菜鸟是hadoop新手，对hadoop不了解。这两天处理从文件中读取数据块由于数据块是为固定的1024b，为了根据这个大小根据对文件进行分片输入给mapreduce进行数据的处理。发现现有的InputFormat不能满足需求，最后只能重定义InputFormat，来实现数据的分片。创建自定义InputFormat首先要实现两个类一个是InputFormat抽象接口，另一个是RecordRead的抽象接口。另一种是继承InputFormat和RecordRead类。继承和实现这两种方式在细节上有所差异但是大致上还是一致。这两种方式都需要实现getsplit()这个函数。另外需要分别实现createRecordRead和getRecordRead这两个接口。
首先定义一个IBlockSplit实现数据分片的功能，这个实现的是InputFormat这个抽象接口。故此需要完成两个函数getsplit()和getRecordRead()
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.BlockLocation;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.PathFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.FileSplit;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.InputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.InputSplit;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.RecordReader;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Reporter;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.security.TokenCache;
import org.apache.hadoop.net.NetworkTopology;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.StringUtils;
public class IBlockSplit implements InputFormat<LongWritable,Text>{
private static int mySplitSize=1024;
private final float SPLIT_SLOP =(float) 1.1;
private static final PathFilter hiddenFilter =
new PathFilter(){
@Override
public boolean accept(Path p) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String name =p.getName();
return !name.startsWith("_")&&!name.startsWith(".");
}
};
private static class MultiPathFilter implements PathFilter{
private List<PathFilter> filters;
public MultiPathFilter(List<PathFilter>filters){
this.filters=filters;
}
@Override
public boolean accept(Path path) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
for(PathFilter filter:filters){
if(!filter.accept(path)){
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
}
@Override
public RecordReader<LongWritable,Text> getRecordReader(InputSplit split, JobConf job,
Reporter reporter) throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return new BlockReadRecord(split,job);
}
@Override
public InputSplit[] getSplits(JobConf job, int numsplit) throws IOException {
System.out.println("come into getSplits");
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
FileStatus[] files = listStatus(job);
for(FileStatus file:files)
{
if(file.isDir()){
System.out.println("is Dir()");
}
}
int i = 0;
ArrayList<FileSplit> splits = new ArrayList<FileSplit>();
NetworkTopology cluseterMap = new NetworkTopology();
for(FileStatus file:files){
Path path=file.getPath();
FileSystem fs = path.getFileSystem(job);
long length = file.getLen();
BlockLocation[] blkLocation=fs.getFileBlockLocations(file, 0, length);
if(length!=0){
long blockSize=file.getBlockSize();
System.out.println("blockSize="+blockSize);
long splitSize = mySplitSize;
long bytesRemaining = length;
while(((double)bytesRemaining)/mySplitSize>SPLIT_SLOP){
int blkIndex = getBlockIndex(blkLocation, length-bytesRemaining);
System.out.println("blkIndex="+blkIndex);
splits.add(new FileSplit(path,length-bytesRemaining,splitSize,
blkLocation[blkIndex].getHosts()));
bytesRemaining-=mySplitSize;
System.out.println("bytesRemaining="+bytesRemaining);
//i++;
}
if(bytesRemaining !=0){
splits.add(new FileSplit(path,length-bytesRemaining,
bytesRemaining,blkLocation[blkLocation.length-1].getHosts()));
//i++;
}
}else if(length !=0){
//i++;
splits.add(new FileSplit(path,0,length,blkLocation[0].getHosts()));
}else{
//i++;
splits.add(new FileSplit(path,0,length,new String[0]));
}
System.out.print("length="+length+"block="+length/1024);
}
//System.out.println(i);
return splits.toArray(new FileSplit[splits.size()]);
}
private int getBlockIndex(BlockLocation[] blkLocation, long offset) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
for(int i = 0;i < blkLocation.length;i++){
if((blkLocation[i].getOffset()<=offset)&&
(offset<blkLocation[i].getOffset()+
blkLocation[i].getLength())){
return i;
}
}
BlockLocation last = blkLocation[blkLocation.length-1];
long fileLength = last.getOffset()+last.getLength()-1;
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Offset"
+ offset+"is outside file (0..."+
fileLength+")");
}
private FileStatus[] listStatus(JobConf job) throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Path[] dirs=getInputPath(job);
if(dirs.length==0){
throw new IOException("No Input FIle");
}
TokenCache.obtainTokensForNamenodes(job.getCredentials(), dirs, job);
List<FileStatus> result = new ArrayList<FileStatus>();
List<IOException> errors = new ArrayList<IOException>();
List<PathFilter> filters = new ArrayList<PathFilter>();
filters.add(hiddenFilter);
PathFilter jobFilter = getInputPathFilter(job);
if(jobFilter!=null){
filters.add(jobFilter);
}
PathFilter inputFilter= new MultiPathFilter(filters);
for(Path p:dirs){
FileSystem fs =p.getFileSystem(job);
FileStatus[] matches = fs.globStatus(p,inputFilter);
if(matches == null){
errors.add(new IOException("matches=null error"));
}else if(matches.length==0){
errors.add(new IOException("matches.length==0 error"));
}else{
for(FileStatus globStat:matches){
if(globStat.isDir()){
for(FileStatus stat:fs.listStatus(globStat.getPath(),
inputFilter)){
result.add(stat);
}
}else{
result.add(globStat);
}
}
}
}
return result.toArray(new FileStatus[result.size()]);
}
private PathFilter getInputPathFilter(JobConf job) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Configuration conf =job;
Class<?> filterClass =conf.getClass("mapred.input"
+ ".pathFilter.class",null,PathFilter.class);
return (filterClass!=null)?
