内核版本:2.6.31.6
如果是TQ2440开发板,eeprom i2c访问地址为0x50
首先在S3C2440平台的初始化函数中,主要是将开发平台的设备注册进了系统,也就是将device注册到了platform虚拟的总线上,并进行了一些初始化的工作,这里我们只关注I2C的部分。
static void __init smdk2440_machine_init(void)
{
s3c24xx_fb_set_platdata(&smdk2440_fb_info);
s3c_i2c0_set_platdata(NULL);
platform_add_devices(smdk2440_devices, ARRAY_SIZE(smdk2440_devices));
smdk_machine_init();
}
s3c_i2c0_set_platdata()函数将S3C2440上的I2C控制器进行了一些初始化,但是并没有写入硬件寄存器,仅仅是保存在了s3c2410_platform_i2c结构体中。
void __init s3c_i2c0_set_platdata(struct s3c2410_platform_i2c *pd)
{
struct s3c2410_platform_i2c *npd;
if (!pd)
pd = &default_i2c_data0;
npd = kmemdup(pd, sizeof(struct s3c2410_platform_i2c), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!npd)
printk(KERN_ERR "%s: no memory for platform data\n", __func__);
else if (!npd->cfg_gpio)
npd->cfg_gpio = s3c_i2c0_cfg_gpio;
/* s3c_i2c0_cfg_gpio为 配置I2C控制器GPIO函数指针 */
s3c_device_i2c0.dev.platform_data = npd;
/*最后将struct device 中的platform_data指针直指向了初始化后的 s3c2410_platform_i2c结构体 */
}
函数s3c_i2c0_cfg_gpio()很简单,实际上就是配置GPIO为I2C的工作模式
void s3c_i2c0_cfg_gpio(struct platform_device *dev)
{
s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPE(15), S3C2410_GPE15_IICSDA);
s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPE(14), S3C2410_GPE14_IICSCL);
}
s3c_i2c0_set_platdata(struct s3c2410_platform_i2c *pd)函数实际上就是把初始化数据段中的default_i2c_data0结构体复制过来,然后对GPIO进行配置的函数指针进行了初始化。default_i2c_data0结构体如下:
static struct s3c2410_platform_i2c default_i2c_data0 __initdata = {
.flags = 0,
.slave_addr = 0x10,
.frequency = 100*1000,
.sda_delay = 100,
};
s3c2410_platform_i2c结构体原型如下,根据英文注释即可大致理解其意思
/**
* struct s3c2410_platform_i2c - Platform data for s3c I2C.
* @bus_num: The bus number to use (if possible).
* @flags: Any flags for the I2C bus (E.g. S3C_IICFLK_FILTER).
* @slave_addr: The I2C address for the slave device (if enabled).
* @frequency: The desired frequency in Hz of the bus. This is
* guaranteed to not be exceeded. If the caller does
* not care, use zero and the driver will select a
* useful default.
* @sda_delay: The delay (in ns) applied to SDA edges.
* @cfg_gpio: A callback to configure the pins for I2C operation.
*/
struct s3c2410_platform_i2c {
int bus_num;
unsigned int flags;
unsigned int slave_addr;
unsigned long frequency;
unsigned int sda_delay;
void (*cfg_gpio)(struct platform_device *dev);
};
在函数smdk2440_machine_init(void)中,调用了
platform_add_devices(smdk2440_devices, ARRAY_SIZE(smdk2440_devices));
即将smdk2440_devices结构体数组中platform_device添加到了系统中,也就是添加到了platform总线上。smdk2440_devices的具体内容如下:
static struct platform_device *smdk2440_devices[] __initdata = {
&s3c_device_usb,
&s3c_device_lcd,
&s3c_device_wdt,
&s3c_device_i2c0,
&s3c_device_iis,
&s3c_device_dm9000,
&s3c_device_rtc,
};
其中s3c_device_i2c0保存了S3C2440中的I2C控制器的一些内部资源等信息,具体内容如下:
struct platform_device s3c_device_i2c0 = {
.name = "s3c2410-i2c",
/*设备名,platform总线的match函数中会用设备名和驱动名的比较来绑定设备和驱动程序*/
#ifdef CONFIG_S3C_DEV_I2C1
.id = 0,
#else
.id = -1,
#endif
.num_resources = ARRAY_SIZE(s3c_i2c_resource),
.resource = s3c_i2c_resource,
};
