一、SpringBoot2使用-基础入门

SpringBoot官网：https://spring.io/projects/spring-boot#learn
尚硅谷参考：https://www.yuque.com/atguigu/springboot

SpringBoot2入门

1. 系统要求

• Java 8 & 兼容 Java14
• Maven 3.3+

1.1 maven设置

<mirrors>
    <mirror>
      <id>alimaven</id>
      <name>aliyun maven</name>
      <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public</url>
      <mirrorOf>central,jcenter</mirrorOf>
    </mirror>
  </mirrors>
 
  <profiles>
	<profile>
      <id>jdk-1.8</id>
      <activation>
		<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
        <jdk>1.8</jdk>
      </activation>
	  <properties>
		<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
		<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
		<maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
	  </properties>
    </profile>
  </profiles>

2. HelloWorld

需求：浏览器发送 /hello请求，响应 Hello，SpringBoot2

1. 创建 maven 工程
2. 引入依赖

   <parent>
       <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
       <version>2.5.1</version>
   </parent>
   
   <properties>
       <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
       <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
   </properties>
   
   <dependencies>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
       </dependency>
   </dependencies>
   

3. 创建主程序

   @SpringBootApplication
   public class MainApplication {
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           SpringApplication.run(MainApplication.class,args);
       }
   }
   

4. 编写业务

   @RestController
   public class HelloController {
   
       @RequestMapping("/hello")
       public String handle01(){
           return "Hello, Spring Boot 2";
       }
   }
   

5. 测试
   直接运行main方法
6. 简化配置
   properties配置方式：

   server.port=8088
   

   yaml配置方式

   server:
     port: 8088
   

7. 简化部署

   <build>
       <plugins>
           <plugin>
               <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
               <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
           </plugin>
       </plugins>
   </build>
   

   把项目打成jar包，直接在目标服务器执行即可。
   注意：取消掉 cmd 的快速编辑模式

了解自动配置原理

1. SpringBoot 特点

1.1 依赖管理

• 父项目做依赖管理

  <!-- 依赖管理 -->
  <parent>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <version>2.5.1</version>
  </parent>
  <!-- springboot的父项目 -->
  <parent>
  	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  	<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
  	<version>2.5.1</version>
  </parent>
  

• 开发导入starter场景启动器

1. 见到很多 spring-boot-starter-* ： *就某种场景
2. 只要引入starter，这个场景的所有常规需要的依赖我们都自动引入
3. SpringBoot所有支持的场景
   https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/using-spring-boot.html#using-boot-starter
4. 见到的 *-spring-boot-starter： 第三方为我们提供的简化开发的场景启动器。
5. 所有场景启动器最底层的依赖

   <dependency>
   	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
   	<version>2.3.4.RELEASE</version>
   	<scope>compile</scope>
   </dependency>
   

• 无需关注版本号，自动版本仲裁

1. 引入依赖默认都可以不写版本
2. 引入非版本仲裁的jar，要写版本号。

• 可以修改默认版本号

1. 查看 spring-boot-dependencies 里面规定当前依赖的版本 用的 key。
2. 在当前项目里面重写配置

   <properties>
   	<mysql.version>8.0.23</mysql.version>
   </properties>
   

1.2 自动配置

自动配好 Tomcat

• 引入 Tomcat 依赖
• 配置 Tomcat

  <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  

自动配好 SpringMVC

1. 引入SpringMVC全套组件
2. 自动配好SpringMVC常用组件（功能）

自动配好 Web 常见功能， eg：字符编码问题

SpringBoot帮我们配置好了所有web开发的常见场景

默认的包结构

1. 主程序所在包及其下面的所有子包里面的组件都会被默认扫描进来
2. 无需以前的包扫描配置
3. 想要改变扫描路径
   • @SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages=“com.atguigu”)
   • 或者@ComponentScan 指定扫描路径

@SpringBootApplication
等同于
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan("com.zzx.boot")

