最近在开发过程里遇到让人很头痛的功能,就是一个批量复制功能,批量复制中包括数据库中的数据,还有文件系统的复制。这在开发中要考虑到系统性能和友好度的问题,一个批量复制最少要执行1~3分钟,这让用户在点击一个按钮后要等待1~3分钟不现实,最后只能用多线程,来达到用户的友好度。
在项目既然用到了Spring ,我们用Spring实现的多线程来实现这个功能。
public class JobUtilsTest{
@Autowired
private DaoService service;
@Test
public void testAsync() throws Exception {
System.out.println("start" );
service.update(); // ★ 假设这个方法会比较耗时,需要异步执行
System.out.println("end");
Thread.sleep(3000); // 因为junit结束会结束jvm,所以让它等会异步线程
}
}
在方法上加@Async注解 这个方法就成异步方法了
异步方法不能和调用方法放在一个类里面
@Service
public class DaoService {
@Async
public void update() {
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
// do something
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("operation complete.");
}
}
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.chinacache" />
<!--Spring 的配置文件中一定要配置这一项 -->
<task:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
输出结果:
start
end
operation complete.
Spring boot 配置
配置线程池
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.aop.interceptor.AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncConfigurer;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
@Configuration
@EnableAsync
public class AsyncConfig implements AsyncConfigurer {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AsyncConfig.class);
@Override
public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(5);
taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(6);
taskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(1024);
taskExecutor.initialize();
return taskExecutor;
}
@Override
public AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() {
return new AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() {
@Override
public void handleUncaughtException(Throwable ex, Method method, Object... params) {
LOGGER.warn("Exception: message - {},Method name - {}", ex.getMessage(), method.getName(), ex);
for (Object param : params) {
LOGGER.warn("Exception: Parameter value - {}", param);
}
}
};
}
}
使用
注意: 调用者和 异步方法不能放在一个类中
@Service
public class DaoService {
@Async
public void update() {
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
// do something
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("operation complete.");
}
}