其中s3c_i2c_resource结构体保存了S3C2440中I2C控制器寄存器的物理地址和中断号等具体的硬件信息。
static struct resource s3c_i2c_resource[] = {
[0] = {
.start = S3C_PA_IIC,
.end = S3C_PA_IIC + SZ_4K - 1,
.flags = IORESOURCE_MEM,
},
[1] = {
.start = IRQ_IIC,
.end = IRQ_IIC,
.flags = IORESOURCE_IRQ,
},
};
在后面注册具体设备驱动时也会添加到paltform总线上,platform总线会将具体的设备和驱动进行绑定,这样驱动就可以操作具体的设备了。platform实际上是一个虚拟的总线,本质上也是一个设备。
好了,上面是一些板级的硬件设备资源向系统的注册,没有设计到具体的硬件操作,在加载驱动程序时,驱动程序会根据已经注册到系统的具体设备的硬件资源进行初始化,也就是进行一些硬件操作,控制硬件设备的正常工作,下面来分析驱动程序的加载过程。
S3C2440平台上的I2C的驱动程序在linux/drivers/i2c/busses/i2c-s3c2410.c文件中,
在驱动的加载程序中,将platform_driver类型的s3c24xx_i2c_driver注册到了系统中。
static int __init i2c_adap_s3c_init(void)
{
return platform_driver_register(&s3c24xx_i2c_driver);
}
分析platform_driver_register(&s3c24xx_i2c_driver);的源代码可知,实际上是将s3c24xx_i2c_driver注册到了platform总线上。
int platform_driver_register(struct platform_driver *drv)
{
drv->driver.bus = &platform_bus_type;
/*将device_driver中的probe,remove,shutdown函数指针指向platform_driver中的函数,后面进行驱动和设备绑定后会调用probe函数 */
if (drv->probe)
drv->driver.probe = platform_drv_probe;
if (drv->remove)
drv->driver.remove = platform_drv_remove;
if (drv->shutdown)
drv->driver.shutdown = platform_drv_shutdown;
return driver_register(&drv->driver);
}
下图即为Linux 2.6中引入的设备驱动模型的结构图(只是个总体框架,并不是指这的platform总线,设备和驱动)。
总线上包括设备和驱动的集合,总线上所有设备组成双向循环链表,包含在platform_device的设备集合中,总线上所有驱动组成双向循环链表,包含在platform_dirver的驱动集合中。
platform_driver_register(struct platform_driver *drv)函数实际上是对driver_register(struct device_driver *drv)函数的一个简单封装。driver_register()函数的调用关系如下
driver_register()
—>bus_add_driver(drv);
—> driver_attach(drv);
—> bus_for_each_dev(drv->bus, NULL, drv, __driver_attach);
bus_for_each_dev(drv->bus, NULL, drv, __driver_attach)函数会遍历总线上所有的设备,并调用__driver_attach函数,判断驱动是否和设备匹配,若匹配则将struct device中的 struct device_driver *driver指向此驱动,也就是进行了驱动和设备的绑定,若不匹配,则继续遍历下一个设备。事实上,在向总线注册设备时,同样会进行类似的操作,遍历总线上所有驱动程序,找到则进行设备与驱动程序的绑定。
static int __driver_attach(struct device *dev, void *data)
{
struct device_driver *drv = data;
/*
* Lock device and try to bind to it. We drop the error
* here and always return 0, because we need to keep trying
* to bind to devices and some drivers will return an error
* simply if it didn't support the device.
*
* driver_probe_device() will spit a warning if there
* is an error.
*/
/*调用platform总线的match()函数,即platform_match函数,判断设备和驱动是否匹配,若匹配则返真,找到对应的设备,继续执行后面的程序,若没有找到,则返回假,函数执行结束 。这里我们的I2C驱动找到了可以驱动的设备,所以会继续执行*/
if (!driver_match_device(drv, dev))
return 0;
if (dev->parent) /* Needed for USB */
down(&dev->parent->sem);
down(&dev->sem);
/*设备是否已经找到驱动?显然,这里没有找到驱动,因为设备在向系统中platform总线注册时还没有驱动注册到platform总线上,所以dev->drive = NULL */
if (!dev->driver)
driver_probe_device(drv, dev);
up(&dev->sem);
if (dev->parent)
up(&dev->parent->sem);
return 0;
}
driver_probe_device(drv, dev)函数进行驱动与设备的绑定。
/**
* driver_probe_device - attempt to bind device & driver together
* @drv: driver to bind a device to
* @dev: device to try to bind to the driver
*
* This function returns -ENODEV if the device is not registered,
* 1 if the device is bound sucessfully and 0 otherwise.