各种配置拥有默认设置

1. 默认配置最终都是映射到某个类上，如：MultipartProperties
2. 配置文件的值最终会绑定每个类上，这个类会在容器中创建对象

按需加载所有自动配置项

1. 非常多的starter
2. 引入了哪些场景这个场景的自动配置才会开启
3. SpringBoot所有的自动配置功能都在 spring-boot-autoconfigure 包里面

• …

2. 容器功能

2.1 组件添加

1. @Configuration

• 基本使用
• Full 模式 与 Lite 模式
  • 示例
  • 最佳实战
    - 配置 类组件之间无依赖关系用Lite模式加速容器启动过程，减少判断
    - 配置类组件之间有依赖关系，方法会被调用得到之前单实例组件，用Full模式

/**
 * 1. 配置类里面使用 @Bean 标注在方法上给容器注册组件，默认也是单实例的
 * 2. 配置类本身也是组件
 * 3. proxyBeanMethods:代理bean的方法
 *      Full(proxyBeanMethods = true)、【保证每个@Bean方法被调用多少次返回的组件都是单实例的】
 *      Lite(proxyBeanMethods = false)【每个@Bean方法被调用多少次返回的组件都是新创建的】
 *      组件依赖必须使用Full模式默认。其他默认是否Lite模式
 */
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = true) // 告诉 springboot 这是一个配置类，相当于spring中的配置文件
public class MyConfig {

    /**
     * 外部无论对配置类中的这个组件注册方法调用多少次，
     * 获取的都是之前注册容器中的单实例对象
     * @return
     */
    @Bean // 给容器添加组件，默认以方法名作为组件id，返回类型就是组件类型
    public User user01(){
        return new User("lucy",18);
    }

    @Bean("tom")
    public Pet tomcatPet(){
        return new Pet("tomcat");
    }

}

// @Configuration测试代码如下
@SpringBootApplication
public class MainApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 1. 返回IOC容器
        ConfigurableApplicationContext run = SpringApplication.run(MainApplication.class, args);

        // 2. 查看容器里面的组件
        String[] names = run.getBeanDefinitionNames();
        for (String name : names) {
            System.out.println(name);
        }

        // 3. 从容器中获取组件
        Pet tom01 = run.getBean("tom", Pet.class);
        Pet tom02 = run.getBean("tom", Pet.class);
        System.out.println(tom01 == tom02);
        
		MyConfig bean = run.getBean(MyConfig.class);
        System.out.println(bean);

        // 如果@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = true)代理对象调用方法。SpringBoot总会检查这个组件是否在容器中有。
        //保持组件单实例
        User user = bean.user01();
        User user1 = bean.user01();
        System.out.println(user == user1);


        User user01 = run.getBean("user01", User.class);
        Pet tom = run.getBean("tom", Pet.class);
    }
}

2. @Bean、@Component、@Controller、@Service、@Repository

3. @ComponentScan、@Import

/**
* 4. @Import({User.class, DBHelper.class})
	*        给容器中自动创建出这两个类型的组件、默认组件的名字就是全类名
	*/
@Import({User.class, DBHelper.class})
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false) //告诉SpringBoot这是一个配置类 == 配置文件
public class MyConfig {
}

4. @Conditional

条件装配：满足Conditional指定的条件，则进行组件注入

2.2 原生配置文件引入

1. @ImportResource

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
      		xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     	 	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
   
   	<bean id="user" class="com.zzx.boot.bean.User"></bean>
</beans>

@Configuration // 告诉 springboot 这是一个配置类，相当于spring中的配置文件
@ImportResource("classpath:beans.xml") // 引入配置文件资源
public class MyConfig {
}

// 测试
@SpringBootApplication
public class MainApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 1. 返回IOC容器
        ConfigurableApplicationContext run = SpringApplication.run(MainApplication.class, args);
		// 判断是否包含该组件
        boolean user = run.containsBean("user");
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}

2.3 配置绑定

1. @ConfigurationProperties

/**
 * 只有在容器中的组件，才会拥有SpringBoot提供的强大功能
 */
@Getter
@Setter
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@ToString
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "mycar")
public class Car {
    private String brand;
    private Integer price;
}

