windows程序设计 例题解析 CHECKER4.C

/*-------------------------------------------------
   CHECKER4.C -- Mouse Hit-Test Demo Program No. 4
                 (c) Charles Petzold, 1998
  -------------------------------------------------*/

#include <windows.h>

#define DIVISIONS 5

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc   (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ;
LRESULT CALLBACK ChildWndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ;

int   idFocus = 0 ;
TCHAR szChildClass[] = TEXT ("Checker4_Child") ;

int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                    PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
     static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("Checker4") ;
     HWND         hwnd ;
     MSG          msg ;
     WNDCLASS     wndclass ;
    
     wndclass.style         = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ;
     wndclass.lpfnWndProc   = WndProc ;
     wndclass.cbClsExtra    = 0 ;
     wndclass.cbWndExtra    = 0 ;
     wndclass.hInstance     = hInstance ;
     wndclass.hIcon         = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ;
     wndclass.hCursor       = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ;
     wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH) ;
     wndclass.lpszMenuName  = NULL ;
     wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ;
    
     if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass))
     {
          MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("Program requires Windows NT!"),
                      szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ;
          return 0 ;
     }
    
     wndclass.lpfnWndProc   = ChildWndProc ;
     wndclass.cbWndExtra    = sizeof (long) ;
     wndclass.hIcon         = NULL ;
     wndclass.lpszClassName = szChildClass ;
    
     RegisterClass (&wndclass) ;
    
     hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName, TEXT ("Checker4 Mouse Hit-Test Demo"),
                          WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
                          CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
                          CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
                          NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL) ;
    
     ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ;
     UpdateWindow (hwnd) ;
    
     while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
     {
          TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
          DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
     }
     return msg.wParam ;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
     static HWND hwndChild[DIVISIONS][DIVISIONS] ;
     int         cxBlock, cyBlock, x, y ;
    
     switch (message)
     {
     case WM_CREATE :
          for (x = 0 ; x < DIVISIONS ; x++)
               for (y = 0 ; y < DIVISIONS ; y++)
                    hwndChild[x][y] = CreateWindow (szChildClass, NULL,
                              WS_CHILDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE,//即便设置了WS_TAPSTOP，子窗口也无法自动获得输入焦点
                              0, 0, 0, 0,
                              hwnd, (HMENU) (y << 8 | x),
                              (HINSTANCE) GetWindowLong (hwnd, GWL_HINSTANCE),
                              NULL) ;
          return 0 ;
              
     case WM_SIZE :
          cxBlock = LOWORD (lParam) / DIVISIONS ;
          cyBlock = HIWORD (lParam) / DIVISIONS ;
         
          for (x = 0 ; x < DIVISIONS ; x++)
                for (y = 0 ; y < DIVISIONS ; y++)
                    MoveWindow (hwndChild[x][y],
                                x * cxBlock, y * cyBlock,
                                cxBlock, cyBlock, TRUE) ;
          return 0 ;
                      
     case WM_LBUTTONDOWN :
          MessageBeep (0) ;
          return 0 ;

          // On set-focus message, set focus to child window

     case WM_SETFOCUS:
          SetFocus (GetDlgItem (hwnd, idFocus)) ;  //使得子窗口获得输入焦点，如果没有设置这条语句，子窗口是无法获得输入焦点的（也就是说开始运行程序的时候，你在桌面上按下键盘，是没有任何反应的），意思就是输入焦点还在主窗口上。想要使得运行时，子窗口获得输入焦点，必须要有这条语句

//可以把程序中所出现的setfocus语句注释起来，将会发现你在桌面上按下键盘，是没有任何反应的，同时点击子窗口，子窗口也不会获得输入焦点，说明在子窗口上单击，子窗口是不会自动获得焦点的，要想子窗口获得输入焦点，必须设置setfocus语句

          return 0 ;