*
* This function must be called with @dev->sem held. When called for a
* USB interface, @dev->parent->sem must be held as well.
*/
int driver_probe_device(struct device_driver *drv, struct device *dev)
{
int ret = 0;
if (!device_is_registered(dev)) //判断设备是否已经注册
return -ENODEV;
pr_debug("bus: '%s': %s: matched device %s with driver %s\n",
drv->bus->name, __func__, dev_name(dev), drv->name);
ret = really_probe(dev, drv);
return ret;
}
really_probe函数中 进行device和driver的绑定,并调用用户在device_driver 中注册的probe()例程。
static int really_probe(struct device *dev, struct device_driver *drv)
{
int ret = 0;
atomic_inc(&probe_count);
pr_debug("bus: '%s': %s: probing driver %s with device %s\n",
drv->bus->name, __func__, drv->name, dev_name(dev));
WARN_ON(!list_empty(&dev->devres_head));
/*将device中的device_driver指针指向了这个driver,即完成device和driver的绑定*/
dev->driver = drv;
f (driver_sysfs_add(dev)) {
printk(KERN_ERR "%s: driver_sysfs_add(%s) failed\n",
__func__, dev_name(dev));
goto probe_failed;
}
/*若总线设置了probe函数,则调用总线的probe函数,然而platform总线并没有设置 */
if (dev->bus->probe) {
ret = dev->bus->probe(dev);
if (ret)
goto probe_failed;
}
/* 否则,调用驱动注册在device_driver里的probe,这个函数中一般进行获得硬件资源,初始化硬件等操作,这里实际调用了s3c24xx_i2c_probe函数*/
else if (drv->probe) {
ret = drv->probe(dev);
if (ret)
goto probe_failed;
}
/*将设备添加到driver所支持的设备列表中(因为一个驱动可以支持多个设备),并通知bus上的设备,表明BUS_NOTIFY_BOUND_DRIVER */
driver_bound(dev);
ret = 1;
pr_debug("bus: '%s': %s: bound device %s to driver %s\n",
drv->bus->name, __func__, dev_name(dev), drv->name);
goto done;
probe_failed:
devres_release_all(dev);
driver_sysfs_remove(dev);
dev->driver = NULL;
if (ret != -ENODEV && ret != -ENXIO) {
/* driver matched but the probe failed */
printk(KERN_WARNING
"%s: probe of %s failed with error %d\n",
drv->name, dev_name(dev), ret);
}
/*
* Ignore errors returned by ->probe so that the next driver can try
* its luck.
*/
ret = 0;
done:
atomic_dec(&probe_count);
wake_up(&probe_waitqueue);
return ret;
}
到这里,I2C设备软件层次上的驱动模型已经建立好了,接着会执行s3c24xx_i2c_probe函数,获取系统开始注册的一些硬件资源信息,进行硬件上的一些操作,以及真正的涉及到数据传输驱动程序的注册等操作。
下面开始分析linux/drivers/i2c/busses/i2c-s3c2410.c,在设备与驱动匹配成功后,会执行s3c24xx_i2c_probe()函数,其源码如下:
/* s3c24xx_i2c_probe called by the bus driver when a suitable device is found*/
static int s3c24xx_i2c_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
struct s3c24xx_i2c *i2c;
struct s3c2410_platform_i2c *pdata;
struct resource *res;
int ret;
/*这里pdev->dev.platform_data 在s3c_i2c0_set_platdata()函数中设置,指向了系统初始化时的设置过的s3c2410_platform_i2c结构体*/
pdata = pdev->dev.platform_data;
if (!pdata) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "no platform data\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
/*申请一段sizeof(struct s3c24xx_i2c)的内存,并清0 */
i2c = kzalloc(sizeof(struct s3c24xx_i2c), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!i2c) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "no memory for state\n");
return -ENOMEM;
}
strlcpy(i2c->adap.name, "s3c2410-i2c", sizeof(i2c->adap.name));
i2c->adap.owner = THIS_MODULE;
i2c->adap.algo = &s3c24xx_i2c_algorithm; /*设置I2C总线的通信函数 */
i2c->adap.retries = 2;
i2c->adap.class = I2C_CLASS_HWMON | I2C_CLASS_SPD;
i2c->tx_setup = 50;
spin_lock_init(&i2c->lock);
init_waitqueue_head(&i2c->wait); /*初始化等待队列头 */
/* find the clock and enable it */
