C++构造函数、析构函数执行顺序详解

构造函数执行顺序

1. 调用虚基类构造函数（如有多个则按虚基类声明顺序从左到右）
2. 调用基类构造函数（如有多个则按基类声明顺序从左到右）
3. 设定虚函数表指针值（virtual table pointer）
4. 执行初始化列表、调用成员变量构造函数（按成员变量声明顺序）
5. 执行自身构造函数

析构函数执行顺序（与构造函数相反）

1. 执行自身析构函数
2. 调用成员变量析构函数（与成员声明顺序相反）
3. 调整虚函数表指针值
4. 调用基类析构函数（从右到左）
5. 调用虚基类析构函数（从右到左）

    // This program demonstrates the order in which base and
    //derived class constructors and destructors are called.
    #include <iostream>
    #include <memory>
    using namespace std;
    // Base class
    class BaseDemo
    {
        public:
            BaseDemo() // Constructor
            {
                cout << "This is the BaseDemo constructor. \n";
            }
            virtual ~BaseDemo() // Destructor
            {
                cout << "This is the BaseDemo destructor.\n";
            }
    };
    // Derived class
    class DeriDemo : public BaseDemo
    {
        public:
            DeriDemo() // Constructor
            {
                cout << "This is the DeriDemo constructor.\n";
            }
            virtual ~DeriDemo() // Destructor
            {
                cout << "This is the DeriDemo destructor.\n";
            }
    };
    int main()
    {
        cout << "We will now create a DeriDemo obj ect.\n";
        shared_ptr<DeriDemo> d = make_shared<DeriDemo>(); cout << "The program is now going to,end.\n";
        return 0;
    }

程序输出结果：

We will now create a DeriDemo obj ect.
This is the BaseDemo constructor.
This is the DeriDemo constructor.
The program is now going to,end.
This is the DeriDemo destructor.
This is the BaseDemo destructor.