          // On key-down message, possibly change the focus window

     case WM_KEYDOWN:
          x = idFocus & 0xFF ;
          y = idFocus >> 8 ;

          switch (wParam)
          {
          case VK_UP:    y-- ;                    break ;
          case VK_DOWN:  y++ ;                    break ;
          case VK_LEFT:  x-- ;                    break ;
          case VK_RIGHT: x++ ;                    break ;
          case VK_HOME:  x = y = 0 ;              break ;
          case VK_END:   x = y = DIVISIONS - 1 ;  break ;
          default:       return 0 ;
          }

          x = (x + DIVISIONS) % DIVISIONS ;
          y = (y + DIVISIONS) % DIVISIONS ;

          idFocus = y << 8 | x ;

          SetFocus (GetDlgItem (hwnd, idFocus)) ; //让子窗口ID为idFocus的窗口具有输入焦点
          return 0 ;

     case WM_DESTROY :
          PostQuitMessage (0) ;
          return 0 ;
     }
     return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK ChildWndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message,
                               WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
     HDC         hdc ;
     PAINTSTRUCT ps ;
     RECT        rect ;
    
     switch (message)
     {
     case WM_CREATE :
          SetWindowLong (hwnd, 0, 0) ;       // on/off flag
          return 0 ;

     case WM_KEYDOWN:
               // Send most key presses to the parent window
         
          if (wParam != VK_RETURN && wParam != VK_SPACE)  //若不是这两个虚拟键，则交给父窗口处理，是这两个键，则执行WM_LBUTTONDOWN

//实际上处理回车和空格消息外，其它的必须交给父窗口处理，因为只有父窗口才能设置子窗口具有输入焦点

//父窗口可以通过GetdlgItem获得子窗口句柄，而在子窗口设置就没有办法获取其它兄弟窗口的句柄
          {
               SendMessage (GetParent (hwnd), message, wParam, lParam) ;
               return 0 ;
          }
               // For Return and Space, fall through to toggle the square
         
     case WM_LBUTTONDOWN :
          SetWindowLong (hwnd, 0, 1 ^ GetWindowLong (hwnd, 0)) ;
          SetFocus (hwnd) ; //使得鼠标按下的那个子窗口获得焦点
          InvalidateRect (hwnd, NULL, FALSE) ;
          return 0 ;

               // For focus messages, invalidate the window for repaint
         
     case WM_SETFOCUS:
          idFocus = GetWindowLong (hwnd, GWL_ID) ; //获取有输入焦点的子窗口ID

               // Fall through
    
     case WM_KILLFOCUS:
          InvalidateRect (hwnd, NULL, TRUE) ;
          return 0 ;
         
     case WM_PAINT :
          hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
         
          GetClientRect (hwnd, &rect) ;
          Rectangle (hdc, 0, 0, rect.right, rect.bottom) ;

               // Draw the "x" mark
         
          if (GetWindowLong (hwnd, 0))
          {
               MoveToEx (hdc, 0,          0, NULL) ;
               LineTo   (hdc, rect.right, rect.bottom) ;
               MoveToEx (hdc, 0,          rect.bottom, NULL) ;
               LineTo   (hdc, rect.right, 0) ;
          }

               // Draw the "focus" rectangle
         
          if (hwnd == GetFocus ())
          {
               rect.left   += rect.right / 10 ;
               rect.right  -= rect.left ;
               rect.top    += rect.bottom / 10 ;
               rect.bottom -= rect.top ;

               SelectObject (hdc, GetStockObject (NULL_BRUSH)) ;
               SelectObject (hdc, CreatePen (PS_DASH, 0, 0)) ;
               Rectangle (hdc, rect.left, rect.top, rect.right, rect.bottom) ;
               DeleteObject (SelectObject (hdc, GetStockObject (BLACK_PEN))) ;
          }

          EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
          return 0 ;
     }
     return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
}

 

如果主窗口有输入焦点，主窗口也可以处理键盘消息

同时主窗口也可以添加滚动条，菜单等，完成一个综合的程序