2. @EnableConfigurationProperties + @ConfigurationProperties

3. @Component + @ConfigurationProperties

@Configuration 
@EnableConfigurationProperties(value = {Car.class})
//1、开启Car配置绑定功能
//2、把这个Car这个组件自动注册到容器中
public class MyConfig {
}

3. 自动配置原理

3.1 引导加载自动配置类

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(
    excludeFilters = {@Filter(
    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
    classes = {TypeExcludeFilter.class}
), @Filter(
    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
    classes = {AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class}
)}
)
public @interface SpringBootApplication {
    @AliasFor(
        annotation = EnableAutoConfiguration.class
    )
    Class<?>[] exclude() default {};

    @AliasFor(
        annotation = EnableAutoConfiguration.class
    )
    String[] excludeName() default {};

    @AliasFor(
        annotation = ComponentScan.class,
        attribute = "basePackages"
    )
    String[] scanBasePackages() default {};

    @AliasFor(
        annotation = ComponentScan.class,
        attribute = "basePackageClasses"
    )
    Class<?>[] scanBasePackageClasses() default {};

    @AliasFor(
        annotation = ComponentScan.class,
        attribute = "nameGenerator"
    )
    Class<? extends BeanNameGenerator> nameGenerator() default BeanNameGenerator.class;

    @AliasFor(
        annotation = Configuration.class
    )
    boolean proxyBeanMethods() default true;
}

1. @SpringBootConfiguration

@Configuration 代表当前类是一个配置类

2. @ComponentScan

指定扫描哪些，Spring注解

3. @EnableAutoConfiguration

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
    String ENABLED_OVERRIDE_PROPERTY = "spring.boot.enableautoconfiguration";

    Class<?>[] exclude() default {};

    String[] excludeName() default {};
}

1. @AutoConfigurationPackage

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@Import({Registrar.class}) // 给容器导入一个组件
public @interface AutoConfigurationPackage {
    String[] basePackages() default {};

    Class<?>[] basePackageClasses() default {};
}

//利用Registrar给容器中导入一系列组件
//将指定的一个包下的所有组件导入进来？MainApplication 所在包下。

2. @Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})

1、利用getAutoConfigurationEntry(annotationMetadata);给容器中批量导入一些组件
2、调用List<String> configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes)获取到所有需要导入到容器中的配置类
3、利用工厂加载 Map<String, List<String>> loadSpringFactories(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader)；得到所有的组件
4、从META-INF/spring.factories位置来加载一个文件。
	默认扫描我们当前系统里面所有META-INF/spring.factories位置的文件
    spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.3.4.RELEASE.jar包里面也有META-INF/spring.factories
    

# 文件里面写死了spring-boot一启动就要给容器中加载的所有配置类
# spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.5.1.jar/META-INF/spring.factories
# Auto Configure
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.RabbitAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.BatchAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cassandra.CassandraAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.LifecycleAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.MessageSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.couchbase.CouchbaseAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.dao.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ReactiveElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ReactiveElasticsearchRestClientAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jdbc.JdbcRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jpa.JpaRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.ldap.LdapRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.r2dbc.R2dbcDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.r2dbc.R2dbcRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisReactiveAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.rest.RepositoryRestMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.web.SpringDataWebAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchRestClientAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.flyway.FlywayAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.freemarker.FreeMarkerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.groovy.template.GroovyTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.gson.GsonAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.h2.H2ConsoleAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hateoas.HypermediaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastJpaDependencyAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.HttpMessageConvertersAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.codec.CodecsAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.influx.InfluxDbAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.info.ProjectInfoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.integration.IntegrationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jackson.JacksonAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JndiDataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.XADataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JmsAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jmx.JmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JndiConnectionFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.activemq.ActiveMQAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.artemis.ArtemisAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jersey.JerseyAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jooq.JooqAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jsonb.JsonbAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.kafka.KafkaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.availability.ApplicationAvailabilityAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.embedded.EmbeddedLdapAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.LdapAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.liquibase.LiquibaseAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderValidatorAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.embedded.EmbeddedMongoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoReactiveAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mustache.MustacheAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.neo4j.Neo4jAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.netty.NettyAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.quartz.QuartzAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.r2dbc.R2dbcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.r2dbc.R2dbcTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketMessagingAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketRequesterAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketServerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketStrategiesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.UserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityFilterAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.reactive.ReactiveSecurityAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.reactive.ReactiveUserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.rsocket.RSocketSecurityAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.saml2.Saml2RelyingPartyAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.sendgrid.SendGridAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.session.SessionAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.client.servlet.OAuth2ClientAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.client.reactive.ReactiveOAuth2ClientAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.resource.servlet.OAuth2ResourceServerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.resource.reactive.ReactiveOAuth2ResourceServerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.solr.SolrAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.sql.init.SqlInitializationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.task.TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.task.TaskSchedulingAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.TransactionAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.jta.JtaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.validation.ValidationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.client.RestTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.embedded.EmbeddedWebServerFactoryCustomizerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.HttpHandlerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.ReactiveWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.WebFluxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.error.ErrorWebFluxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.function.client.ClientHttpConnectorAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.function.client.WebClientAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MultipartAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.reactive.WebSocketReactiveAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.servlet.WebSocketServletAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.servlet.WebSocketMessagingAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.webservices.WebServicesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.webservices.client.WebServiceTemplateAutoConfiguration