(PathFilter)ReflectionUtils.newInstance(filterClass,conf):null;
}
private Path[] getInputPath(JobConf job) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String dirs = job.get("mapred.input.dir","");
String[] list = StringUtils.split(dirs);
Path[] result = new Path[list.length];
for(int i = 0;i<list.length;i++){
result[i]=new Path(StringUtils.unEscapeString(list[i]));
}
return result;
}
}在这里getsplit()并没有实现将文件分块只是将文件名，所分的数据块的起始地址和结束地址，以及文件所在主机加入一个Filesplit的链表中。
然后map类将会调用getRecordRead这个接口对生成的自定义RecordRead这个类进行处理:获取对应的key和value值，下面简单描述一下在读处理key-value的流程(可能有误，这是本人通过实验测，理解的)：
首先map调用getRecordRead(）这个接口获取RecordRead类型的数据。在获取这个类型的数据后会调用createKey()和createValue()这两个函数创建与map对应的key和value值然后调用next()含有数据传递给map如果为true表示这个RecordRead还有数据如果为false表示还有数据传输完成。
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataInputStream;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionCodecFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.FileSplit;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.InputSplit;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.RecordReader;
public class BlockReadRecord implements RecordReader<LongWritable,Text> {
private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(MyRecordReader.class.getName());
private CompressionCodecFactory compressionCodecs= null;
private long start;
private long pos;
private long end;
private byte[] buffer;
private String keyName;
private FSDataInputStream fileIn;
private LongWritable key =null;
private Text value = null;
long i;
BlockReadRecord(InputSplit Insplit, JobConf job) throws IOException{
FileSplit split = (FileSplit)Insplit;
start=split.getStart();
end = split.getLength()+start;
final Path path = split.getPath();
System.out.println(path.toString());
keyName = path.toString();
final FileSystem fs = path.getFileSystem(job);
fileIn=fs.open(path);
fileIn.seek(start);
System.out.println("len="+split.getLength()+
"start="+start+"end="+end);
buffer = new byte[(int)(end-start)];
this.pos=start;
}
@Override
public void close() throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(fileIn!=null){
fileIn.close();
}
}
@Override
public LongWritable createKey() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("create key"+key);
if(key==null){
key = new LongWritable();
key .set(start/1024);
//return key;
}
return key;
//return new LongWritable().set(key);;
}
@Override
public Text createValue() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(value==null){
value=new Text();
try {
fileIn.seek(pos);
fileIn.readFully(pos,buffer);
value.set(buffer);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return value;
//return value;
}
@Override
public long getPos() throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return pos;
}
@Override
public float getProgress() throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(start==end){
return 0.0f;
}else{
return Math.min(1.0f, (pos-start)/(float)(end-start));
}
}
@Override
public boolean next(LongWritable arg0, Text arg1) throws IOException {
System.out.println("next key"+key);
if(key==null)
{
key = new LongWritable();
}
if(value==null)
{
value = new Text();
}
while(pos<end){
System.out.print("key name=");
System.out.println(keyName);
//key.set((this.start)/1024+1);
//i=key.get();
//System.out.println("key int ="+i);
//value.clear();
//fileIn.seek(pos);
//fileIn.readFully(pos,buffer);
//fileIn.readFully(pos, buffer, 0, (int)(end-pos));
//value.set(buffer);
pos+=buffer.length;
LOG.info("end is:"+end+"pos is"+pos);
return true;
}
return false;
}
}最后下面是运行代码：
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobClient;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapReduceBase;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.OutputCollector;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Reporter;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
public class WordCount {
public static class Map extends MapReduceBase implements
Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable> {
private final static IntWritable one = new IntWritable(1);
private Text word = new Text();
public void map(LongWritable key, Text value,
OutputCollector<Text, IntWritable> output, Reporter reporter)
throws IOException {
System.out.println("in map key="+key.get());
IntWritable i = new IntWritable();
i.set(1);
word.set(key.toString());
output.collect(word, i);
}
}
public static class Reduce extends MapReduceBase implements
Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable> {
public void reduce(Text key, Iterator<IntWritable> values,
OutputCollector<Text, IntWritable> output, Reporter reporter)
throws IOException {
int sum = 0;
while (values.hasNext()) {
sum += values.next().get();
}
output.collect(key, new IntWritable(sum));
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
JobConf conf = new JobConf(WordCount.class);
// Job job = new Job(conf,"MyCount");
conf.setJobName("wordCount");
conf.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
conf.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
conf.setMapperClass(Map.class);
conf.setCombinerClass(Reduce.class);
conf.setReducerClass(Reduce.class);
conf.setInputFormat(IBlockSplit.class);
// conf.setInputFormat(TextInputFormat.class);
//job.setInputFormatClass(BlockInputFormat.class);
conf.setOutputFormat(TextOutputFormat.class);
// conf.setOutputKeyClass(LongWritable.class);
// conf.setOutputValueClass(Text.class);
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(conf, new Path(args[0]));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(conf, new Path(args[1]));
// job.wait();
JobClient.runJob(conf);
}
}对于继承inputFormat来实现自定的来除了配置地方不同外有点不同的地方已在上面大号字体标注
运行结束结果：
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