/*获得I2C设备的时钟,并使能I2C控制器时钟,后面会具体分析*/
i2c->dev = &pdev->dev;
i2c->clk = clk_get(&pdev->dev, "i2c");
if (IS_ERR(i2c->clk)) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "cannot get clock\n");
ret = -ENOENT;
goto err_noclk;
}
dev_dbg(&pdev->dev, "clock source %p\n", i2c->clk);
clk_enable(i2c->clk);
/* map the registers */
/*获取系统的物理地址,中断等资源信息,并进行物理地址到虚拟地址的映射 */
res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 0);
if (res == NULL) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "cannot find IO resource\n");
ret = -ENOENT;
goto err_clk;
}
i2c->ioarea = request_mem_region(res->start, resource_size(res),
pdev->name);
if (i2c->ioarea == NULL) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "cannot request IO\n");
ret = -ENXIO;
goto err_clk;
}
i2c->regs = ioremap(res->start, resource_size(res));
if (i2c->regs == NULL) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "cannot map IO\n");
ret = -ENXIO;
goto err_ioarea;
}
dev_dbg(&pdev->dev, "registers %p (%p, %p)\n",
i2c->regs, i2c->ioarea, res);
/* setup info block for the i2c core */
i2c->adap.algo_data = i2c;
i2c->adap.dev.parent = &pdev->dev;
/* initialise the i2c controller */
ret = s3c24xx_i2c_init(i2c); /*控制器的初始化, 后面具体会分析 */
if (ret != 0)
goto err_iomap;
/* find the IRQ for this unit (note, this relies on the init call to
* ensure no current IRQs pending
*/
i2c->irq = ret = platform_get_irq(pdev, 0);
if (ret <= 0) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "cannot find IRQ\n");
goto err_iomap;
}
ret = request_irq(i2c->irq, s3c24xx_i2c_irq, IRQF_DISABLED,
dev_name(&pdev->dev), i2c); /*申请中断 */
if (ret != 0) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "cannot claim IRQ %d\n", i2c->irq);
goto err_iomap;
}
ret = s3c24xx_i2c_register_cpufreq(i2c);
if (ret < 0) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "failed to register cpufreq notifier\n");
goto err_irq;
}
/* Note, previous versions of the driver used i2c_add_adapter()
* to add the bus at any number. We now pass the bus number via
* the platform data, so if unset it will now default to always
* being bus 0.
*/
/* 向对应的I2C总线(总线号)注册adapter */
i2c->adap.nr = pdata->bus_num;
ret = i2c_add_numbered_adapter(&i2c->adap);
if (ret < 0) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "failed to add bus to i2c core\n");
goto err_cpufreq;
}
platform_set_drvdata(pdev, i2c);
dev_info(&pdev->dev, "%s: S3C I2C adapter\n", dev_name(&i2c->adap.dev));
return 0;
err_cpufreq:
s3c24xx_i2c_deregister_cpufreq(i2c);
err_irq:
free_irq(i2c->irq, i2c);
err_iomap:
iounmap(i2c->regs);
err_ioarea:
release_resource(i2c->ioarea);
kfree(i2c->ioarea);
err_clk:
clk_disable(i2c->clk);
clk_put(i2c->clk);
err_noclk:
kfree(i2c);
return ret;
}
系统在初始化时会将系统硬件中的时钟注册进系统,用双向循环连接起来,在linux/arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx/s3c244x.c中,s3c244x_init_clocks ()函数完成这个操作这个操作。
void __init s3c244x_init_clocks(int xtal)
{
/* initialise the clocks here, to allow other things like the
* console to use them, and to add new ones after the initialisation
*/
s3c24xx_register_baseclocks(xtal);
s3c244x_setup_clocks();
s3c2410_baseclk_add();
}
其中s3c2410_baseclk_add()的源码如下:
/* s3c2410_baseclk_add()
* Add all the clocks used by the s3c2410 or compatible CPUs
* such as the S3C2440 and S3C2442.
