Hibernate 本地SQL查询

 本地SQL查询来完善HQL不能涵盖所有的查询特性

    下面通过例子来理解本地SQL。

    例子：查询用户和租房的信息

1.配置文件

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>

    <session-factory>

        <!-- Database connection settings -->
        <property name="connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@OWEYOJ5DU7AAHZZ:1521:ORCL</property>
        <property name="connection.username">jbit</property>
        <property name="connection.password">bdqn</property>

        <!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->
        <property name="connection.pool_size">1</property>

        <!-- SQL dialect -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>

        <!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management -->
        <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>

        <!-- Disable the second-level cache -->
        <!-- <property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.NoCacheProvider</property> -->

        <!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>

        <!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup -->
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>

        <mapping resource="cn/jbit/hibernate/entity/User.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="cn/jbit/hibernate/entity/House.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="cn/jbit/hibernate/entity/Street.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="cn/jbit/hibernate/entity/Type.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="cn/jbit/hibernate/entity/District.hbm.xml" />

    </session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

2.hibernate工具类

  HibernateUtil.java

package cn.jbit.hibernate.util;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

/*
 * hibernate工具类
 */
public class HibernateUtil {
    
    private static Configuration configuration;
    
    private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    
    static{
        try {
            configuration=new Configuration();
            configuration.configure();
            sessionFactory=configuration.buildSessionFactory();
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            // Make sure you log the exception, as it might be swallowed
            System.err.println("Initial SessionFactory creation failed." + ex);
            throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
        }
    }

    public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
        return sessionFactory;
    }
    
    public Session getSession() throws HibernateException{
        return getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession();
    }

}

实体类

User,java

package cn.jbit.hibernate.entity;

import java.util.Set;

public class User implements java.io.Serializable {
    
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String password;
    private String telephone;
    private String username;
    private String isadmin;
    private Set<House> house;
    
    //get&set方法
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    public String getTelephone() {
        return telephone;
    }
    public void setTelephone(String telephone) {
        this.telephone = telephone;
    }
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getIsadmin() {
        return isadmin;
    }
    public void setIsadmin(String isadmin) {
        this.isadmin = isadmin;
    }
    public Set<House> getHouse() {
        return house;
    }
    public void setHouse(Set<House> house) {
        this.house = house;
    }
    public static long getSerialversionuid() {
        return serialVersionUID;
    }
    
    
}

实体类

House.java

package cn.jbit.hibernate.entity;

import java.util.Date;

public class House {
    
    private Integer id;
    
    private Integer type_id;
    
    private Integer user_id;
    
    private Integer street_id;
    
    private String description;
    
    private Date date;
    
    private Integer price;
    
    private String contact;
    
    private Integer floorage;
    
    private String title;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public Integer getType_id() {
        return type_id;
    }

    public void setType_id(Integer type_id) {
        this.type_id = type_id;
    }

    public Integer getUser_id() {
        return user_id;
    }

    public void setUser_id(Integer user_id) {
        this.user_id = user_id;
    }

    public Integer getStreet_id() {
        return street_id;
    }

    public void setStreet_id(Integer street_id) {
        this.street_id = street_id;
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return description;
    }

    public void setDescription(String description) {
        this.description = description;
    }

    public Date getDate() {
        return date;
    }

    public void setDate(Date date) {
        this.date = date;
    }

    public Integer getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(Integer price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public String getContact() {
        return contact;
    }

    public void setContact(String contact) {
        this.contact = contact;
    }

    public Integer getFloorage() {
        return floorage;
    }

    public void setFloorage(Integer floorage) {
        this.floorage = floorage;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }
    
    

}

5.映射文件

House.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="cn.jbit.hibernate.entity.House" table="House">
        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="id" />
            <generator class="native">
            </generator>
        </id>
        <property name="type_id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="type_id" length="50" />
        </property>
        <property name="user_id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="user_id" length="50" />
        </property>
        <property name="street_id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="street_id" length="50" />
        </property>
        <property name="description" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="description" length="50" />
        </property>
        <property name="date" type="java.util.Date">
            <column name="pubdate" length="50" />
        </property>
        <property name="price" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="price" length="50"/>
        </property>
         <property name="contact" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="contact" length="50"/>
        </property>
          <property name="floorage" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="floorage" length="50"/>
        </property>
          <property name="title" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="title" length="50"/>
        </property>

