = table[bucketIndex];
// 设置“bucketIndex”位置的元素为“新Entry”,
// 设置“e”为“新Entry的下一个节点”
table[bucketIndex] = new Entry<K,V>(hash, key, value, e);
// 若HashMap的实际大小 不小于 “阈值”,则调整HashMap的大小
if (size++ >= threshold)
resize(2 * table.length); */
//按住实现方法
if ((size >= threshold) && (null != table[bucketIndex])) {
resize(2 * table.length);
hash = (null != key) ? sun.misc.Hashing.singleWordWangJenkinsHash(key) : 0;
bucketIndex = indexFor(hash, table.length);
}
}
// 创建Entry。将“key-value”插入指定位置。
void createEntry(int hash, K key, V value, int bucketIndex) {
// 保存“bucketIndex”位置的值到“e”中
HashMapEntry<K,V> e = table[bucketIndex];
// 设置“bucketIndex”位置的元素为“新Entry”,
// 设置“e”为“新Entry的下一个节点”
table[bucketIndex] = new HashMapEntry<K,V>(hash, key, value, e);
size++;
}
// HashIterator是HashMap迭代器的抽象出来的父类,实现了公共了函数。
// 它包含“key迭代器(KeyIterator)”、“Value迭代器(ValueIterator)”和“Entry迭代器(EntryIterator)”3个子类。
private abstract class HashIterator<E> implements Iterator<E> {
// 下一个元素
HashMapEntry<K,V> next;
// expectedModCount用于实现fast-fail机制。
int expectedModCount;
// 当前索引
int index;
// 当前元素
HashMapEntry<K,V> current;
HashIterator() {
expectedModCount = modCount;
if (size > 0) { // advance to first entry
HashMapEntry[] t = table;
// 将next指向table中第一个不为null的元素。
// 这里利用了index的初始值为0,从0开始依次向后遍历,直到找到不为null的元素就退出循环。
while (index < t.length && (next = t[index++]) == null)
;
}
}
public final boolean hasNext() {
return next != null;
}
// 获取下一个元素
final Entry<K,V> nextEntry() {
if (modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
Entry<K,V> e = next;
if (e == null)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
// 注意!!!
// 一个Entry就是一个单向链表
// 若该Entry的下一个节点不为空,就将next指向下一个节点;
// 否则,将next指向下一个链表(也是下一个Entry)的不为null的节点。
if ((next = e.next) == null) {
Entry[] t = table;
while (index < t.length && (next = t[index++]) == null)
;
}
current = e;
return e;
}
// 删除当前元素
public void remove() {
if (current == null)
throw new IllegalStateException();
if (modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
Object k = current.key;
current = null;
HashMap.this.removeEntryForKey(k);
expectedModCount = modCount;
}
}
// value的迭代器
private final class ValueIterator extends HashIterator<V> {
public V next() {
return nextEntry().value;
}
}
// key的迭代器
private final class KeyIterator extends HashIterator<K> {
public K next() {
return nextEntry().getKey();
}
}
// Entry的迭代器
private final class EntryIterator extends HashIterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> {
public Map.Entry<K,V> next() {
return nextEntry();
}
}
// 返回一个“key迭代器”
Iterator<K> newKeyIterator() {
return new KeyIterator();
}
// 返回一个“value迭代器”
Iterator<V> newValueIterator() {
return new ValueIterator();
}
// 返回一个“entry迭代器”
Iterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> newEntryIterator() {
return new EntryIterator();
}
// HashMap的Entry对应的集合
private transient Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> entrySet = null;
// 返回“key的集合”,实际上返回一个“KeySet对象”
public Set<K> keySet() {
Set<K> ks = keySet;
return (ks != null ? ks : (keySet = new KeySet()));
}
// Key对应的集合
// KeySet继承于AbstractSet,说明该集合中没有重复的Key。
private final class KeySet extends AbstractSet<K> {
public Iterator<K> iterator() {
return newKeyIterator();
}
public int size() {
return size;
}
public boolean contains(Object o) {
return containsKey(o);
}
public boolean remove(Object o) {
return HashMap.this.removeEntryForKey(o) != null;
}
public void clear() {
HashMap.this.clear();
}
}
// 返回“value集合”,实际上返回的是一个Values对象
public Collection<V> values() {
Collection<V> vs = values;
return (vs != null ? vs : (values = new Values()));
}
// “value集合”
// Values继承于AbstractCollection,不同于“KeySet继承于AbstractSet”,
// Values中的元素能够重复。因为不同的key可以指向相同的value。
private final class Values extends AbstractCollection<V> {
public Iterator<V> iterator() {
return newValueIterator();
}
public int size() {
return size;
}
public boolean contains(Object o) {
return containsValue(o);
}
public void clear() {
HashMap.this.clear();
}
}
// 返回“HashMap的Entry集合”
public Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> entrySet() {
return entrySet0();
}
// 返回“HashMap的Entry集合”,它实际是返回一个EntrySet对象
private Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> entrySet0() {
Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> es = entrySet;
return es != null ? es : (entrySet = new EntrySet());
}
// EntrySet对应的集合
// EntrySet继承于AbstractSet,说明该集合中没有重复的EntrySet。
private final class EntrySet extends AbstractSet<Map.Entry<K,V>> {
public Iterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> iterator() {
return newEntryIterator();
}
public boolean contains(Object o) {
if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry))
return false;
Map.Entry<K,V> e = (Map.Entry<K,V>) o;
Entry<K,V> candidate = getEntry(e.getKey());
return candidate != null && candidate.equals(e);
}
public boolean remove(Object o) {
return removeMapping(o) != null;
}
public int size() {
return size;
}
public void clear() {
HashMap.this.clear();
}
}
// java.io.Serializable的写入函数
// 将HashMap的“总的容量,实际容量,所有的Entry”都写入到输出流中
private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
throws IOException
{
Iterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> i =
(size > 0) ? entrySet0().iterator() : null;
// Write out the threshold, loadfactor, and any hidden stuff
s.defaultWriteObject();
// Write out number of buckets
s.writeInt(table.length);
// Write out size (number of Mappings)
s.writeInt(size);
// Write out keys and values (alternating)
if (i != null) {
while (i.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
s.writeObject(e.getKey());
s.writeObject(e.getValue());
}
}
}
private static final long serialVersionUID = 362498820763181265L;
// java.io.Serializable的读取函数:根据写入方式读出
// 将HashMap的“总的容量,实际容量,所有的Entry”依次读出
private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException
{
// Read in the threshold, loadfactor, and any hidden stuff
s.defaultReadObject();
// Read in number of buckets and allocate the bucket array;
int numBuckets = s.readInt();
table = new Entry[numBuckets];
init(); // Give subclass a chance to do its thing.
// Read in size (number of Mappings)
int size = s.readInt();
// Read the keys and values, and put the mappings in the HashMap
for (int i=0; i<size; i++) {
K key = (K) s.readObject();
V value = (V) s.readObject();
putForCreate(key, value);
}
}
// 返回“HashMap总的容量”
int capacity() { return table.length; }
// 返回“HashMap的加载因子”
float loadFactor() { return loadFactor; }
}
/*************JDK8新增 放在底部********************/
/**
*Spliterator是Java 8引入的新接口,顾名思义,Spliterator可以理解为Iterator的Split版本
*(但用途要丰富很多)。使用Iterator的时候,我们可以顺序地遍历容器中的元素,使用*Spliterator的时候,我们可以将元素分割成多份,分别交于不于的线程去遍历,以提高效率。使用 *Spliterator 每次可以处理某个元素集合中的一个元素 — 不是从 Spliterator 中获取元素,而是 *使用 tryAdvance() 或 forEachRemaining() 方法对元素应用操作。但 Spliterator 还可以用 *于估计其中保存的元素数量,而且还可以像细胞分裂一样变为一分为二。这些新增加的能力让流并行处 *理代码*可以很方便地将工作分布到多个可用线程上完成。
*/
// spliterators
static class HashMapSpliterator<K,V> {
final HashMap<K,V> map;
HashMapEntry<K,V> current; // current entry
int index; // current index, modified on advance/split
int fence; // one past last index
int est; // size estimate
int expectedModCount; // for comodification checks
HashMapSpliterator(HashMap<K,V> m, int origin,
int fence, int est,
int expectedModCount) {
this.map = m;
this.index = origin;
this.fence = fence;
this.est = est;
this.expectedModCount = expectedModCount;
}
final int getFence() { // initialize fence and size on first use
int hi;
if ((hi = fence) < 0) {
HashMap<K,V> m = map;
est = m.size;
expectedModCount = m.modCount;
HashMapEntry<K,V>[] tab = m.table;
hi = fence = (tab == null) ? 0 : tab.length;
}
return hi;
}
public final long estimateSize() {
getFence(); // force init
return (long) est;
}
}
static final class KeySpliterator<K,V>
extends HashMapSpliterator<K,V>
implements Spliterator<K> {
KeySpliterator(HashMap<K,V> m, int origin, int fence, int est,
int expectedModCount) {
super(m, origin, fence, est, expectedModCount);
}
public KeySpliterator<K,V> trySplit() {
int hi = getFence(), lo = index, mid = (lo + hi) >>> 1;
return (lo >= mid || current != null) ? null :
new KeySpliterator<>(map, lo, index = mid, est >>>= 1,
expectedModCount);
}
public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super K> action) {
int i, hi, mc;
if (action == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
HashMap<K,V> m = map;
HashMapEntry<K,V>[] tab = m.table;
if ((hi = fence) < 0) {
mc = expectedModCount = m.modCount;
hi = fence = (tab == null) ? 0 : tab.length;
}
else
mc = expectedModCount;
if (tab != null && tab.length >= hi &&
(i = index) >= 0 && (i < (index = hi) || current != null)) {
HashMapEntry<K,V> p = current;
current = null;
do {
if (p == null)
p = tab[i++];
else {
action.accept(p.key);
p = p.next;
}
} while (p != null || i < hi);
if (m.modCount != mc)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
}
public boolean tryAdvance(Consumer<? super K> action) {
int hi;
if (action == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
