spring 异步方法（@Async注解代替多线程 ）

最近在开发过程里遇到让人很头痛的功能，就是一个批量复制功能，批量复制中包括数据库中的数据，还有文件系统的复制。这在开发中要考虑到系统性能和友好度的问题，一个批量复制最少要执行1~3分钟，这让用户在点击一个按钮后要等待1~3分钟不现实，最后只能用多线程，来达到用户的友好度。

 

在项目既然用到了Spring ，我们用Spring实现的多线程来实现这个功能。

 

 

public class JobUtilsTest{  
      
    @Autowired  
    private DaoService service;  
  
    @Test  
    public void testAsync() throws Exception {  
        System.out.println("start" );  
        service.update(); // ★ 假设这个方法会比较耗时，需要异步执行  
        System.out.println("end");  
          
          
        Thread.sleep(3000); // 因为junit结束会结束jvm，所以让它等会异步线程  
    }  
}  

 

 

在方法上加@Async注解 这个方法就成异步方法了

异步方法不能和调用方法放在一个类里面

 

@Service  
public class DaoService {  
   @Async
    public void update() {  
        try {  
            Thread.sleep(2000);  
            // do something  
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
        System.out.println("operation complete.");  
    }  
}  

applicationContext.xml

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.0.xsd">  
  
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.chinacache" />
    <!--Spring 的配置文件中一定要配置这一项 -->
    <task:annotation-driven/> 
</beans>

输出结果：
start
end
operation complete.

 

 

 

Spring boot 配置

配置线程池

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.aop.interceptor.AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncConfigurer;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;

@Configuration
@EnableAsync
public class AsyncConfig  implements AsyncConfigurer {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AsyncConfig.class);

    @Override
    public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(5);
        taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(6);
        taskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(1024);
        taskExecutor.initialize();
        return taskExecutor;
    }

    @Override
    public AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() {
        return new AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() {
            @Override
            public void handleUncaughtException(Throwable ex, Method method, Object... params) {
                LOGGER.warn("Exception: message - {},Method name - {}", ex.getMessage(), method.getName(), ex);
                for (Object param : params) {
                    LOGGER.warn("Exception: Parameter value - {}", param);
                }
            }
        };
    }
}

使用  

注意： 调用者和 异步方法不能放在一个类中

@Service  
public class DaoService {  
   @Async
    public void update() {  
        try {  
            Thread.sleep(2000);  
            // do something  
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
        System.out.println("operation complete.");  
    }  
}