    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

6.映射文件

User.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="cn.jbit.hibernate.entity.User" table="users">
        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="id" />
            <generator class="sequence">
                <param name="sequence">SEQ_ID</param>
            </generator>
        </id>
        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="name" length="50" />
        </property>
        <property name="password" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="password" length="50" />
        </property>
        <property name="telephone" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="telephone" length="50" />
        </property>
        <property name="username" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="username" length="50" />
        </property>
        <property name="isadmin" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="isadmin" length="50"/>
        </property>
        <set name="House" table="house">
        <key>
          <column name="user_id"></column>
        </key>
        <one-to-many class="cn.jbit.hibernate.entity.House"/>
        </set>

    </class>

  <!--

    使用<sql-query>元素定义本地sql查询语句，和<class>并列,与命名查询类似。使用<sql-query>元素的子元素<return>指定别名与实体类联系，其中alias属性用于

    指定别名，class属性用于指定实体类。在程序中通过Session对象的getNameQuery()方法获取该查询语句

-->
    <sql-query name="findUserHouse">
    <![CDATA[
      select {u.*},{h.*} from users u,house h where u.id=h.user_id
    ]]>
    <return alias="u" class="cn.jbit.hibernate.entity.User"/>
    <return alias="h" class="cn.jbit.hibernate.entity.House"/>
    </sql-query>
</hibernate-mapping>

测试类

Test.java

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import cn.jbit.hibernate.entity.House;
import cn.jbit.hibernate.entity.QueryProperties;
import cn.jbit.hibernate.entity.User;
import cn.jbit.hibernate.util.HibernateUtil;


public class Test {


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HibernateUtil u= new HibernateUtil();
        SessionFactory sf = null;
        Session session =null;
        Transaction tx=null;
        try{
            session=u.getSession();
            tx=session.beginTransaction();       
            //本地SQL查询
         Query query=session.getNamedQuery("findUserHouse");//获取本地查询语句
            List result=query.list();
            Iterator it=result.iterator();
            while(it.hasNext()){
                Object[] results=(Object[])it.next();
                User user =(User)results[0];
                House house=(House)results[1];
                System.out.println("用户名:"+user.getName()+"  房屋信息:"+house.getTitle()+user.getTelephone());
            }
        }catch(HibernateException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

如果不在User.hbm.xml配置文件中添加本地sql查询语句，也可以在直接在测试类中添加。

执行本地sql查询将不是使用Query接口了，而是通过SQLQuery接口，使用Session的createSQLQuery(String sql)方法利用传入的sql参数获得SQLQuery实例

在使用这个方法时，还需要传入查询实体类，因此需要SQLQuery的addEntity(String alias,Class entityClass)方法。addEntity()方法是将别名与实体类联系在一起。

例如：

  Test1.java

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import cn.jbit.hibernate.entity.House;
import cn.jbit.hibernate.entity.QueryProperties;
import cn.jbit.hibernate.entity.User;
import cn.jbit.hibernate.util.HibernateUtil;


public class Test1 {


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HibernateUtil u= new HibernateUtil();
        SessionFactory sf = null;
        Session session =null;
        Transaction tx=null;
        try{
            session=u.getSession();
            tx=session.beginTransaction();       
            //本地SQL查询

          //sql语句中的u是sql中表Users表名，也是指定实体对象的别名。{}表示引用实体类的属性。
           String sql="select {u.*},{h.*} from users as u,house as h where u.id=h.user_id";

            SQLQuery query=session.createSQLQuery(sql).addEntity("u",User.class).addEntity("h",House.class);

            List result=query.list();
            Iterator it=result.iterator();
            while(it.hasNext()){
                Object[] results=(Object[])it.next();
                User user =(User)results[0];
                House house=(House)results[1];
                System.out.println("用户名:"+user.getName()+"  房屋信息:"+house.getTitle()+user.getTelephone());
            }
        }catch(HibernateException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}