HashMapEntry<K,V>[] tab = map.table;
if (tab != null && tab.length >= (hi = getFence()) && index >= 0) {
while (current != null || index < hi) {
if (current == null)
current = tab[index++];
else {
K k = current.key;
current = current.next;
action.accept(k);
if (map.modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
public int characteristics() {
return (fence < 0 || est == map.size ? Spliterator.SIZED : 0) |
Spliterator.DISTINCT |
((map instanceof LinkedHashMap) ? Spliterator.ORDERED : 0);
}
}
static final class ValueSpliterator<K,V>
extends HashMapSpliterator<K,V>
implements Spliterator<V> {
ValueSpliterator(HashMap<K,V> m, int origin, int fence, int est,
int expectedModCount) {
super(m, origin, fence, est, expectedModCount);
}
public ValueSpliterator<K,V> trySplit() {
int hi = getFence(), lo = index, mid = (lo + hi) >>> 1;
return (lo >= mid || current != null) ? null :
new ValueSpliterator<>(map, lo, index = mid, est >>>= 1,
expectedModCount);
}
public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super V> action) {
int i, hi, mc;
if (action == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
HashMap<K,V> m = map;
HashMapEntry<K,V>[] tab = m.table;
if ((hi = fence) < 0) {
mc = expectedModCount = m.modCount;
hi = fence = (tab == null) ? 0 : tab.length;
}
else
mc = expectedModCount;
if (tab != null && tab.length >= hi &&
(i = index) >= 0 && (i < (index = hi) || current != null)) {
HashMapEntry<K,V> p = current;
current = null;
do {
if (p == null)
p = tab[i++];
else {
action.accept(p.value);
p = p.next;
}
} while (p != null || i < hi);
if (m.modCount != mc)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
}
public boolean tryAdvance(Consumer<? super V> action) {
int hi;
if (action == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
HashMapEntry<K,V>[] tab = map.table;
if (tab != null && tab.length >= (hi = getFence()) && index >= 0) {
while (current != null || index < hi) {
if (current == null)
current = tab[index++];
else {
V v = current.value;
current = current.next;
action.accept(v);
if (map.modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
public int characteristics() {
return (fence < 0 || est == map.size ? Spliterator.SIZED : 0) |
((map instanceof LinkedHashMap) ? Spliterator.ORDERED : 0);
}
}
static final class EntrySpliterator<K,V>
extends HashMapSpliterator<K,V>
implements Spliterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> {
EntrySpliterator(HashMap<K,V> m, int origin, int fence, int est,
int expectedModCount) {
super(m, origin, fence, est, expectedModCount);
}
public EntrySpliterator<K,V> trySplit() {
int hi = getFence(), lo = index, mid = (lo + hi) >>> 1;
return (lo >= mid || current != null) ? null :
new EntrySpliterator<>(map, lo, index = mid, est >>>= 1,
expectedModCount);
}
public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super Map.Entry<K,V>> action) {
int i, hi, mc;
if (action == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
HashMap<K,V> m = map;
HashMapEntry<K,V>[] tab = m.table;
if ((hi = fence) < 0) {
mc = expectedModCount = m.modCount;
hi = fence = (tab == null) ? 0 : tab.length;
}
else
mc = expectedModCount;
if (tab != null && tab.length >= hi &&
(i = index) >= 0 && (i < (index = hi) || current != null)) {
HashMapEntry<K,V> p = current;
current = null;
do {
if (p == null)
p = tab[i++];
else {
action.accept(p);
p = p.next;
}
} while (p != null || i < hi);
if (m.modCount != mc)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
}
public boolean tryAdvance(Consumer<? super Map.Entry<K,V>> action) {
int hi;
if (action == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
HashMapEntry<K,V>[] tab = map.table;
if (tab != null && tab.length >= (hi = getFence()) && index >= 0) {
while (current != null || index < hi) {
if (current == null)
current = tab[index++];
else {
HashMapEntry<K,V> e = current;
current = current.next;
action.accept(e);
if (map.modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
public int characteristics() {
return (fence < 0 || est == map.size ? Spliterator.SIZED : 0) |
Spliterator.DISTINCT |
((map instanceof LinkedHashMap) ? Spliterator.ORDERED : 0);
}
}
// Subclass overrides these to alter behavior of views' iterator() method
Iterator<K> newKeyIterator() {
return new KeyIterator();
}
Iterator<V> newValueIterator() {
return new ValueIterator();
}
Iterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> newEntryIterator() {
return new EntryIterator();
}