* We cannot use a system device as we are needed before any
* of the init-calls that initialise the devices are actually
* done.*/
int __init s3c2410_baseclk_add(void)
{
unsigned long clkslow = __raw_readl(S3C2410_CLKSLOW);
unsigned long clkcon = __raw_readl(S3C2410_CLKCON);
struct clk *clkp;
struct clk *xtal;
int ret;
int ptr;
clk_upll.enable = s3c2410_upll_enable;
if (s3c24xx_register_clock(&clk_usb_bus) < 0)
printk(KERN_ERR "failed to register usb bus clock\n");
/* register clocks from clock array */
clkp = init_clocks;
for (ptr = 0; ptr < ARRAY_SIZE(init_clocks); ptr++, clkp++) {
/* ensure that we note the clock state */
clkp->usage = clkcon & clkp->ctrlbit ? 1 : 0;
ret = s3c24xx_register_clock(clkp);
if (ret < 0) {
printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to register clock %s (%d)\n",
clkp->name, ret);
}
}
/* We must be careful disabling the clocks we are not intending to
* be using at boot time, as subsystems such as the LCD which do
* their own DMA requests to the bus can cause the system to lockup
* if they where in the middle of requesting bus access.
*
* Disabling the LCD clock if the LCD is active is very dangerous,
* and therefore the bootloader should be careful to not enable
* the LCD clock if it is not needed.
*/
/* install (and disable) the clocks we do not need immediately */
clkp = init_clocks_disable;
for (ptr = 0; ptr < ARRAY_SIZE(init_clocks_disable); ptr++, clkp++) {
ret = s3c24xx_register_clock(clkp);
if (ret < 0) {
printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to register clock %s (%d)\n",
clkp->name, ret);
}
s3c2410_clkcon_enable(clkp, 0);
}
/* show the clock-slow value */
xtal = clk_get(NULL, "xtal");
printk("CLOCK: Slow mode (%ld.%ld MHz), %s, MPLL %s, UPLL %s\n",
print_mhz(clk_get_rate(xtal) /
( 2 * S3C2410_CLKSLOW_GET_SLOWVAL(clkslow))),
(clkslow & S3C2410_CLKSLOW_SLOW) ? "slow" : "fast",
(clkslow & S3C2410_CLKSLOW_MPLL_OFF) ? "off" : "on",
(clkslow & S3C2410_CLKSLOW_UCLK_OFF) ? "off" : "on");
s3c_pwmclk_init();
return 0;
}
根据注释中给的提示,时钟被分成了两部分,init_clocks和init_clocks_disable,其中init_clocks中的时钟是系统启动时会开启的,而init_clocks_disable中的时钟则在系统启动时会关闭。其中函数s3c24xx_register_clock()就是实现讲系统中的时钟插入到双向循环链表中。比如我们这里I2C的时钟的是定义在init_clocks_disable数组中,定义如下:
{
.name = "i2c",
.id = -1,
.parent = &clk_p,
.enable = s3c2410_clkcon_enable,
.ctrlbit = S3C2410_CLKCON_IIC,
}
结构中保存了I2C控制器中时钟时能位的位置偏移,时钟名字已经时钟时能的函数等信息。
s3c24xx_i2c_probe函数中有一段程序就是用来获取时钟信息,并使能I2C时钟,即:
/* find the clock and enable it */
i2c->dev = &pdev->dev;
i2c->clk = clk_get(&pdev->dev, "i2c");
if (IS_ERR(i2c->clk)) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "cannot get clock\n");
ret = -ENOENT;
goto err_noclk;
}
dev_dbg(&pdev->dev, "clock source %p\n", i2c->clk);
clk_enable(i2c->clk);
clk_get(&pdev->dev, "i2c")函数用于获取时钟信息,函数内部会将传入的“i2c”字符串和系统中各时钟的名字进行比较,看是否匹配,看上面的分析可知,I2C控制器时钟注册时的时钟名也是“i2c”,这个过程实际上和device,driver的匹配过程是类似的。clk_get源码如下:
struct clk *clk_get(struct device *dev, const char *id)
{
struct clk *p;
struct clk *clk = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
int idno;
if (dev == NULL || dev->bus != &platform_bus_type)
idno = -1;
else
idno = to_platform_device(dev)->id;
spin_lock(&clocks_lock);