3.2 按需开启配置项

虽然我们131个场景的所有自动配置启动的时候默认全部加载。xxxxAutoConfiguration
按照条件装配规则（@Conditional），最终会按需配置。

3.3 修改默认配置

        @Bean
		@ConditionalOnBean(MultipartResolver.class)  //容器中有这个类型组件
		@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = DispatcherServlet.MULTIPART_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME) //容器中没有这个名字 multipartResolver 的组件
		public MultipartResolver multipartResolver(MultipartResolver resolver) {
            //给@Bean标注的方法传入了对象参数，这个参数的值就会从容器中找。
            //SpringMVC multipartResolver。防止有些用户配置的文件上传解析器不符合规范
			// Detect if the user has created a MultipartResolver but named it incorrectly
			return resolver;
		}
给容器中加入了文件上传解析器；

SpringBoot默认会在底层配好所有的组件。但是如果用户自己配置了以用户的优先

	@Bean
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean
	public CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter() {
    }

总结：

• SpringBoot先加载所有的自动配置类 xxxxxAutoConfiguration
• 每个自动配置类按照条件进行生效，默认都会绑定配置文件指定的值。xxxxProperties里面拿。xxxProperties和配置文件进行了绑定
• 生效的配置类就会给容器中装配很多组件
• 只要容器中有这些组件，相当于这些功能就有了
• 定制化配置
  • 用户直接自己@Bean替换底层的组件
  • 用户去看这个组件是获取的配置文件什么值就去修改。
    xxxxxAutoConfiguration —> 组件 —> xxxxProperties里面拿值 ----> application.properties

3.4 最佳实践

• 引入场景依赖
  • https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/using.html#using.build-systems.starters
• 查看自动配置了哪些
  • 自己分析，引入场景对应的自动配置一般都生效了
  • 配置文件中debug=true开启自动配置报告。Negative（不生效）\Positive（生效）
• 是否需要修改
  • 参考文档修改配置项
    • https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/application-properties.html#application-properties.core
    • 分析。xxxxProperties绑定了配置文件的哪些
  • 自定义加入或者替换组件
    • @Bean、@Component。。。
  • 自定义器 XXXXXCustomizer；
  • …

4. 开发小技巧

4.1 Lombok

简化 JavaBean 开发
idea 中搜索安装 lombok 插件

		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@ToString
@EqualsAndHashCode
@Builder
public class User {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
}

===============简化日志开发===================
@Slf4j
@RestController
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String handle01(){
        log.info("请求进入");
        return "Hello, Spring Boot 2";
    }
}

4.2 dev-tools

		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

项目或者页面修改以后：Ctrl+F9 使修改生效；
spring-boot-devtools 的本质是自动重启

JRebel 可以快速实现热部署，但是是付费的

4.3 Spring Initailizr（项目初始化向导）

1. 选择我们需要的开发场景

2. 依赖自动引入

3. 自动创建项目结构

4. 自动创建主配置类