list_for_each_entry(p, &clocks, list) {
if (p->id == idno &&
strcmp(id, p->name) == 0 &&
try_module_get(p->owner)) {
clk = p;
break;
}
}
s3c24xx_i2c_probe函数还调用了s3c24xx_i2c_init(i2c)函数进行了S3C2440上I2C控制器硬件上的初始化,源码如下:
/* s3c24xx_i2c_init initialise the controller, set the IO lines and frequency*/
static int s3c24xx_i2c_init(struct s3c24xx_i2c *i2c)
{
unsigned long iicon = S3C2410_IICCON_IRQEN | S3C2410_IICCON_ACKEN;
struct s3c2410_platform_i2c *pdata;
unsigned int freq;
/* get the plafrom data */
pdata = i2c->dev->platform_data;
/* inititalise the gpio */
if (pdata->cfg_gpio)
pdata->cfg_gpio(to_platform_device(i2c->dev)); /*I2C控制器IO的初始化
/* write slave address */
/* 写入从设备的地址 */
writeb(pdata->slave_addr, i2c->regs + S3C2410_IICADD);
dev_info(i2c->dev, "slave address 0x%02x\n", pdata->slave_addr);
/* 使能接收发送中断和I2C总线应答信号 */
writel(iicon, i2c->regs + S3C2410_IICCON);
/* we need to work out the divisors for the clock... */
/*这里freq用来获取实际的I2C时钟频率,具体指为97KHZ,后面会分析 */
if (s3c24xx_i2c_clockrate(i2c, &freq) != 0) {
writel(0, i2c->regs + S3C2410_IICCON);
dev_err(i2c->dev, "cannot meet bus frequency required\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
/* todo - check that the i2c lines aren't being dragged anywhere */
dev_info(i2c->dev, "bus frequency set to %d KHz\n", freq);
dev_dbg(i2c->dev, "S3C2410_IICCON=0x%02lx\n", iicon);
return 0;
}
/* s3c24xx_i2c_clockrate
*
* work out a divisor for the user requested frequency setting,
* either by the requested frequency, or scanning the acceptable
* range of frequencies until something is found
*/
static int s3c24xx_i2c_clockrate(struct s3c24xx_i2c *i2c, unsigned int *got)
{
struct s3c2410_platform_i2c *pdata = i2c->dev->platform_data;
/*从系统平台时钟队列中获取pclk的时钟频率,大小为50MHZ */
unsigned long clkin = clk_get_rate(i2c->clk);
unsigned int divs, div1;
unsigned long target_frequency;
u32 iiccon;
int freq;
i2c->clkrate = clkin;
clkin /= 1000; /* clkin now in KHz */
dev_dbg(i2c->dev, "pdata desired frequency %lu\n", pdata->frequency);
target_frequency = pdata->frequency ? pdata->frequency : 100000;
target_frequency /= 1000; /* Target frequency now in KHz */
/* 目标频率在前面default_i2c_data0中frequency为100KHZ,根据PCLK和目标频率计算分频系数,计算后实际频率为97KHZ,即freq 为97K*/
freq = s3c24xx_i2c_calcdivisor(clkin, target_frequency, &div1, &divs);
if (freq > target_frequency) {
dev_err(i2c->dev,
"Unable to achieve desired frequency %luKHz." \
" Lowest achievable %dKHz\n", target_frequency, freq);
return -EINVAL;
}
*got = freq; /*通过传入的指针返回实际频率 */
/* 根据时钟选择和分频系数配置对应硬件寄存器 */
iiccon = readl(i2c->regs + S3C2410_IICCON);
iiccon &= ~(S3C2410_IICCON_SCALEMASK | S3C2410_IICCON_TXDIV_512);
iiccon |= (divs-1);
if (div1 == 512)
iiccon |= S3C2410_IICCON_TXDIV_512;
writel(iiccon, i2c->regs + S3C2410_IICCON);
/* 判断是否为S3C2440 */
if (s3c24xx_i2c_is2440(i2c)) {
unsigned long sda_delay;
if (pdata->sda_delay) {
sda_delay = (freq / 1000) * pdata->sda_delay;
sda_delay /= 1000000;
sda_delay = DIV_ROUND_UP(sda_delay, 5);
if (sda_delay > 3)
sda_delay = 3;
sda_delay |= S3C2410_IICLC_FILTER_ON;
} else
sda_delay = 0;
dev_dbg(i2c->dev, "IICLC=%08lx\n", sda_delay);
writel(sda_delay, i2c->regs + S3C2440_IICLC);
}
return 0;
}
到这里,I2C控制器的硬件初始化操作基本上分析完了,接下来该分析Linux内核I2C总线的通信机制了~~